Signature of real-time PCR in detection of Trichomonas vaginalis infection and its association with human papillomavirus genotype 16.

OBJECTIVE: Infection with Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) is the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infection in the world. The objective of the study was to investigate the incidence of TV infection and its association with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in a sample of Egyptian females. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 96 Egyptian females suspected for trichomoniasis were involved in our study. Vaginal washouts and cervical (cytobrush) samples were obtained from all patients and examined for T. vaginalis by direct wet mount, modified Diamond's culture medium, and real-time PCR. Cervical (cytobrush) samples were examined for HPV using real-time PCR. RESULTS: Out of 96 patients, 28 (29%) was positive for T. vaginalis by real-time PCR. HPV was detected in 33 patients (34.4%); 31 cases (32.3%) were infected with HPV of genotype 16, whereas only two cases (2.1%) had genotype 18 infection. A significant association was found between TV and HPV infection [Odds ratio (OR)=10.58; 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.819 - 29.29; p<0.001]. CONCLUSIONS: When it comes to diagnosing trichomoniasis in a susceptible population, real-time PCR is more reliable than traditional standard approaches. A significant association between TV and HPV infection was found. Further research into the processes by which these two organisms interact at the cellular level could be revealed.

Use of pethidine as an intravenous regional anesthetic.

Pethidine 100 mg in 30-40 ml saline was given in a group of patients by the conventional technique of intravenous regional anesthesia. Fourty percent of the patients did not feel any form of pain or discomfort, 26.7% experienced only vague sensations which did not call for additional drugs but 13.3% felt some form of pain or discomfort for which diazepam was given and was enough for surgery to be completed. In the rest of the patients (20%) there was intolerable pain for which patients were given general anesthesia. This last category was operated upon for recent fractures or digital conditions and it is known that intravenous regional anesthesia using conventional local anesthetics for such patients usually fails. In a control group in which 30-40 ml saline without pethidine were injected, there was complete failure of the technique.

Hepatic histochemistry after chloroform effects of pretreatment with an enzyme inducer.

Chloroform anesthesia induced some histochemical changes in hepatic lobules in the form of diminution in succinic dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase activities accompanied by an increase in alpha esterase activity. In this respect more manifest changes were observed as a result of the delayed effect of chloroform as well as after administration of the inducer.

Anaesthesia for condylectomy: a technique for blind nasal intubation.

A method of blind nasal intubation, using a muscle relaxant, has been described. The method is recommended in the absence of upper respiratory tract obstruction. If the anaesthesiologist does not have enough courage to administer a relaxant in the presence of ankylosis of the jaw, he can induce anaesthesia by an inhalational agent and if obstruction is not detected a muscle relaxant can safely be given to make intubation more easy and less traumatic.