[Congenital and genetic related causes of end-stage renal disease--data from Polish Registry of Renal Rreplacement Therapy in Children 2000-2004]. / Genetycznie uwarunkowane i wrodzone choroby nerek prowadzace do schylkowej niewydolnosci nerek--dane z polskiego rejestru dzieci leczonych nerkozastepczo (2000-2004).

UNLABELLED: One of the objectives of Polish Registry of Renal Replacement Therapy in Children established on 31st Dec. 2000 was to collect complete data on etiology of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in polish children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data on 469 patients (251 boys, 218 girls) aged 0-22 years treated with renal replacement therapy (RRT) at 13 pediatric dialysis units in Poland from 2000 to 2004 were analyzed. The mean age at start of dialysis was 10 years and 3 months. Renal diseases were defined according to EDTA coding system. Data is presented for the whole group, in 5-year age groups and separately for both sexes. RESULTS: Congenital and genetic renal diseases were the cause of ESRF in 56% of the polish population of children and adolescents on RRT. 39% of causes were acquired diseases, 5% remained unidentified. Congenital and genetic causes dominated in children < 5 years of age (71%). They accounted for 49%, 61% and 45% of causes in the consecutive 5-year age groups. The most numerous group of congenital diseases leading to ESRF were uropathies 37% and 25% of causes in the consecutive age groups. In boys the most frequent uropathy was obstructive uropathy (25%), the majority caused by posterior urethral valves. In girls the most frequent uropathies were reflux nephropathy (10%) and nephropathy secondary to neurogenic bladder (9%). Uropathies were followed by renal hypo-dysplasia without urinary tract anomalies (11%) and cystic diseases (10%). CONCLUSIONS: Congenital kidney anomalies and genetic diseases are the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in children up to 15 years of age.

[Left ventricular hypertrophy in paediatric predialysis children and treatment--induced regression of left ventricular mass]. / Przerost lewej komory serca u dzieci z przewlekla niewydolnoscia nerek w okresie przeddializacyjnym oraz wplyw leczenia hipotensyjnego na regresje zmian sercowych.

UNLABELLED: Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the chronic renal failure adult population. Recently it has been shown that also paediatric CRF patients are at high risk of cardiovascular complications. Recent research programs are looking into the initial stages of chronic renal insufficiency to assess the early predictors of cardiac or cardiovascular disease. In the present study we analyzed the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in predialysis paediatric population and the potential value of efficient antihypertensive treatment on regression of left ventricular mass. Forty-nine chronic renal failure patients, aged 2-19 years, had two echocardiographic evaluations: at the time of establishing CRF diagnosis and after 30 months of antihypertensive treatment. In this study LVH was defined as left ventricular mass index (LVMI) greater than 51 g/m2.7. At the baseline assessment LVH was found in 18 out of 49 children (63.2%). In the second echocardiographic study LVH was present in 7 (14.2%) children. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Left ventricular hypertrophy is common in young CRF patients. 2. The reduction of left ventricular mass is possible, and may be determined by the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatment.