[Experience of application of nonsuture electrowelding technologies in thoracic surgery].

Experience of application of nonsuture electrowelding technologies (NEWT) was analyzed while performing open and miniinvasive thoracoscopic operations in 116 patients. No essential differences were revealed while comparing domestic and foreign electrowelding surgical instruments. Possibility of wide application of NEWT in miniinvasive videothoracoscopic surgery was demonstrated.

[Application of electrowelding technologies in videothoracoscopic pulmonary surgery].

Experience of videothoracoscopic pulmonary resection, using nonsuture electrowelding technology in 42 patients, was summarized. Using such technology application have guaranteed the lowering of prime cost of endoscopic intervention, in several patients it made possible to avoid a mechanical suturing application. After the operation all the patients are alive, the morbidity rate was 7.1%, a stationary treatment of a patient have constituted 5.7 days at average.

[Treatment of post-traumatical coagulated hemothorax. Videothoracoscopy or open surgery].

Comparative estimation of videothoracic and open surgery efficacy in the treatment of post-traumatic coagulated hemothorax have been shown in 612 patients. According to the achieved results, effectiveness of videothoracoscopy (92.4%) is better than open surgeries. Apart from that, reduction in the hospitalization days (9.6 days compared to 11.5 days in open surgeries), frequency of complications (4.5% and 13.8%), traumatic intervention and rehabilitation time. All the patients alive. Best results are achieved using videothoracoscopical operations at the earliest in posttraumatic coagulated hemothorax.

[Application of combined videothoracoscopic resection in thoracic surgery].

The method of combined videothoracoscopic atypical pulmonary resection, permitting to apply endostaplers and standard staplers in one intervention procedure, was elaborated. The method was applied in 47 patients in various pulmonary diseases without severe complications, all the patients are alive. Economic expedience of the method application, permitting to reduce usage of endostaplers, was shown.

[Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgeries for thoracic diseases and trauma].

The experience of videothoracoscopic operations, performed for various diseases of the thoracic organs, was summarized. The reduction of the operation traumaticity, the complications rate, lethality, the patients rehabilitation duration permits to consider videothoracoscopic operations as the method of choice in many thoracic diseases and trauma.

[The performance of video-assisted thoracoscopic operations for later complications of thoracic trauma].

There was presented the experience of videothoracoscopic operations performance in 62 patients, suffering late complications of thoracic trauma, which had occurred after perforating woundings--in 16 and the closed trauma--in 46. Good clinical effect was achieved in 98% of injured persons. All the patients are alive.

[Role of video-assisted thoracoscopic operation in the treatment of later complications of the chest injury].

The experience reported of videothoracoscopical operations in 62 patients with late complications of chest trauma occurring after penetrating open wounds of chest--in 16 patients and in 46 one--with closed trauma. Good clinical effects achieved in 98% of the patients. The reported complications after video-assisted thoracoscopical operations--4 purulent inflammation of thoracoportal incisions, 3--marginal pleuritis. After the operation all the patients are alive.

[The role of videothoracoscopic operations in diagnosis and treatment of penetrating thoracic trauma].

The experience of videothoracoscopic operations performance on the base of the regional hospital thoracic department in 62 injured persons, suffering penetrating thoracic trauma, is adduced. Tactics and methods of treatment of these patients, using modern technologies and endoscopic interventions are depicted. Comparative analysis of the various methods efficacy was conducted, there results, advantages and faults were estimated. The recommendations concerning application of methods of treatment in various clinical situations are given.

[Possibilities of videothoracoscopic pulmonary resection in thoracic surgery].

The experience of videothoracoscopic pulmonary resection performance in various diseases in 183 patients was summarized. The methods of endoscopic and videoassisted pulmonary resection, including those conducted for peripheral cancer, using home-made and foreign suture apparatuses, were depicted. The indications were adduced for performance of diagnostic and curative videothoracoscopic operations, possibilities of their application, advantages in comparison with open operative procedures were adduced.

[Surgical treatment of pulmonary echinococcosis].

The experience of surgical treatment of the pulmonary echinococcosis (PE) at 515 patients is generalized. Character of operative intervention at PE depends on cyst's localization and presence of complications. The method of echinococcectomy with the cappitonnage of fibrous capsule, which is the most effective method of PE surgical treatment, is expounded. The methods of fibrous capsule anti-parasitogenic treatment are described: chemical (10% solution of sodium chloride, chlorhexidinum, betalin), physical (laser radiation, stream of hot air), being most effective, simple and accessible. The methods of videothoracoscopic (VTO) and video-assisted echinococcectomy (VAE), at which application permits the rehabilitation period of patients diminishes considerably, are expounded. The amount of postoperative complications at VTO and VAE made 16.7%, at open echinococcectomy--2.7%. Lethality was 0.2% (one patient died).

[Videothoracoscopic interventions in the treatment of pleural empyema].

The experience of treatment of patients, suffering an acute or chronic pleural empyema (PE), using modern videothoracoscopic technique, was presented. The methods of operative interventions performance, using general narcosis or local anesthesia, in different severity of affection and etiology of purulent process were depicted. Comparative estimation of videothoracoscopic operations vs other methods, performed for PE, was performed. Intraoperative AIG-laser coagulation and electrocoagulation of pleural fistulas were applied for the treatment efficacy rising. There were noted the treatment efficacy rising, relatively low rate of postoperative complications (7.5%), the shortening of the patients stationary treatment period as well as postoperative rehabilitation and disability periods. All the patients are alive.

[Surgical treatment of esophageal rupture of different localization].

The results of treatment of 37 patients, suffering esophageal rupture (ER), which had occurred due to foreign body perforation, thoracic and neck trauma consequences, iatrogenic damage, chemical burn perforation, and 12 patients with Boehrhaave syndrome, are presented. The complex of roentgenological methods was applied for the ER investigation. Surgical methods and operative accesses, depending on the esophageal damage level, are depicted. The esophageal lower third rupture constitutes the most prognostically unfavorable one.

[The role of videothoracoscopy in diagnosis and treatment of metastatic tumoral pleuritis].

The experience of diagnosis and treatment of 108 patients, suffering malignant metastatic exudative pleuritis, is presented. Different variants of pleuropulmonary biopsy, performed under local anesthesia and narcosis, are suggested. Special attention is dedicated to various methods of pleurodesis, performed as a variant of palliative treatment and prophylaxis of exudation. Comparative characteristics on efficacy of various methods of pleurodesis and the others are adduced. Simple methods, using chemopreparations, must be preferred while choosing the pleurodesis method. All the patients are alive.

[Experience of surgical treatment of the heart and pericardium wounds].

Results of treatment of 120 injured persons with the heart and pericardium wounding were analysed. Issues of diagnosis and treatment of the heart and pericardium wounding were reviewed. Efficacy of treatment of the heart and pericardium wounding depends on the time gap between the trauma moment and the specialized surgical aid delivery. Diagnostic measures for the possible heart and pericardium wounding ought to be minimal. The established heart and pericardium wounding diagnosis, and sometimes the possibility of such wounding, constitute indication for performance of urgent operative intervention. All the heart woundings must be sutured and pericardial cavity drained.

[Surgical treatment of spontaneous and traumatic pneumothorax]. / Khirurgicheskoe lechenie spontannogo i travmaticheskogo pnevmotoraksa.

The ten-year experience of the regional hospital thoracic department in treatment of 723 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax and 678 injured persons, suffering complicated thoracic trauma, was summarizd. The tactic and methods of treatment of such patients, using modern technologies and endoscopic operations, was depicted. Comparative analysis of the different methods efficacy, their results, advantages and faults estimation were conducted. Recommendations for application of every method of treatment in various clinical situations were adduced.

[Synchronous two-team surgeries of cancer and cicatricial stenosis of the esophagus]. / Odnomomentnoe vypolnenie dvumia brigadami operatsii po povodu raka i rubtsovogo stenoza pishchevoda.

The experience of two-brigade operations concerning a cancer of the esophagus and its cicatrical strictures in 47 patients is reduced. The method of operations performation and their advantage above one-brigade interventions is circumscribed. The complications, and also their matching with standard procedures of operative measures are reduced. The prospects for the development of two-brigade operations are construed.

[Experience of surgical treatment of the thymic gland tumors]. / Opyt khirurgicheskogo lecheniia opukholei vilochkovoi zhelezy.

The forty-years experience of treatment of 125 patients with thymic gland tumors was summarized, in 113 of them thymoma was revealed. In the disease of I-II stages the five-year survival index had constituted 75.6%, and in III-IV stages the method of choice is combined treatment, after which the five-years survival index does not exceed 31.2%. It is necessary to perform additional studying of factors, influencing the result of treatment of the thymic gland tumor.

[Treatment of acute purulent mediastinitis]. / Lechenie ostrogo gnoinogo mediastinita.

Results of treatment of 37 patients with advanced purulent mediastinitis are presented. The cause of mediastinitis in 27 patients was perforation of the esophagus, in 10--purulent diseases of head and neck. Lethal outcome was in 9 (24.3%) cases. Sepsis and progression of mediastinitis were the main causes of lethal outcomes.