RESUMO
Purpose: Sepsis is a common and critical condition in intensive care units (ICUs) known to complicate patient outcomes. Previous studies have indicated an association between sepsis and various ICU morbidities, including upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB). However, the extent of this relationship and its implications in ICU settings remain inadequately quantified. This study aims to elucidate the association between sepsis and the risk of UGIB in ICU patients. Methods: A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted, encompassing nine studies with a total of nearly 9000 participants. These studies reported events for both sepsis and nonsepsis patients separately. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to assess the risk of UGIB in septic versus nonseptic ICU patients. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on age and study design, and both unadjusted and adjusted ORs were examined. Results: The pooled OR indicated a significant association between sepsis and UGIB (OR = 3.276, 95% CI: 1.931 to 5.557). Moderate heterogeneity was observed (I² = 43.9%). The association was significant in adults (pooled OR = 4.083) but not in children. No difference in association was found based on the study design. Unadjusted and adjusted ORs differed slightly, indicating the influence of confounding factors. Conclusion: This meta-analysis reveals a significant association between sepsis and an increased risk of UGIB in ICU patients, particularly in adults. These findings highlight the need for vigilant monitoring and proactive management of septic ICU patients to mitigate the risk of UGIB. Future research should focus on understanding the underlying mechanisms and developing tailored preventive strategies.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the distribution and epidemiological characteristics of patients in pre-hospital emergency in Hohhot. METHODS: The data of 28 325 pre-hospital emergency patients in 7 first-aid stations in Hohhot from January 1st to December 31st in 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. The gender, age, call time, disease spectrum of patients served as investigation elements, the data were collected into Excel 2010 form, and statistical analysis was carried out. RESULTS: Among 28 325 pre-hospital emergency patients, there were 15 973 male (56.39%) and 12 352 female (43.61%), with the ratio of male to female of 1.29:1. The age of patients were 1 day-108 years, with the majority of patients aged 51-60 years, which accounting for 16.08% (4 554/28 325). The top 6 of diseases were trauma [33.10% (9 376/28 325)], neurological system diseases [16.81% (4 762/28 325)], circulatory system diseases [12.31% (3 486/28 325)], respiratory system diseases [7.62% (2 159/28 325)], digestive system diseases [5.68% (1 609/28 325)], acute poisoning [5.02% (1 422/28 325)]. The peak period of call for help was 09:00-11:00 (12.55%, 3 554/28 325), and 1 small peak occurred at 15:00-17:00 (11.22%, 3 179/28 325). The highest number of patients with pre-hospital care happened in summer (26.22%, 7 428/28 325), followed by autumn (24.94%, 7 065/28 325) and winter (24.83, 7 032/28 325), and the lowest in spring (24.01%, 6 800/28 325). The peak incidence of traumatic patients was in November (11.13%, 1 044/9 376), the most patients with nervous system diseases were found in October (9.97%, 475/4 762), and the most patients with circulatory system diseases were found in July (11.16%, 389/3 486). CONCLUSIONS: The first aid patients in Hohhot were mainly suffered from diseases of trauma, nervous system and circulatory system, more men than women, most in 51-60 years old patients, and the summer was the peak season. Therefore, the establishment of trauma center in emergency department, strengthening the health education of high-risk groups and the primary prevention of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, scientific and effective use of medical resources can improve the success rate of pre-hospital rescue.
