Applicability of the Rockall score in patients undergoing endoscopic therapy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

BACKGROUND: The Rockall score is used to assess the prognosis of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. AIM: To assess the applicability of the Rockall score in patients undergoing endoscopic therapy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding. METHODS: Retrospective evaluation of the Rockall score in the period 1995-2001. To evaluate the applicability of the Rockall system, two groups were created: group I (Rockallor=6 points). RESULTS: Two hundred and twenty-two patients were included. The median age of patients was 65 +/ -17 years. Hypotension and associated diseases were present in 20 and 50% of patients, respectively. Re-bleeding occurred in 50 patients (23%) whose median score was 7, whereas the median score of patients without re-bleeding was 6 (p=0.14). There were 20 deaths (9%) with a median score of 8, whilst the median score of surviving patients was 6 (p<0.001). Sixteen patients in group I (18.4%) and 34 in group II (25.2%) re-bled (p=0.25). All the patients who died belong to group II with a Rockall score>or=6 (15% versus 0% in groups II and I, respectively, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The Rockall score can be used in patients who undergo therapeutic endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding to identify those with high risk for mortality.

[Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: relationship with histological subtype and tumor location]. / Helicobacter pylori y cáncer gástrico: relación entre el subtipo histológico y la localización del tumor.

INTRODUCTION: Helicobacter pylori (HP) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma. Published data on HP infection and its association with both histological subtype and tumor localization are contradictory and few data are available on this topic in Spain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of HP infection with histological subtype and tumor localization in a series of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed all the patients diagnosed with gastric neoplasms in Hospital del Mar in Barcelona between 1995 and 2001. The histological subtype was established using Lauren's classification. Tissue samples were obtained from the surgical specimen or from endoscopic biopsies. HP infection was histologically determined through hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichromic, and Giemsa staining. RESULTS: During the study period, 304 gastric neoplasms, 275 (90.4%) adenocarcinomas, 22 (7.2%) lymphomas, 3 (1.0%) leiomyosarcomas, 2 (0.7%) degenerated gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and 2 (0.7%) Kaposi's sarcomas were diagnosed. In patients with adenocarcinoma, the mean age at diagnosis was 69 years and most patients were male (62%). A total of 48.1% of the neoplasms were located in the gastric antrum, 23.7% in the body and 19.1% in the fundus (13.6% in the period 1994-1997 and 25.4% in the period 1998-2001, p = 0.018). Intestinal-type gastric carcinoma was observed in 56% of the patients, diffuse-type in 28% and indeterminate-type in 16%. HP infection was confirmed in 69% of the patients (68% in intestinal subtype, 69% in diffuse subtype, and 69% in indeterminate subtype, p = 0.84), and was significantly associated with distal adenocarcinomas vs. proximal adenocarcinomas (73.6% vs 48.6%, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: No differences were observed between the histological type of adenocarcinoma and HP infection. In the last few years, the incidence of fundic adenocarcinomas has increased. These tumors show a lower association with HP infection.

Helicobacter pylori y cáncer gástrico: relación entre el subtipo histológico y la localización del tumor / Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer: relationship with histological subtype and tumor location

INTRODUCCIÓN: La infección por Helicobacter pylori (HP) seha implicado en la patogenia del adenocarcinoma gástrico. Se han publicado resultados contradictorios respecto a la infección por HP y su relación tanto con el subtipo histológico como con la localización del tumor; hay pocos datos al respecto en nuestro medio. El objetivo del estudio ha sido la evaluación de estos aspectos en nuestra serie de pacientes con adenocarcinoma gástrico. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Evaluación retrospectiva de todos los pacientes diagnosticados de neoplasia gástrica en el Hospital del Mar de Barcelona en el período comprendido entre 1995y 2001. El subtipo histológico se ha establecido basándonos en la clasificación de Lauren. Las muestras de tejido se obtuvieron a partir de la pieza de resección o de las biopsias realizadas con endoscopia. La infección por HP se determinó histológicamente mediante tinciones con hematoxilina eosina, tricrómico de Masson y Giemsa. RESULTADOS: En el período del estudio se diagnosticaron 304neoplasias gástricas: 275 (90,4%) adenocarcinomas, 22(7,2%) linfomas, 3 (1,0%) leiomiosarcomas, 2 (0,7%) tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST) degenerados y 2(0,7%) sarcomas de Kaposi. En relación con los pacientes con adenocarcinoma, la edad media en el momento del diagnóstico fue de 69 años y el sexo predominante varón (62%).En antro se localizó el 48,1% de las neoplasias; en cuerpo, el23,7%, y en el fundus, el 19,1% (el 13,6% en el período1994-1997 y el 25,4% en el período 1998-2001; p = 0,018). Se ha observado un patrón intestinal en el 56% de los casos, difuso en el 28% e indeterminado en el 16%. En el 69% de los casos se confirmó la infección por HP (el 68% en el subtipointestinal, el 69% en el difuso y el 69% en el indeterminado; p = 0,84), y de manera significativa en la mayoría de los adenocarcinomas distales respecto a los proximales (el 73,6frente al 48,6%; p < 0,05).CONCLUSIONES: No se han observado diferencias entre el tipo histológico de adenocarcinoma y la infección por HP. En los últimos años se ha constatado un incremento en los adenocarcinomas de localización fúndica; en estos tumores hay una menor asociación con la infección por HP

INTRODUCTION: Helicobacter pylori (HP) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of gastric adenocarcinoma. Published data on HP infection and its association with both histological sub-type and tumor localization are contradictory and few data are available on this topic in Spain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of HP infection with histological subtype and tumor localization in a series of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed all the patients diagnosed with gastric neoplasms in Hospital del Mar in Barcelona between 1995 and 2001. The histological subtype was established using Lauren’s classification. Tissue samples were obtained from the surgical specimen or from endoscopic biopsies. HP infection was histologically determined through hematoxylin-eosin, Masson’s trichromic, and Giemsa staining. RESULTS: During the study period, 304 gastric neoplasms,275 (90.4%) adenocarcinomas, 22 (7.2%) lymphomas, 3(1.0%) leiomyo sarcomas, 2 (0.7%) degenerated gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and 2 (0.7%) Kaposi’s sarcomas were diagnosed. In patients with adenocarcinoma, theme an age at diagnosis was 69 years and most patients were male (62%). A total of 48.1% of the neoplasms were located in the gastric antrum, 23.7% in the body and 19.1% in the fundus (13.6% in the period 1994-1997 and 25.4% in the period1998-2001, p = 0.018). Intestinal-type gastric carcinoma was observed in 56% of the patients, diffuse-type in 28% and indeterminate-type in 16%. HP infection was confirmed in 69% of the patients (68% in intestinal subtype, 69% indiffuse subtype, and 69% in indeterminate subtype, p =0.84), and was significantly associated with distal adenocarcinomasvs. proximal adenocarcinomas (73.6% vs 48.6%,p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: No differences were observed between the histological type of adenocarcinoma and HP infection. In the last few years, the incidence of fundic adenocarcinomas has increased. These tumors show a lower association with HP infection