[Evaluation of primary tinnitus with fine puretone test and estimate of the technique].

Objective:To evaluate the relative factors of the severity and characteristics of primary tinnitus patients with fine puretone test(FPT) by three kinds of octaves, and to estimate the clinical application of this technique.Method:All subjects(n=90, ears=108), diagnosed with primary tinnitus, were recruited during July 2017 to February 2018 from the out-patients of Nanfang Hospital. In the prospective design, the patients were randomly divided into group 1/3 octave(n=30, ears=35), group 1/12 octave(n=30, ears=37) and group 1/24 octave(n=30, ears=36). Then tinnitus handicap inventory(THI), FPT, time and degree of residual inhibition(RI), time and degree of hyposensitization test, time attenuation test of masking(TATM) were used for evaluating the diseased and healthy ear performed separately.Result:Eighty-six patients were taken THI. The severity of tinnitus was no significant correlation with the gender,ear,sleep time and working time(P>0.05),but positive correlation with age(r=0.274, P=0.011) and duration of tinnitus(r=0.239, P=0.026). The selfassessment loudness score(SALS)(r=0.542,P=0.000) and the visual analogue score(VAS)(r=0.529, P=0.000) showed a moderate positive correlation. In the 1/24 octave, except for the TATM of the diseased ear group, the results of other groups were statistically different from the 1/3 octave(P<0.05), and much suitable than the 1/3 octave. Moreover, the results showed that the time of RI in the left and diseased ear group, the time of HT in the right, left and diseased ear group, the degree of HT in the right ear group were statistically different from the 1/12 octave(P<0.05) respectively, and much suitable than the 1/12 octave. The 1/12 octave was only statistically different from the 1/3 octave in TATM of the diseased ear group(P<0.05), and much suitable than the 1/3 octave.Conclusion:This study shows that gender, ear, sleep time, and working time had no significant effect on the severity of tinnitus, the age and duration of tinnitus have certain effects on the severity of tinnitus, the SALS, VAS score and the severity of tinnitus are moderately positively correlated. The 1/24 octave is significantly much suitable than the 1/3 octave and the 1/12 octave. And the technique of FPT is beneficial to improve the reliability and accuracy of the tinnitus evaluation.

[Application of technique of HRCT and multipliate plane reconstruction in analysis of image features of superior semicircular canal dehiscence].

Objective: Application of technique of high resolution CT (HRCT) and multipliate plane reconstruction, analyzed the image features of suspicious superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) to improve the understanding of the SSCD.Method:From January 2016 to April 2017, a total of 230 adult patients who checked temporal bone HRCT were collected in this retrospective study, of which 160 cases (320 ears) of the non-SSCD, 73 cases were male (146 ears), 87 cases were female (174 ears), aged 18 to 70 years old; 70 cases (113 ears) were suspicious diagnosed with SSCD, 33 cases were male (55 ears), 37 cases were female (58 ears), and 18 to 71 years old. The thin section CT scan of the temporal bone translocation was performed on all subjects, then the CT post processing workstation was used for multipliate plane reconstruction (MPR), and the main rows of coronal and oblique sagittal image reconstruction was performed. To observe, measure and record the HRCT features and datas of the suspicious SSCD and non-SSCD, then analyze the collected data.Result:There were 160 cases (320 ears) in non-SSCD group, and the height of the superior semicircular canal was (6.43±0.51)mm, the outer tube diameter was (0.83±0.13)mm, the thickness of the tympanic cavity was (2.19±0.62)mm, the anteroposterior diameter of mastoid was (14.55±1.98)mm; There were 70 cases (113 ears) in the suspicious SSCD group, the above results were (6.42±0.60)mm, (0.85±0.16)mm, (1.62±0.55)mm, (13.24±1.97)mm, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there were no significant difference in the height of the superior semicircular canal (P=0.94) and the outer tube diameter (P=0.64), There were significant differences in the thickness of the tympanic cavity (P=0.002) and the anteroposterior diameter of mastoid (P=0.004). There were 70 cases (113 ears) in group suspicious SSCD, the unilateral defect had 27 cases (27 ears), and bilateral defect had 43 cases (86 ears). The defect was located in the middle of the parietal wall in 48 ears, located in the anterior wall of 20 ears, located in the posterior wall of 32 ears, more than two defects in 13 ears; 7 ears were mastoid pneumatic type, 90 ears were mastoid sclerotic type, 16 ears were mastoid mixed type.Conclusion:The SSCD was more common in the sclerotic mastoid. The bilateral defect was common, mostly located in the middle of the parietal wall. The occurrence of the lesion is not related to the height and diameter of the superior semicircular canal, but may be related to the thinning of the whole temporal bone.

[Effect of melatonin on expression of Prestin protein in the inner ear of mice following radiotherapy].

Objective: To investigate the effect of melatonin on the expression of prestin protein in the inner ear of mice following a single dose radiation therapy, so as to provide the basis for the mechanism study of radiation induced inner ear injury and its prevention. Methods: Sixty 4-week-old male mice were randomly divided into six groups, including the control group (A group), 50 mg/kg MLT group (B group), 5 mg/kg MLT group (C group), 50 mg/kg MLT + radiotherapy group (D group), 5 mg/kg MLT+ radiotherapy group (E group), and 16 Gy radiotherapy group (F group). Each experimental group was randomly subdivided into two subgroups, which were killed to harvest the cochlea on the 3rd and 7th days following 16 Gy radiation. The specimens were used for immunostaining and Western blot to detect the expression of prestin protein. SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results: Prestin protein mainly distributed in the lateral membrane above the outer hair cell nucleus. When compared with A, B and C group, the expression of prestin protein in the inner ear was significantly up-regulated in F group (P<0.05). However, D and E group reduced the abnormal expression of prestin following radiotherapy when compared with F group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), and the effect of D group was more significant than E group (P<0.05). Conclusions: The prestin protein of cochlea is mainly distributed in the lateral membrane above the outer hair cell nucleus. Following the high-dose radiotherapy, the prestin expression is upregulated, and melatonin can control the abnormal expression of prestin protein induced by radiotherapy with dose dependent.