RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Provisions of medical direction and clinical services for ultramarathons require specific attention to heat illness. Heat stress can affect athlete performance negatively, and heat accumulation without acclimatization is associated with the development of exertional heat stroke (EHS). In order to potentially mitigate the risk of this safety concern, the Jungle Marathon (Para, Brazil) instituted mandatory rest periods during the first two days of this 7-day, staged, Brazilian ultramarathon. METHODS: Race records were reviewed retrospectively to determine the number of runners that suffered an emergency medical complication related to heat stress and did not finish (DNF) the race. Review of records included three years before and three years after the institution of these mandatory rest periods. RESULTS: A total of 326 runners competed in the Jungle Marathon during the 2008-2013 period of study. During the pre-intervention years, a total of 46 athletes (21%) DNF the full race with 25 (54.3%) cases attributed to heat-related factors. During the post-intervention years, a total of 26 athletes (24.3%) DNF the full race with four (15.4%) cases attributed to heat-related factors. CONCLUSION: Mandatory rest stops during extreme running events in hot or tropical environments, like the Jungle Marathon, are likely to improve athlete safety and improve the heat acclimatization process.
Assuntos
Atletas , Transtornos de Estresse por Calor/prevenção & controle , Esforço Físico , Descanso/fisiologia , Corrida , Segurança , Brasil , Documentação , Humanos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
We designed and synthesized a series of indole-2-amide-based compounds that antagonize interaction between the Dishevelled (Dvl) PDZ domain and a peptide derived from the natural PDZ ligand Frizzled-7 (Fz7). These compounds inhibit Tcf-mediated transcription activated by exogenous Dvl via the biochemical antagonism. We confirmed tumor cell-selective activation of caspases by these compounds.