[Combined surgery in gastric cancer]. / Kombinirovannye operatsii pri rake zheludka.

The authors analysed 725 clinical observations over patients who underwent combined operations for gastric carcinoma. The immediate and late-term results of these interventions were studied. Improvement of the operative techniques and the methods of pre- and postoperative management of the patients led to a decrease of the mortality to 12.3%. Five-year survival after combined operations in gastric carcinoma was 17.9 +/- 1.8%. The authors recommend specific drug therapy as an adjuvant measure in combined interventions in patients with endophytic and mixed forms of growth and metastases in the regional lymph nodes.

[Radiation exposure of the patient and personnel during punctures controlled by roentgenotelevision and computed tomography]. / Luchevaia nagruzka na patienta i personal pri vypolnenii punktsii pod kontrolem rentgenotelevideniia i komp'iuternoi tomografii.

Determined by means of thermoluminescent dosimetry radiation exposure to a patient from punctures controlled by two-projection x-ray and TV was, on an average, 0.0176 Gy +/- 18%, and when controlled by CT it was 0.048 Gy +/- 22% which was comparable with dose exposure of 2 x-ray films in the first case and of 5 x-ray films in the second case. Assessment of radiation exposure to a physician was based on the ratio of single and maximum permissible annual equivalent doses. This ratio of doses to the gonads limited the permissible number of punctures controlled by two-projection x-ray and TV up to 80 per year and that of punctures controlled by CT up to 150 per year. Individual dosimetric control is obligatory for physicians regularly engaged in this type of investigations.

[Ultrasonic tomography in the diagnosis of non-discrete retroperitoneal tumors]. / Ul'trazvukovaia tomografiia v diagnostike zabriushinnykh neorgannykh opukholei.

The ultrasonic tomography has been used among other methods to diagnose nonorganic extraperitoneal tumours in 114 patients. The results have shown the ultrasonic tomography to be an efficient method permitting one to diagnose the tumours in 91.4% of cases studied. The high diagnostic accuracy of the method (87.7%), the absence of irradiation load noninvasiveness and economy of ultrasonic tomography make it a useful method for screening extraperitoneal nonorganic tumours at early stages of patients observation.

[Computer tomography in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal nonorganic tumors]. / Komp'iuternaia tomografiia v diagnostike zabriushinnykh neorgannykh opukholei.

The results of a follow-up of 128 patients with retroperitoneal nonorganic tumors showed that among diagnostic methods computerized tomography (CT) proved to be a valuable method in the recognition of nonorganic tumors of the retroperitoneal space permitting one to detect neoplasms in 92.6%. In spite of the fact that the main bulk of retroperitoneal nonorganic tumors had various images on computerized tomograms this method provided an opportunity to judge of the nature of nonorganic neoplasms on the basis of correlation of their structural elements, the prevalence of this or that tissue and the expression of disintegration processes. Diagnostic errors in CT of the patients with retroperitoneal nonorganic tumors were associated with objective difficulties determined by the peculiarities of interrelationships of a growing tumor with the adjacent organs.