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1.
Mali Med ; 30(3): 7-12, 2015.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29927160

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Depressed skull fractures are common and frequent among neurosurgical diseases of whose danger stem from the associated intracranial lesions. The aims of this study were to describe the epidemiological characteristics of depressed skull fractures, to determine their etiology, to describe the clinical signs, to highlight the complications and sequelae and to evaluate care management. PATIENTS AND METHODS: It was a retrospective and descriptive study from January to December 2013 including 72 patients admitted to the neurosurgical department of the Gabriel Toure hospital. RESULTS: The frequency was 14.7% and the male to female ratio was 13.4. The peak frequency of these injuries occurred in the 16-to 25-year-old age group accounting for 38.9% of cases. Road traffic accidents were the most common causes of depressed skull fractures (59.7%). Neurosurgical treatment was performed in 25 (34.72%) patients and the most common surgical technique performed was the craniectomy in (64%). Infection of the wound was found in 15.3% and the mortality rate was 1.39%. CONCLUSIONS: Depressed skull fractures are a frequent neurosurgical disease in the Gabriel Touré hospital. Young people are most affected and road traffic accidents involving motorbikes are the main cause the fractures. The infection of the wound is a poor prognostic factor. Therefore, an early management is required to expect a good outcome.


INTRODUCTION: Les Fractures embarrures constituent des affections fréquentes en neurochirurgie dont la gravité est liée aux lésions intracrâniennes associées. Les objectifs de ce travail sont les suivants : décrire les caractéristiques épidémiologiques des fractures embarrures du crâne, déterminer les étiologies, décrire les signes cliniques, dégager les complications et les séquelles et évaluer la prise en charge. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODES: il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective descriptive portant sur 72 malades de janvier à décembre 2013 dans le service de neurochirurgie du CHU Gabriel Touré. La fréquence était de 14,7% avec une forte prédominance masculine (93% des cas). Les jeunes de 16-25 ans étaient les plus touchés soit 38,9%. Les AVP constituaient la principale étiologie avec 59,7% des cas. Le traitement neurochirurgical a été effectué chez 25 patients soit 34,72% et la craniectomie à os perdu était la technique la plus utilisés (64% des cas opérés). L'infection de la plaie a été la complication post opératoire dominante avec 15,3%. le taux de mortalité était de 1,39%.

2.
Mali Med ; 30(3): 24-28, 2015.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29927163

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Lumbar stenosis is a disease caused by a conflict between the neural structures (spinal cord and nerve roots) and spinal structures (bones and ligaments). The objectives of this study were to highlight the frequency, the diagnosis and therapeutics options, and to evaluate the treatment outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: It was a retrospective study from January 2012 to December 2012 including 24 patients admitted to the neurosurgical department of the Gabriel Touré Hospital. RESULTS: The frequency of lumbar stenosis was 6.19% of all neurosurgical diseases. The sex-ratio was 0.71. The age ranged from 28 to 81 years with an average of 52 years. The neurogenic claudication was found in 87.5%. The straight leg raising test was positive in 41.7% of cases. The most vertebras involved were L4 and L5. Lumbar disc herniation was associated in 70.83%. Degenerative lumbar stenosis was the most common form, found in 66.67% of cases. Surgical treatment was performed in 29.17% of cases. The outcome was good in 85.6% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Lumbar stenosis is a prevalent disease that occurs typically occurs around 50 years of age. The diagnosis was confirmed by myelography and a post myelographic CT scan. Good outcomes are achieved with both surgical or medical treatments.


INTRODUCTION: Le canal lombaire étroit (C.L.E.) est une pathologie liée à un conflit entre le contenant (ostéo-discoligamentaire) et le contenu (moelle épinière et ses composantes). Les objectifs de ce travail étaient de déterminer la fréquence du CLE, de déterminer les méthodes de diagnostic et de traitement, d'évaluer les résultats du traitement. PATIENTS ET MÉTHODE: Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective portant sur 24 cas de canal lombaire étroit colligés entre le 1er Janvier 2012 et le 31 Décembre 2012% dans le service de Neurochirurgie du C.H.U Gabriel Touré. RÉSULTATS: le CLE constitue 6,19% de nos patients opérés. Le sexe féminin prédominait avec 58%. L'âge moyen était 52 ans avec les extrêmes de 28 ans et de 81 ans. La claudication était retrouvée à l'interrogatoire chez 87,5% des cas. le signe de Sonnette était retrouvé chez 41,7% des patients. Les vertèbres L4 et L5 étaient les plus touchés. La hernie discale était associée dans 70 .83%. Le CLE acquis représentait 66,67% des cas, la forme constitutionnelle,25% et celle congénitale, 8,33%. Le traitement a été médical dans 70,83% des cas et chirurgical 29,17%. Les résultats étaient bons dans 85,6%. CONCLUSION: le CLE est une affection fréquente se manifestant vers l'âge de 50 ans. La confirmation du diagnostic était faite par la saccoradiculographie couplée au myéloscanner. Le traitement médical ou chirurgical donne des bons résultats.

3.
Sciences de la santé ; 1(2): 15-20, 2015.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1271882

RESUMO

Objectif : cette etude avait pour objectif d'apprecier les variations des concentrations seriques de l'homocysteine; de la vitamine B12 et de l'acide folique au cours des maladies cardiovasculaires en Cote d'Ivoire. Methodes : il s'agissait d'une etude transversale realisee chez 122 sujets des deux sexes; ages de plus de 18 ans; repartis en deux groupes. Un groupe de 30 sujets apparemment sains et un groupe de 92 patients atteints de maladies cardiovasculaires. Ce dernier groupe se composait comme suit : 30 patients atteints d'hypertension arterielle (HTA); 30 patients atteints d'accident vasculaire cerebral (AVC); 19 patients atteints d'infarctus du myocarde (IDM) et 13 patients atteints de thrombose veineuse peripherique (TVP). Des echantillons de sang ont ete preleves chez les sujets a jeun depuis la veille au soir (12 heures). Les plasmas obtenus apres traitement ont ete separes en aliquotes qui ont servi au dosage de l'homocysteine; de la vitamine B12 et de l'acide folique. Resultats : Au terme de notre etude; nous avons constate que : - la difference entre la proportion de patients atteints d'AVC ayant une hyperhomocysteinemie et celle des sujets sains ayant une hyperhomocysteinemie etait statistiquement significativement avec p=0;0409; - la difference entre la proportion de patients atteints d'IDM ayant une hyperhomocysteinemie et celle des sujets sains ayant une hyperhomocysteinemie etait statistiquement significativement avec p=0;0205; - 52;63 des sujets de l'etude ayant une hyperhomocysteinemie presentaient une carence en acide folique ;- le risque relatif des MCV etait superieur a 2. Conclusion : Cette etude montre que l'hyperhomocysteinemie observee chez les patients atteints de MCV en Cote d'Ivoire est due dans 52;63 des cas a une carence nutritionnelle; notamment en acide folique. Le dosage plasmatique de l'acide folique et de l'homocysteine chez les patients atteints de MCV en particulier et chez l'Ivoirienne en general pourrait aider a la prevention des MCV et reduire les recidives


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares , Ácido Fólico , Homocisteína/administração & dosagem
4.
Neurochirurgie ; 60(6): 299-303, 2014 Dec.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25441709

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Intracranial empyema is a frequent complication of ear-nose-throat (ENT) infections. Limited studies have been carried-out on cerebral empyema during recent years in Senegal. Despite new imaging techniques, diagnostic and therapeutic problems as well as outcome still remain in our regions. We report our experience compared to that of the literature. The study focused on epidemiological aspects, difficulties in diagnosis and treatment as well as prognosis of this condition. METHODS: This was a retrospective study conducted from January 2008 to December 2011 of 100 clinical cases. Diagnosis was made based on contrast CT-scan. Twenty-one percent of patients received medical treatment alone, while 79% underwent surgery. The duration of the treatment varied from 4 to 8 weeks. The follow-up was clinical and radiological with a mean follow-up time of 12 months. RESULTS: Cerebral empyema represented 44.4 % of all intracranial suppuration cases and the mean age was 21 years. The etiology was ENT in 35%, meningitis 10%, unknown 25%. Localization was sub-dural in 57%, extra-dural in 22%, inter-hemispheric in 10% of the cases. Empyema was associated with an abscess in 7 cases. One case was located in the posterior fossa. The evolution was favorable in 78% of the cases and in 12.5% some neurologic sequelae were observed. Eleven patients died and 3% of the patients had recurrences. CONCLUSION: The frequency of intracranial empyema is still high in Senegal. Difficulties in diagnosis, therapeutics and low economic incomes account for the gravity of intracranial empyema. In spite of these risks, early stage and effective treatment is necessary to reduce the morbi-mortality, especially in young aged children.


Assuntos
Encefalopatias , Empiema , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Encefalopatias/diagnóstico , Encefalopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Encefalopatias/epidemiologia , Encefalopatias/terapia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Empiema/diagnóstico , Empiema/diagnóstico por imagem , Empiema/epidemiologia , Empiema/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Radiografia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto Jovem
5.
Neurochirurgie ; 60(5): 254-7, 2014 Oct.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25282515

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Since its advent, endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has been an effective alternative to shunt placement for the treatment of hydrocephalus. The aim of this study was to report the results of our experience with this technique in children in Senegal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 70 cases of children aged between 5 months to 15 years who were treated by ETV in the Neurosurgery Department of Fann Hospital in Dakar, between January 2010 to December 2012. The results were evaluated based on the clinical criteria of Drake and the Canadian Pediatric Neurosurgery Study Group. The mean follow-up duration was 24 months (9-32 months). RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was 29 months. A male predominance (sex-ratio 1/3) was observed. We also noted a macrocephaly in 64.4 % of cases, psychomotor retardation in 40 % and decreased vision in 31.4 %. Headache and vomiting were found in 42.8 % and 61.4 % respectively. The main etiology was a stenosis of the mesencephalon aqueduct (30 %), followed by a Dandy-Walker malformation (25.7 %). Significant intraoperative bleeding was found in 2.8 % of patients. The most common postoperative complication was CSF leakage (18.6 %), followed by infections (14.2 %). The success rate according to the clinical criteria of Drake was 71.4 %. This success rate was influenced by the age of patients and the hydrocephalus etiology. No deaths occurred. CONCLUSION: The endoscopic third ventriculostomy is a simple, safe and effective technique. Its advantages in terms of quality of life and morbidity compared with bypass valves makes it the technique of choice, particularly in developing countries.


Assuntos
Hidrocefalia/cirurgia , Neuroendoscopia , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos , Terceiro Ventrículo/cirurgia , Ventriculostomia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/diagnóstico , Lactente , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Retrospectivos , Senegal , Resultado do Tratamento
6.
Mali Med ; 29(3): 44-48, 2014.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30049102

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The cervical disc hernia is uncommon. Its diagnosis is usually easy. But his surgery known controversy between discectomy with or without graft associated or not osteosynthesis. Accordingly we report our experiment of this surgery through a small serie of 9 patients operated by anterior approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of nine (9) patients supported by an anterior cervical disk herniation between 2001 and 2006 at the General Hospital of Grand Yoff in Dakar. The diagnosis was made on clinical and cervical myéloscanner. The postoperative decline was between 1 and 5 years. RESULTS: The average age of patients was 43 years ranging from 20-68 years. A male prevalence (2/1) was noted. The majority of hernias was degenerative. It was mostly soft disc hernia that prevailed on floors C4-C5 and C5-C6. We always operated on the right side of the patient. We performed a discectomy of a floor in 8 cases and 2 floors in 1 case. The vertebral posterior longitudinal ligament was opened routinely. Graft with osteosynthesis was used in 4 cases. The outcome was good. A spontaneous fusion was noted in 7 cases. CONCLUSION: The surgical treatment of cervical disc hernia is usually anterior approach. It is usually associated with good postoperative results.


INTRODUCTION: La hernie discale cervicale est une pathologie peu fréquente. Son diagnostic est en général facile. Cependant sa prise en charge connaît des controverses entre discectomie avec ou sans greffe associée ou non à une ostéosynthèse. Dans cette optique nous rapportons notre expérience de cette chirurgie à travers une petite série de 9 patients opérés par voie antérieure pré-sterno-cléido-mastoïdienne. MATÉRIEL ET MÉTHODES: Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective portant sur 9 patients pris en charge par voie antérieure pour hernie discale cervicale entre 2001 et 2006 à l'Hôpital Général de Grand Yoff de Dakar. Le diagnostic avait été fait sur la clinique et le Myelo-scanner cervical. Le recul post-opératoire était compris entre 1 et 5 ans. RÉSULTATS: L'âge moyen des patients était de 43 ans avec des extrêmes de 20 à 68 ans. On notait une prédominance masculine (sexe ratio de 2/1). La majorité des hernies était d'origine dégénérative. Il s'agissait essentiellement des hernies discales molles qui prédominaient aux étages C4-C5 et C5-C6. Tous les patients ont été opérés par la droite. Nous avons réalisé une discectomie d'un étage dans 8 cas et de 2 étages dans 1 cas. Le ligament longitudinal vertébral postérieur était ouvert systématiquement. Une greffe avec ostéosynthèse a été utilisée dans 4 cas. L'évolution a été bonne. Une arthrodèse spontanée a été notée dans 7 cas. CONCLUSION: Le traitement chirurgical de la hernie discale se fait généralement par voie antérieure. Il est généralement associé à de bons résultats post-opératoires.

7.
Sciences de la santé ; 2(1): 14-18, 2014.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1271886

RESUMO

Les cephaloceles se definissent comme des hernies du contenu de la boite cranienne a travers un defect du crane. Le but de l'etude est de rapporter notre experience sur la prise en charge des cephaloceles et d'evaluer l'evolution du traitement chirurgical. Methode : trente enfants ont ete admis au service de neurochirurgie de fann sur une periode de 5 ans et demi pour prise en charge d'une cephalocele. Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective. Resultats : L'age moyen des patients a l'admission etait de 4 mois avec un sex-ratio de 0;9. Plus de 57 de meres avaient un age superieur a 30 ans. Le mariage consanguin a ete retrouve dans une proportion de 36;7. La supplementation durant la grossesse en fer acide folique a ete effective chez 81;48 des femmes. La localisation du defect osseux au niveau occipital etait retrouvee dans 70 contre 16;7 en fronto-ethmoidale; 10 en sincipitale et 3;3 en frontale unilaterale. Tous les patients ont beneficie d'une tomodensitometrie cerebrale et ont ete operes. Le recours a la derivation ventriculo-peritoneale a ete necessaire dans six cas (20) pour une hydrocephalie. L'evolution a ete favorable chez 29 patients (96;7). Un deces a ete constate apres la cure de la cephalocele. Le suivi post-operatoire a varie de 3 mois a 2 ans. Conclusion : Ce travail souligne la survenue de cephaloceles chez le 2eme enfant de la fratrie; une predominance de la localisation occipitale; ainsi que la rarete du diagnostic echographique antenatal. La prevention semble etre le meilleur traitement


Assuntos
Encefalopatias/diagnóstico , Encefalopatias/cirurgia , Gerenciamento Clínico
8.
Mali méd. (En ligne) ; 29(3): 36-39, 2014.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1265679

RESUMO

Introduction : La hernie discale cervicale est une pathologie peu frequente. Son diagnostic est en general facile. Cependant sa prise en charge connait des controverses entre disectomie avec ou sans greffe associee ou non a une osteosynthese. Dans cette optique nous rapportons notre experience de cette chirurgie a travers une petite serie de 9 patients operes par voie anterieure pre sterno cleido mastoidienne. Materiel et methodes : Il s'agissait d'une etude retrospective portant sur 9 patients pris en charge par voie anterieure pour hernie discale cervicale entre 2001 et 2006 a l'Hopital General de Grand Yoff de Dakar. Le diagnostic avait ete fait sur la clinique et le Myelo scanner cervical. Le recul post operatoire etait compris entre 1 et 5 ans. Resultats : L'age moyen des patients etait de 43 ans avec des extremes de 20 a 68 ans. On notait une predominance masculine (sexe ratio de 2/1). La majorite des hernies etait d'origine degenerative. Il s'agissait essentiellement des hernies discales molles qui predominaient aux etages C4 C5 et C5 C6. Tous les patients ont ete operes par la droite. Nous avons realise une discectomie d'un etage dans 8 cas et de 2 etages dans 1 cas. Le ligament longitudinal vertebral posterieur etait ouvert systematiquement. Une greffe avec osteosynthese a ete utilisee dans 4 cas. L'evolution a ete bonne. Une arthrodese spontanee a ete notee dans 7 cas. Conclusion : Le traitement chirurgical de la hernie discale se fait generalement par voie anterieure. Il est generalement associe a de bons resultats post operatoires


Assuntos
Relatos de Casos , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/diagnóstico , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/cirurgia
9.
Med Sante Trop ; 23(2): 206-10, 2013 May 01.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23816856

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiologic, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of spinal cord compression at the Lomé-Campus teaching hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed the files of all patients hospitalized for spinal cord compression at Lome-Campus teaching hospital from January 1, 1998, through December 31, 2007. RESULTS: 39 files were selected, mostly of men (77%). The mean age was 53 years (range: 22 to 79). Median time from the start of symptoms to hospital admission was 14.9 ± 24.5 weeks. The spinal cord compression was confirmed by myeloscan in 35 cases (90%), myelography in 2 (5%) and magnetic resonance imaging in 2 cases (5%). The thoracic spine was the most common site of involvement. The principal cause was malignant neoplasm (17 cases: 44%), followed by cervical spondylotic myelopathy (9 cases: 23%) and Pott's disease (7 cases: 18%). Only one patient underwent surgery. CONCLUSION: Spinal cord compression appears to be a rare condition in Togo. It is a true medical emergency and immediate intervention is required. Its management remains precarious and its prognosis poor.


Assuntos
Compressão da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico , Compressão da Medula Espinal/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Togo , Adulto Jovem
10.
Neurochirurgie ; 58(4): 272-4, 2012 Aug.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22652116

RESUMO

Human schistosomiasis is the second endemic disease after malaria. About 200 millions people are concerned, particularly in Africa, South America and Asia. Schistosomal spinal cord compression is under reported in Africa and not well known. Authors present the case of a 10-year-old boy with no suggestive past-medical story, admitted for spinal cord compression. MRI shows tumor like intra dural lesion. Schistosomal granuloma was found after lesion removal by posterior approach. Treatment was completed by praziquantel. Controversies of the treatment are presented.


Assuntos
Schistosoma haematobium , Esquistossomose Urinária/complicações , Compressão da Medula Espinal/etiologia , Animais , Antiplatelmínticos/uso terapêutico , Criança , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Paraparesia/etiologia , Praziquantel/uso terapêutico , Medula Espinal/patologia , Compressão da Medula Espinal/patologia , Coluna Vertebral/patologia , Espaço Subaracnóideo/patologia
11.
Mali Med ; 27(2): 35-40, 2012.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30049078

RESUMO

From January 2005 to December 2009, 20 patients have been treated for bilateral chronic subdural hematoma at the Grand Yoff General Hospital in Dakar, Senegal. This was a retrospective study concerning clinical, imaging, and therapeutic issues faced and comparing them to unilateral chronic subdural hematoma issues recorded during the same time period.Median age was 71 years old, ranging from 35 to 95 years old. 17 patients were male and were 3 female. Previous head trauma had been reported for 55% of the patients, high blood pressure - associated or not with diabetes mellitus - had been recorded in 45% of the patients.Clinical symptoms were marked by high intracranial pressure and motor deficits in 70% of cases and 40% showed a mental confusion.Brain CT scans were the key diagnostic tools; all patients undertook a scan and results demonstrated blood subdural collection with variable density in the right brain hemisphere (in 30% of cases).The focus of the surgical treatment was a bilateral burr hole, evacuation of the hematoma and no more than 3 days of postoperative drainage. The medical treatment consisted of an adapted hydro-electrolytic rehydration. The outcome of treatment was positive for 17 patients (85%), 2 patients suffered from subsequent hematoma and 1 patients passed away.


Nous rapportons une série rétrospective de 20 cas consécutifs d'hématomes sous-duraux bilatéraux recensés de Janvier 2005 à Décembre 2009 à l'Hôpital Général de Grand Yoff (HOGGY) de Dakar.Nous avons étudié les aspects étiologiques, cliniques, radiologiques, thérapeutiques et évolutifs et nous les avons comparés aux formes unilatérales recueillies pendant la même période.L'âge moyen de nos patients est de 71 ans avec des extrêmes de 37 à 95 ans, nous avons retrouvé 17 hommes soit 85% pour 3 femmes soit 15%.Les antécédents de traumatismes crânio-encéphaliques (TCE) ont été retrouvés dans 55% des cas, les antécédents d'hypertension artérielle (HTA) et/ou Diabète ont été retrouvés dans 45% des cas.Les signes cliniques sont marqués par l'hypertension intracrânienne dans 70% des cas, des troubles moteurs à type d'hémiparésie surtout dans 70% des cas, des troubles confusionnels dans 40% des cas.La Tomodensitométrie (TDM ou Scanner) a constitué la clef de voûte du diagnostic, elle a été pratiquée dans 100% des cas; elle a mis en évidence l'hématome avec une légère prédominance volumétrique à droite (30 %).Le traitement chirurgical a consisté en une tréphination ou une trépanation élargie à la gouge avec mise en place d'un drain de chaque côté dont la durée n'excède pas dans tous les cas 72 heures.Le traitement médical a consisté en une réhydratation hydro électrolytique adaptée.L'évolution a été favorable chez 17 patients (85 %); On note cependant deux (2) cas de récidive et un (1) décès.

12.
Odontostomatol Trop ; 32(126): 5-12, 2009 Jun.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20069961

RESUMO

The trigeminal neuralgia or "painful tic" of the face is an invalidating affection, which affects the quality of life of the patient. The odontologist must be able to diagnose it and take part in his good therapeutic assumption of responsibility. The diagnosis is sometimes difficult, being able to involve unsuited therapeutic methods prejudicial for the patient. The objective of our study was to analyse the clinical and therapeutic aspects of the trigeminal neuralgia. It was a transverse and descriptive study which 27 files of patients suffering of trigeminal neuralgia and treated in the odontology service of the General hospital of Grand-Yoff in Dakar between July 2002 and July 2008. We exploited the following parameters: the age, the sex, the oral state, duration of the symptoms, characteristics of the pain, the type of treatment. 22 patients of the 27 cases were female. The time of consultation was often late, the patients generally preferring begin with the traditional treatments. The neuralgia of V2 dominated the clinical picture, followed that neuralgia of V3. The pain was strictly unilateral, it was started by movement, speaking, eating or touching the trigger zone. The prescription of carbamazepine (Tegretol) was systematic, and constituted a true test diagnosis, it made possible to obtain an immediate sedation of the pains. In front of the medicamentous treatment failure, the alcoholization of the trigeminal branch has given good performances, indeed it made possible to obtain, a clear lull of more than 12 months for 9 patients out of the 10 who profited from it. The alcoholization of the trigeminal nerve remains an effective cure and constitutes an accessible alternative under our work conditions in Africa.


Assuntos
Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Carbamazepina/uso terapêutico , Etanol/administração & dosagem , Nervo Facial/fisiopatologia , Dor Facial/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções , Masculino , Nervo Mandibular/fisiopatologia , Nervo Maxilar/fisiopatologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nervo Oftálmico/fisiopatologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Senegal , Razão de Masculinidade , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/complicações , Neuralgia do Trigêmeo/diagnóstico , Adulto Jovem
14.
Mali méd. (En ligne) ; 23(4): 11-16, 2008.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1265556

RESUMO

Nous rapportons ainsi une serie retrospective de 88 cas de patients porteurs d'hematomes sous-duraux chroniques recenses de Janvier 2000 a Decembre 2005 a l'hopital general de grand Yoff (HOGGY). Nous nous sommes proposes d'etudier les particularites cliniques; diagnostiques; therapeutiques et evolutives a l'ere du scanner. L'age moyen est de 67ans avec des extremes de 23 a 95 ans. Nous avons note 77 hommes soit 87;5pour 11 femmes soit 12;5. Les antecedents de traumatismes cranio-encephaliques (TCE) ont ete retrouves dans 56;91des cas; ceux d'hypertension arterielle et/ou diabete ont ete notes dans 40; 85des cas. Nous n'avons pas retrouve de notion d' ethylisme chronique avoue par nos patients La symptomatologie clinique etait dominee par le syndrome deficitaire moteur dans 77;64des cas; les troubles psychiatriques a type de desorientation temporo-spatiale; d'amnesie; de delire onirique rencontres dans 40;58des cas; les formes pseudo-tumorales avec hypertension intracranienne (HIC) suivie ou non de baisse de l'acuite visuelle (BAV) dans 59;26des cas. Le diagnostic d'hematome sous-dural chronique (HSDC) a ete etabli par la tomodensitometrie (TDM). Cet examen retrouve 68 cas d'HSDC unilateral soit 72;27et 20 cas d'HSDC bilateral soit 27;72. Le traitement chirurgical a consiste en une vidange de la collection apres trepanation suivie d'un drainage n'excedant pas 72 heures. La rehydratation hydro electrolytique abondante a constitue le traitement medical. Sur le plan evolutif; nous notons une mortalite de 3;97et un taux de recidive a 10. L'HSDC est une affection geriatrique frequente mais tres peu connue en medecine omnipraticienne. Le traitement chirurgical est simple. Son evolution souvent benigne pourrait etre greffee d'une morbimortalite appreciable en l'absence d'un diagnostic precoce


Assuntos
Hematoma Subdural , Hematoma Subdural/diagnóstico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
15.
Med Trop (Mars) ; 67(5): 485-9, 2007 Oct.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18225734

RESUMO

The posterior cerebral fossa is an uncommon location for cerebral abscess. In most cases diagnosis is made at the encapsulation stage with the risk of life-threatening tonsillar herniation. The purpose of this retrospective study was to describe our experience in the management of four cases of abscess located in the posterior cerebral fossa between January 2000 and December 2004. All patients benefited from clinical examination and radiological study (CT-scan). Surgical treatment performed in all cases consisted of trepano-puncture of the abscess. The minimum duration of post-operative follow-up was 6 months. Mean patient age was 38.75 years. All patients presented infectious syndrome and intracranial hypertension. The male:female sex ratio was 3:1. A history of chronic middle ear otitis was noted in two patients. Diagnosis of abscess in the posterior cerebral fossa was confirmed by CT-scan in 2 cases. Cholesteatoma and triventricular hydrocephaly were noted in 2 cases. All patients benefited from trepano-puncture of the abscess. Bacteriologic study of pus was positive for Staphylococcus aureus in 1 case, and Providencia Sp associated with Bactéroïdes fragilis in another. Second-stage radical mastoidectomy was performed in 2 cases. One patient died. The outcome was favorable in 3 cases. Because of the small size of the posterior cerebral fossa, abscess in that location requires emergency treatment. Delay can be life-threatening due to the risk of obstructive hydrocephaly and tonsillar herniation.


Assuntos
Abscesso Encefálico/microbiologia , Abscesso Encefálico/cirurgia , Fossa Craniana Posterior/microbiologia , Fossa Craniana Posterior/cirurgia , Adolescente , Idoso , Bacteroides fragilis/isolamento & purificação , Abscesso Encefálico/diagnóstico por imagem , Criança , Colesteatoma da Orelha Média/complicações , Fossa Craniana Posterior/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/complicações , Masculino , Processo Mastoide/cirurgia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Otite Média/complicações , Providencia/isolamento & purificação , Punções , Estudos Retrospectivos , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
16.
Mali Med ; 22(2): 54-7, 2007.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19437834

RESUMO

The encephaloceles belong to dysraphic state abnormalities. Publications on this issue are rare and sparse in Africa. The aim of our study is to describe clinical patterns of occipital encephaloceles, and emphasize on surgery. We collect retrospectively a population of 16 patients. Cranial Ultrasound Echographia has been done for all of them. Only 3 patients got brain CT scan. Medium age was 2 months. The sex ratio was coted 1. The consanguinity was noted in 37% of the cases. The pedicular aspects were more frequent. With neuroimaging studies the diagnosis was reached everytime. It showed hydrocephalus on 3 patients. 15 patients have been operated. One dead before going to surgery. The outcome was good for 13 patients (81%). But 3 patients (18%) deaded, and among them, 2 deaded during post surgery period. A better clinical evaluation showed be done using MRI. The control of epidemiology of these conditions depend on the improvement of the quality of eating in particularly in women bearing child, and performing a genetic counseling.


Assuntos
Encefalocele/diagnóstico , Encefalocele/cirurgia , Anormalidades Múltiplas , Diagnóstico por Imagem , Encefalocele/mortalidade , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos
17.
Neurochirurgie ; 51(5): 471-5, 2005 Nov.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16327680

RESUMO

Mycetomas inflammatory-like tumors presenting as fistulas found in the skin and soft tissues. Inoculation, generally in tropical areas, occurs by skin injury. The foot is the main infection site. Other uncommon infection sites include the cranial and cervical areas which are rare. We present three cases of cranial and cervical mycetoma. Clinical sign were dominated by headache, cervical pain and cervico-occipital tumefaction with formation of pus and granules (red in two cases, black in one). A motor deficit was noted in one patient. Radiographic examinations including CT scan showed extensive mass lesions, associated with bone destruction. Laboratory tests identified Leptospheria senegalensis in one patient and Actinomadura pelletieri in two. A medicosurgical procedure was performed. The course was unfavourable in one patient. Several factors are important for treating such infections: early diagnosis, improvement of the social and economic environment, use of new drugs.


Assuntos
Doenças Ósseas Infecciosas/diagnóstico , Vértebras Cervicais , Micetoma/diagnóstico , Crânio , Doenças da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico , Doenças da Coluna Vertebral/microbiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Doenças Ósseas Infecciosas/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças da Coluna Vertebral/complicações
18.
Afr. j. neurol. sci. (Online) ; 24(2): 28-32, 2005.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1257400

RESUMO

Introduction : L'hématome sous dural est une complication observée lors du traitement chirurgical de l'hydrocéphalie. Avant l'avènement de la tomodensitométrie à Dakar, une incidence de 0,8 % était trouvée. L'objectif de notre travail est de réévaluer cette incidence à la lumière de cet examen et de déterminer les divers facteurs étiologiques. Patients et Méthode : Nos patients ont été opérés par dérivation ventriculo-péritonéale et sont âgés de 8 à 30 ans au moment du diagnostic. Quatre sont de sexe féminin. Le signe le plus fréquent est l'hypertension intra-cranienne. La tomodensitométrie a établi le diagnostic dans tous les cas. Elle montrait dans 4 cas, un hématome unilatéral et dans deux cas, une forme bilatérale. D'importantes calcifications sont retrouvées dans deux cas. Cinq patients ont été opérés et nous notons deux décès. Les valves utilisées sont à débit de drainage fixe. Résultat : Il existe une augmentation de l'incidence par rapport à notre première série datant de 12 ans. Par rapport aux autres systèmes de drainage, nous ne notons pas de différence significative. Aucun facteur étiologique déterminant n'est retrouvé. Conclusion Cette complication pouvant pauci-symptomatique, la réalisation d'examens tomodensitométriques systématiques permettrait de constater une plus grande fréquence de cette complication


Assuntos
Senegal , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Derivação Ventriculoperitoneal/complicações , Derivação Ventriculoperitoneal/diagnóstico , Derivação Ventriculoperitoneal/etiologia
19.
Dakar Med ; 49(2): 129-31, 2004.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15786623

RESUMO

Meningioma is an uncommon tumor of childhood. In this group, supra tentorial forms predominate. We report the case of a 14 years old boy without any past medical history. He presented headaches, vomiting and cerebellar syndrome. CT scan shows cerebellar tumor, enhanced by contrast and surrounded by edema, looking like tuberculoma. After fail of tuberculosis treatment, the boy is operated by suboccipital approach. Histology and immuno histochemical examination show fibroblastic meningioma. Even if it is rare, meningioma can occur in childhood, without neurofibromatosis disease. It can present many points of likeness with tuberculoma and therefore biopsy is mandatory before tuberculosis drugs giving.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Cerebelares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Cerebelares/cirurgia , Neoplasias Meníngeas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Meníngeas/cirurgia , Adolescente , Neoplasias Cerebelares/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Cefaleia/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Meníngeas/patologia , Tuberculoma/diagnóstico , Vômito/etiologia
20.
Dakar Med ; 48(2): 131-3, 2003.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15770808

RESUMO

A retrospective study of 9 cases of fronto-ethmoïdal encephaloceles is reported. Cases have been gathered from the files of Dakar University Neurosurgical Unit. Fronto-ethmoïdal encephaloceles were about 9.8% of all encephaloceles. In all the cases the exit hole from the anterior cranial fossa is at the site of the foramen caecum. The location of the tumor was fronto-nasal in seven patients and naso-ethmoïdal in two. The cranio-facial deformity consisted of increase of local volume and a lateral displacement of medial canthus in six cases, a down ward drift of the tip of the nose in two cases and one case of orbital hypertelorism. Eight cases were meningo-encephaloceles and the last a meningo-encephocystocele. Diola was the most ethnic group involved. All patients have been operated by a simple neurosurgical procedure without obstruction of the cranial defect nor bony displacement. In five cases mental and aesthetic results were good when operation was done during the first year of live. The authors stress early surgical treatment for fronto-ethmoïdal encephaloceles.


Assuntos
Encefalocele , Seio Etmoidal , Seio Frontal , Pré-Escolar , Encefalocele/diagnóstico , Encefalocele/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Senegal
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