Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis accompanying Still's disease: A case report.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare hematologic disease that occurs due to immune system dysfunction. Clinical manifestations of this disease are fever, increased ferritin level, cytopenia, and hemophagocytosis in the biopsy report of the bone marrow. We report a 36-year-old woman referred to our hospital with persistent fever, arthralgia in interphalangeal joints, and cutaneous rash on the trunk, was subsequently diagnosed as an adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD), and after bone marrow aspiration, HLH was diagnosed with her.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis with salivary glands involvement: Presenting a case and describing its clinical, pathophysiological, and therapeutic aspects.

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), a rare form of small vessel vasculitis, may be manifested by multisystem involvement misleading its definitive diagnosis. The involvement of salivary glands is a very rare characteristic of GPA. Herein, we described a case of GPA with submandibular salivary gland involvement followed by reviewing the literature on similar cases. The case was a 31-year-old man, a known case of seronegative peripheral arthritis that referred recently with bilateral enlargement of the parotid and submandibular glands. Pulmonary nodules were also evident in the patient's CT scan. Fine-needle aspiration under ultrasound guidance indicated the presence of degenerated squamoid cells, giant cells, and inflammatory cells with a priority of neutrophils in the submandibular gland, as well as the presence of a cyst containing fluid without the evidence of malignancy in the parotid gland. The positivity for the Anti-neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody (C-ANCA) marker was also revealed. The patient was treated with methotrexate, prednisolone, and rituximab which led to a gradual reduction in the size of the glands and the improvement of the patient's clinical symptoms within 1 month after the treatment. Enlargement of salivary glands in the context of inflammatory disorders can raise doubts about the existence of GPA, and therefore imaging evaluation and histopathological assessment with an ANCA test will be necessary to confirm or rule out it.

The effect of different hip rotation angles on electromyography activity of the quadriceps muscle during closed kinetic chain tasks in healthy females.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate electromyographic activity of the quadriceps muscle in different positions of hip rotation (while standing on the toes) in healthy females. [Participants and Methods] The study was conducted on 35 healthy females. Electromyographic activity of the rectus femoris, vastus medialis oblique, and vastus lateralis muscles were recorded with the hip in a neutral position as well as different angles of internal and external rotation (15, 30, and 45 degrees (°)) while the participants were standing on their toes. [Results] There was a significant difference of 15° in external rotation, a neutral position, 15° of internal rotation, and at the end of an internal rotation position. Paired comparison between muscle activity using Bonferroni showed that vastus lateralis activity in 15° of external rotation, a neutral position, 15° of internal rotation, and at the end of a position of internal rotation was more than that of rectus femoris muscle. [Conclusion] The present study showed that average vastus lateralis activity was the highest in all positions. However, the positions studied in the current study did not lead to an increase in muscle activity of the vastus medialis oblique as a medial dynamic stabilizer compared to vastus lateralis.

Depression and Hypothyroidism in a Population-Based Study of Iranian Women.

BACKGROUND: Recent biochemical and physiological investigations have focused on the fundament of mood disorders in thyroid dysfunction. The present study aimed to address depressive disorder in a sample of Iranian hypothyroid women compared to euthyroid individuals. METHODS: Thirty consecutive hypothyroid female patients aged 25 to 40 years who referred to the Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinic at Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital in Tehran within a four-month period in 2015 were assessed. Thirty healthy euthyroid subjects matched for sex, age, and educational level were selected as the control. For assessment of depression status, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) was employed. RESULTS: The study showed higher mean depression score in hypothyroid patients when compared to euthyroid ones (13.8 ± 9.5 versus 5.8 ± 5.2, p = 0.010). No significant association was revealed between mean depression score and patients' education level (p = 0.627), age (p = 0.967), occupation status (p = 0.211), and marital status (p = 0.556). CONCLUSION: Hypothyroid women are predisposed to depressive symptoms independent of their baseline demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.

Mycoflora of the interdigital spaces among girl students in ahvaz, iran.

BACKGROUND: Fungi have been extensively isolated and investigated from skin in various parts of the world. Determining the mycoflora of normal people is important when the role of skin is considered as a reservoir for microorganisms. OBJECTIVES: The current study aimed to investigate the incidence of fungal flora on interdigital spaces of the human foot. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Samples were collected from interdigital spaces of 865 girl students who lived in the dormitories of Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. A part of the sample was digested with 20% KOH and screened by a light microscope for fungal elements. Another part of the sample was cultured on Sabouraud glucose agar (SGA) and SGA containing 0.05 mg/mL chloramphenicol and 0.5 mg/mL cycloheximide. The fungal colonies were identified based on morphological and microscopic characteristics and biochemical tests. RESULTS: In the current study, out of the 865 samples, 616 (71. 2%) were positive in direct examination or culture. Of these, 267 samples (30. 9%) were positive in direct examination. The most common fungal isolates in direct test were yeast (29. 4%), followed by conidia (0. 92%), melanised hypha (0. 35%) and non-septated hyphae (0. 23%). Trichophyton mentagrophytes was isolated in one of the specimens. CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated the incidence of fungal flora on interdigital spaces of human foot. The current study results showed that fungi can survive on surfaces of skin without showing the sign of infection.