[Otoneurology (definition, brief historical note, classification)].

The authors consider otoneurology to be an integral constituent part of general otorhinolaryngology. They propose its definition, present a brief historical sketch of this scientific discipline, and describe the principles of classification of the pathological conditions encompassed by this branch of general otorhinolaryngology.

[Effect of vestibular stimuli on visual tracking with a limited tracking sector]. / Vliianie vestibuliarnykh razdrazhitelei na zritel'noe slezhenie pri ogranichenii sektora slezheniia.

The paper presents the results of studying visual tracking of the targets which moved with a constant amplitude of angular displacement. The tracking was carried out during an interaction of vestibular and optic sensors. The tracking stability was related to the coincidence of the direction of vestibular and optic stimuli.

[Sensory components of optokinetic nystagmus in exposure to the action of angular accelerations]. / Sensornye komponenty optokineticheskogo nistagma v usloviiakh deistviia uglovykh uskorenii.

The relationship between the vestibular and optokinetic nystagmus was investigated using a special vestibulooptokinetic trainer. A correlation between the objective index of the angular velocity of the slow component of the optokinetic nystagmus and concomitant sensory reactions responsible for the visual perception of optokinetic stimuli was examined. It was shown that tolerance of the optokinetic system can be characterized by the differential criterion +/-deltaw that is the difference between the angular velocity of the slow component of the optokinetic nystagmus and the angular velocity of optokinetic stimuli. A group of people whose optokinetic system is highly resistant to vestibular noise had been identified. It is suggested that these findings can be used for special selection.

[Dynamics of motor components of optokinetic nystagmus during exposure of the vestibular apparatus to angular accelerations]. / Dinamika motornykh komponentov optokineticheskogo nistagma pri deistvii na vestibuliarnyi apparat uglovykh uskorenii

The effect of angular accelerations on the optokinetic nystagmus was studied on 25 test subjects using a special vestibulo-optokinetic trainer rotated according to five programs and electrooculography. Angular accelerations were found to induce indirectly changes in the amplitude and time of the optokinetic nystagmus via the vestibular apparatus. Optimization of parameters of the optokinetic nystagmus was reflected in the criterion of positive difference + delta between angular velocities of the slow component of the nystagmus and optokinetic stimuli. It is postulated that the criterion + delta is a necessary factor in the organization of optimal time relations between optokinetic stimuli and central processes that are responsible for the final result--sensory image of movement.

[Effect of angular accelerations on the sensory and motor components of fixation eye movements]. / Sensornye i motornye komponenty fiksatsionnykh povorotov glaz v usloviiakh deistviia uglovykh uskorenii

The effect of angular accelerations on the eye fixation function and concomitant sensory reactions was investigated under special conditions. An illusion of target distortion towards the rapid component of the vestibular nystagmus developed in these situations. Changes in the eye fixation movements and "sensation of target" were coordinated and depended on the direction of the vestibular nystagmus. The findings indicate that during an exposure to angular accelerations the stability of target perceptions is disturbed and objectively recorded errors of its fixation by the optic apparatus are made.