RESUMO
The origin of Vaccinia virus (VACV) outbreaks in Brazil remains unknown, but since the isolation of VACV in Mus musculus mice during a zoonotic outbreak affecting cattle and milkers, peridomestic rodents have been suggested to be a link between cows and wild animals. Considering that experimentally infected mice eliminate viral particles in their feces, we investigated the presence of VACV in the feces and urine of wild rodents that were captured in the forest areas surrounding milking farms in the central west region of São Paulo State. For the first time, this work reports the detection of VACV by PCR in the feces of naturally infected Oligoryzomys flavescens, Oligoryzomys nigripes, and Sooretamys angouya, and in the urine of Oligorizomys flavescens, which raises important questions about the spread of VACV by rodent feces and its potential to induce clinical infections in cows.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Animais/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Animais/virologia , Animais Selvagens , Roedores , Vaccinia virus , Vacínia/veterinária , Eliminação de Partículas Virais , Doenças dos Animais/transmissão , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Biologia Computacional/métodos , DNA Viral , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Fazendas , Fezes/virologia , Florestas , Geografia Médica , Filogenia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Vaccinia virus/genética , Vaccinia virus/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Outbreaks of Vaccinia virus (VACV) affecting cattle and humans have been reported in Brazil in the last 15 years, but the origin of outbreaks remains unknown. Although VACV DNA have been already detected in mice (Mus musculus), opossums (Didelphis albiventris) and dogs during VACV zoonotic outbreaks, no transmission to cattle or humans from any of these were reported during Brazilian outbreaks. In this work, we assessed the PCR positivity to VACV in blood samples of cows and other domestic mammals, wild rodents and other wild mammals, and humans from areas with or without VACV infection reports. Our results show the detection of VACV DNA in blood samples of cows, horse and opossums, raising important questions about VACV spread.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Animais/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Animais/virologia , Animais Domésticos , Animais Selvagens , Vaccinia virus , Vacínia/epidemiologia , Vacínia/virologia , Carga Viral , Doenças dos Animais/transmissão , Animais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Surtos de Doenças , Fazendas , Genes Virais , Geografia Médica , Humanos , Filogenia , Vigilância em Saúde Pública , Vacínia/transmissão , Vaccinia virus/classificação , Vaccinia virus/genética , Vaccinia virus/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
During a vaccinia virus (VACV) outbreak in São Paulo State, Brazil, blood samples were collected from cows, humans, other domestic animals, and wild mammals. Samples from 3 dogs and 3 opossums were positive for VACV by PCR. Results of gene sequencing yielded major questions regarding other mammalian species acting as reservoirs of VACV.
