COVID-19-Related Potential Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Childhood in a Neonate Presenting as Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn.

A term infant with persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn developed clinical and laboratory features of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in childhood (MIS-C) between days 12 and 14. Mother and baby were anti-SARS-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) IgG positive and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM negative on day 18, with negative COVID-19 PCR on repeated testing; possible first documentation of neonatal MIS-C following passive transfer of maternal antibodies.

Vitamin K deficiency-related late-onset haemorrhagic disease of a newborn with acute subdural haemorrhage: long-term outcome.

Newborn infants who for any reason have not received vitamin K supplementation are at risk of major haemorrhagic complications including intracranial bleeding, due to vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB). We describe a 5-month-old exclusively breastfed infant who presented with subdural haemorrhage following a fall from the mother's lap and was found to have VKDB. The patient was lost to follow-up and was brought back at 8 years of age with global developmental delay, epilepsy and hemiparesis. Computed tomography scan showed left-sided encephalomalacia. Healthcare providers and the public should be aware of this preventable, acquired coagulopathy and its potential sequelae, and encourage the uptake of vitamin K at birth.

An unusual neurological presentation: systemic lupus erythematosus mimicking central nervous system infection.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune multisystem disease. Childhood-onset SLE is extremely rare and comprises only 10% to 20% of all cases. In this case report, we present a 9-year-old boy from northeastern India who presented with fever, cough, vague abdominal pain, lethargy and swelling of face and legs. Initial impression was one of sepsis with central nervous system (CNS) involvement and was treated accordingly. Detailed clinical examination with subsequent laboratory and imaging studies clinched the diagnosis of SLE. The patient showed rapid resolution of symptoms with immunoglobulins, cyclophosphamide and steroid therapy. A brief discussion on childhood neuropsychiatric lupus syndrome and SLE with CNS infections is included here.