In vitro comparison of apical microleakage by spectrophotometry in simulated apexification using White Mineral Trioxide Aggregate, TotalFill Bioceramic Root Repair material, and BioDentine.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to compare the sealing ability of various calcium silicate-based root-filling materials with a glucose leakage model after orthograde obturation using an open apex model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-two recently extracted human maxillary anterior teeth with single, straight root canals were selected and divided into four groups: Group 1 (G1), White Mineral Trioxide Aggregate; the material was delivered into the canal using the MAP system and further compacted with a specific plugger. Group 2 (G2), TotalFill bioceramic Root Repair material: the material was injected directly into the middle half of the root canal. Group 3 (G3), BioDentine; the material was delivered into the canal using the Hawe composite gun and prefitted pluggers. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 23.0 statistical software package. The Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test was applied to compare the differences in glucose microleakage. RESULTS: There were no significant differences among the three experimental groups. The results showed a tendency for leakage to increase from the 1st day to the end of experimental period. CONCLUSIONS: Within the parameters of this in vitro study, it may be concluded that the three materials evaluated present similar apical microleakage when treating teeth with open apices requiring orthograde delivery of an apical barrier.

Frequency and characteristics of occupational dental trauma.

BACKGROUND: Dental trauma at the workplace may have important clinical and occupational consequences, but little is known about its profile. AIMS: To describe the frequency and characteristics of work-related dental injuries. METHODS: For all patients with occupational dental trauma seen at the FREMAP Hospital of Barcelona (Spain) between January 2000 and December 2006, we recorded their characteristics, type of work and nature of the trauma, including cause of the accident, extent of trauma, reason for referral to a dentist, and days of sick leave. RESULTS: The frequency of dental trauma was 1.71 per 1000 occupational accidents attended and was related to the worker's occupation. In security services, it was 7.37 per 1000 and 2.01 in transport services. The frequency was similar in both genders. The most common causal mechanisms were direct impact (38%), traffic accidents (29%) and falls at the same level (16%). Causal mechanisms differed according to gender and type of job. Most injuries consisted of dental fracture (54%), and 67% of the patients required referral to a dental surgery. Injuries were limited to the mouth in 52% of cases, 8% of which required sick leave, with a mean duration of 23.0±21.8 days. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of dental trauma in this working population was low and was related to the worker's occupation. Causal mechanisms differed according to gender and type of job. Most dental injuries were severe and required referral to a dental surgery. Frequency of sick leave was low.

[Epidemiologic study of tuberculous disease in the Hospital La Fe in Valencia]. / Estudio epidemiológico de la enfermedad tuberculosa en el Hospital La Fe de Valencia.

BACKGROUND: Hospitals have currently been entrusted with an important role in both the diagnosis and treatment as well as the control and surveillance of tuberculosis. The situation of tuberculosis in the Hospital La Fe of Valencia (Spain) was herewith studied, evaluating the epidemiologic changes of clinical presentation and the development of this disease during from 1985 to 1989. METHODS: A series of 376 patients diagnosed with tuberculosis was reviewed. Personal data and that of hospitalization, toxic habits, other diseases, association to known risk groups, characteristics of the tuberculous disease, diagnostic methods, treatment and related mortality were studied. A descriptive epidemiologic study was performed. RESULTS: A predominance was observed in males (73%), with a mean age of 42 years (SD 19.32) and a predominance of patients working in the industrial or agricultural sector. Hospitalization for this disease was notably reduced throughout the study period. The year 1988 showed the greatest incidence of cases and in 83.9% of the case patients were only admitted to hospital once because of tuberculosis. The main localization was the lung with a common therapeutic schedule being used in most of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: In the authors' medium it must be taken into consideration that tuberculosis may manifest with several and insidious forms. A better quality of life has been described for tuberculous patients thanks to the unified therapeutic schedule, being usually completed in the everyday environment.

The incidence of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and tuberculosis (TB) in the Hospital "La Fe" of Valencia, Spain (1985-1989).

We studied the incidence of TB and TB-AIDS in the area served by "La Fe" hospital in Valencia. We also studied the different evolution of the incidence of TB and TB-AIDS during the 1985-1989 period. We noticed the progressive increase of the incidence of TB in AIDS patients, while the incidence of TB without AIDS remained the same.