Pregnancy and umbilical cord pathology: structural and functional parameters of the umbilical cord.

Scientific research in the field of physiology and pathology of the umbilical cord is quite limited and imperfect. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the histological architecture of the pathological umbilical cord and investigate the relationship between the main parameters and placental postnatal macromorphometric characteristics, which serve as a reflection of placental dysfunction. Four groups of patients were included, each undergoing a postnatal histological and topographic examination of the umbilical cord: Wharton's jelly edema (10 samples), velamentous cord insertion (10 samples), single umbilical artery (10 samples), and physiological pregnancy (10 samples). Compared to the control group, all newborn groups exhibited changes in umbilical vessel morphology, characterized by an increased Wagenworth index and a decreased Kernohan index. The functional indices of the umbilical vessels were found to be most severely affected in cases of Wharton's jelly edema. In cases of single umbilical artery, the changes in vascular functional parameters indicated their compensatory remodeling with the highest Wagenworth and Kernohan indices of the umbilical vein. Deviation from the normal average placental weight was observed in cases of Wharton's jelly volume pathology or velamentous cord insertion. However, in the case of a single umbilical artery, there were no significant deviations in the macromorphometry of the placenta.

Probiotics and NLRP3 mRNA inflammasome levels in women with endometriosis-related infertility undergoing assisted reproductive technologies.

This research was conducted at Bukovinian State Medical University and the Centre of Reproductive Medicine and included a total of 30 infertile women. The control group consisted of 10 women with tubal infertility resulting from a prior history of inflammation, who, following a comprehensive clinical and laboratory assessment, exhibited no other underlying health conditions and could be regarded as essentially healthy individuals. Participants in the control group ranged from 21 to 42 years, with an average age of 29.75 years. The control group did not receive the probiotic Femina Probiz. The main group, on the other hand, included 20 women diagnosed with external genital endometriosis who were undergoing assisted reproductive technologies. These patients were administered the probiotic Femina Probiz manufactured by Unic Biotech Ltd in India. They were instructed to take one tablet containing 10×10^9 Lactobacillus organisms twice daily for one month as part of their preparatory treatment before proceeding with assisted reproductive technologies. The levels of NLRP3 inflammasome were measured before and after this preparatory phase. The incidence of primary infertility was significantly higher in patients belonging to the main group.

The informativeness of the Johns-matrix image of laser autofluorescence in blood plasma films for early diagnosis of endometriosis associated with infertility.

We used Jones-matrix images of protein networks of blood plasma films obtained from laser autofluorescence and determined the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and prognostication of positive and negative results. Our study aimed (1) to develop and substantiate new approaches for the diagnosis of endometriosis by improving the methods of Jones-matrix mapping of laser-induced auto-fluorescence and (2) to develop statistical approaches for analyzing the distribution of values of the true component of Jones-matrix images of blood plasma. Biological preparations were performed for two groups: 35 samples from control group 1 (women with infertility of unknown origin) and 85 samples from group 2 with endometriosis (women with infertility and endometriosis). The strength of the Jones-matrix method of autofluorescence mapping of plasma proteins taken from both groups was maximal for the decisions determined based on the calculation of the statistical moment of the 4th order, for statistical moment Z4, characterizing the sharpness of the peak distribution of the polycrystalline component of the plasma film. Comparison with the similar informative data of the Jones-matrix laser autofluorescence method of histological sections of the endometrial biopsy under conditions of blind endometriosis diagnosis revealed this method of analysis highly informative. Therefore, this technique can be used in screening studies to form a risk group.

State of hormonal balance in adolescent girls with menstrual function disorders associated with obesity.

Investigation of the mechanisms promoting the development of menstrual function disorders associated with obesity in adolescent girls is one of the most important issues of modern medicine. This study included 110 patients. 79 patients aged 12-18 with menstrual disorders associated with obesity were divided into two groups: group 1: 46 patients with apparent signs of hyperandrogenism, group 2: 33 patients without clinical manifestations of hyperandrogenism. The control group included 31 girls of the same age with a regular menstrual cycle. The complex of hormone examination of adolescent girls included determination of serum content: gonadotropic hormones (luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin (PRL), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), progesterone (PR), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; insulin (In) - radioisotope method on a gamma counter "Narcotest" (reagents "IMMUNOTECH", Czech Republic). We identified hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance in patients with menstrual function impairment associated with obesity. In group I, the adiponectin level exceeded the values of the control group (p<0.05). The results revealed a decrease in A/L in group I - 5.4 times compared with patients in group II (p<0.05) and 4.3 times - compared with the control group (p<0.05). The results revealed a decrease in A/L among girls in the group I with MFI associated with obesity - 4.3 times - compared with girls in the control group (p<0,05).