[Simple, highly specific procedures for radioimmunochemical estimation of hypophyseal protein hormones]. / Prostye vysokospetsifechnye metody radioimmunokhimicheskogo opredeleniia belkovykh gormonov gipofiza.

Immunosorbents, prepared by means of polymerization of antiserum proteins using chlorcarbonic acid isobutyl ester, were used to increased reproducibility and simplicity of the radioimmunochemical procedures for estimation of the estimation of the hypophyseal hormones. In the types of the radioimmunoassay (RIA) studied the immunosorbents were prepared by means of polymerization of the first and second antibodies. The universal immunosorbent, suitable to estimation of various antigens, was prepared from the second antibodies. The procedure enabled to use as the first antibodies the blood sera with comparatively low antibody titre. High specificity of the RIA procedures described was demonstrated in estimation of bovine hypophyseal hormones - lactogenous (LTH), somatotropic (STH) and beta-lipotropine. The calibration curves were linear in the concentration range from 2 to 20 ng/ml for LTH, and from 1 to 10 ng/ml for STH and beta-lipotropine. Estimation of LTH by means of the RIA procedure required 3 hrs, and of STH and beta-lipotropine - 16 hrs.

[Bovine epiphyseal lactotropin, biologically and immunochemically related to pituitary prolactin]. / Laktotropin iz épifiza byka, biologicheski i immunokhimicheski rodstvennyki prolaktinu gipofiza.

A substance biologically and immunologically related to the hypophysis lactogenic hormone (HLH) was detected in a purified preparation obtained by extracting the bovine pineal glands (epiphyses) with acidified acetonic saline fractionation, precipitation in isoelectric point and gel filtration. Bioactivity of the pineal gland lactogen was evaluated according to its ability for stimulating the pigeon thyroid gland proliferation. Equal doses of the pineal gland hormone and HLH produced the same biological effect. The lactogen immunochemical properties were studied by gel precipitation in agar gel, immunoelectrophoresis and radioimmunoconcurrent technique. Absolute identity of the hormone immunochemical properties was revealed. Molecular weights of both lactogens, determined by chromatography on Sefadex C-75, were equal. The average HLH content in the organ, determined by radioimmunochemistry, was 4.7 X 10(5) micrograms for the hypophysis and 9.6 X 10(2) micrograms for the pineal gland. HLH content, calculated per 1 mg protein, was 3 X 10(3) micrograms for the hypophysis and 24 micrograms for the pineal gland. The hormone content in the epiphysis was 1000 times higher than HLH concentration in the blood serum.

[Extrapituitary localization of luteinizing hormone in rats]. / Vnegipofizarnaia lokalizatsiia liuteiniziruiushchego gormona u krys.

After hypophysectomy luteinizing hormone /LH/ did not disappear from rat blood serum within 2 months; but concentration of the hormone decreased 2-fold. Administration of luliberine into the hypophysectomized rats led to approximately 3-fold increase of the LH concentration in blood serum within 20 min. The hormones from blood serum of the hypophysectomized rats, from hypophysis and blood serum of intact rats exhibited similarity in their immunochemical and chromatographic properties. The data obtained suggest the presence of extrahypophyseal sources of LN in rats. By means of radioimmunochemical procedure immunoreactive LH was found in 14 structures of the central nervous-system/brain cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus, medulla oblongata etc/as well as in some peripheral tissues and glands/heart, liver, pancreas etc/. Chromatographically pure LH from liver tissue of the hypophysectomized rats exhibited the biological activity similar to that to the hypophyseal hormone, which was estimated by stimulation of testosterone biosynthesis in the testicular tissue in vitro.

[Luteinizing hormone content in the pineal body depending on the physiological state of rats]. / Soderzhanie liuteniziruiushchego gormona v pineal'noi zheleze v zavisimosti ot fiziologicheskogo sostoianiia krys.

The changes in the luteinizing hormone (LH) level in the pineal gland were studied in rats depending on their sex and age, and under conditions of hypophysectomy or gonadectomy. In golden hamsters these changes were studied during the sexual cycle. The LH level was determined by the radioimmunological method. The gonadotropin content in animals aged under 15 days was independent of sex. At the age of 23 days the LH content was greater in the female animals than in the male, whereas in 30- and 60-day female rats it was decreased in comparison with that in the male animals. The LH concentration (per 1 mg of protein) was maximal in the pineal gland extracts of 5-day male and female rats. Gonadectomy of rats led to an approximately double elevation of the LH content in the pineal gland on the 13th postoperative day both in male and female rats. This index was restored to control values three weeks after the operation. From the onset to the termination of diestrus in hamsters the LH content in the pineal gland decreased from 215 to 75 pg/organ, and after diestrus followed by proestrus and estrus it rose to 180 pg/organ (P less than 0.05). A reduction of the LH content to the 10th postoperative day followed hypophysectomy in male and female pubertant rats; the gonadotropin content was restored in two weeks.

[Gonadotropin from the bovine pineal body. Evidence of its similarity with the luteinizing hormone of the pituitary gland]. / Gonadotropin iz pineal'nykh zhelez byka. Dokazatel'stva identichnosti s luteiniziruiushchim gormonom gipofiza.

Gonadotropin affiliated by biological and immunochemical properties to the luteinizing hormone of the hypophysis was revealed in the purified extracts from the bovine pineal glands. Biological properties of gonadotropin from the pineal glands were assessed by the reactions specific of the luteinizing hormone. Immunochemical properties of gonadotropin were studied by means of gel-precipitation in agar gel, immunoelectrophoresis and radioimmunochemical analysis. It was found that the specific content of gonadotropin in the epiphysis was 80 times lower than the specific content of the luteinizing hormone in the hypophysis, but exceeded the LH concentration in the blood serum 555 times and in the cerebrospinal fluid 6.8 times. Immunoreactive LH was absent in the extracts of the brain cortex, the liver and the ovaries. A theoretical interpretation of a possible physiological role of the LH-like gonadotropin in the endocrine regulation of the reproductive function of the organism is given in this work.