[The urological complications of pelvic fractures: about 22 cases at the University Hospital, Brazzaville]. / Les complications urologiques des fractures de la ceinture pelvienne : à propos de 22 cas au CHU de Brazzaville.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiology, injury mechanisms and therapeutic aspects of urological complications of fractures of the pelvic girdle. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective study including 22 cases of urological complications of pelvic fractures analyzed between 2003 and 2010 at the University hospital, Brazzaville. Tile classification modified AO was used to understand the mechanisms underlying urological complications. The variables studied were: frequency, age, sex, origin, etiology, type of pelvic fracture, type of urological complications, clinical urological lesions, the therapeutic delay, the therapeutic method, the long-term prognosis. RESULTS: In total, 22 cases (11.40%) of urological complications were collected on 193 pelvic fractures. Men dominated the series with a sex ratio of 4.5, the average age was 33.8 years (12 to 64). Street accidents were the leading cause with 13 cases (59.09%). The urethra was the most affected in 16 cases (72.73%), the membranous portion in 10 cases (45.45%), the bladder in six cases (27.27%). Type A fractures were complicated four bladder lesions, types B, 12 urological lesions (1 bladder and urethra 11) and six type C lesions (1 bladder and urethra 5). Bone lesions were supported functionally in 18 cases (81.82%). Urethral injuries in men were repaired remotely by anastomotic urethroplasty. Urethral injury in females has been repaired urgently delayed. The bladder lesions were repaired by emergency laparotomy and suture of the breach, or urethral catheterization. In monitoring, seven patients had urological sequelae: erectile dysfunction in one case and urethral stenosis in six cases, they have been treated by dilatation (4 cases) and endoscopic internal urethrotomy (2 cases). CONCLUSION: The urological complications of pelvic fractures were rare in our experience, and must be systematically searched. Unstable fractures (types B and C) were the major providers of these complications. Remote processing was possible with good functional results.

[Urological complications of gynecologic surgery]. / Les complications urologiques de la chirurgie gynécologique.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological, anatomoclinical, surgical and evolutionary aspects of the urological complications of gynecological surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was about a retrospective survey, concerning 81 patients hospitalized in the department of urology of the university hospital, Brazzaville from 2000 to 2008 for urological complications of the gynecological surgery. The epidemiological, diagnostic, surgical and evolutionary parameters have been analyzed. RESULTS: The urological complication of the gynecological surgery has been recovered in 3% of patients hospitalized in urology. The middle age was 37±14.52 years (17 and 74 years). The median was about 36 years. The middle delay of diagnosis was 15 days (0 and 350 days). The revealing clinical signs were: the oligoanuria (n=12), the urinary incontinence (n=57), the lumbar pain (n=9) and the cyclic hematuria (n=2). The surgical interventions in reason were: the Caesarean (n=50), the hysterectomy for fibroma (n=26), the myomectomy (n=3) and the hysterectomy for cancer (n=2). Anatomical lesion were 55 (67.9%) vesicovaginal fistulas, 12 (14.8%) ureteral ligatures, eight (10%) uretero-vaginal fistulas, three (3.7%) vesico-uterine fistulas, two (2.4%) wounds ureteral and one (1.2%) vaginal vesico-fistulas and uretero-vaginal fistulas. The treatment consisted in one termino-terminal ureterorraphia, 20 uretero-vesical reimplantation, 57 cures of vesico-vaginal fistulas and one nephrectomy. The recovery was obtained at 96% of the ureteral lesions and 90% of the vesico-vaginal fistulas. CONCLUSION: The lesions of the ureteral and the bladder were often met during the gynecological surgery. The treatment requires knowledge of the anatomy of pelvis.

Les traumatismes des bourses

Objectif: Evaluer les caracteristiques epidemiologiques; cliniques; paracliniques et therapeutiques des traumatismes des bourses dans le service d'urologie - andrologie du CHU de Brazzaville Patients et methodes: Etude retrospective portant sur 18 patients hospitalises pour un traumatisme des bourses entre janvier 1990 et decembre 2006. Les parametres analyses ont ete: la frequence; l'age; les etiologies; le motif et delai de consultation; les resultats de l'examen clinique; les donnees echographiques; le protocole de traitement adopte et l'evolution. Resultats: Les traumatismes des bourses representaient 0;4des hospitalisations au CHU de Brazzaville. L'age moyen des patients etait de 34;6 ans (extremes 9 et 64 ans). Les traumatismes par accident de la voie publique (8 cas) et ceux du travail (5 cas) etaient les principales causes. Le delai moyen de consultation etait de 3 jours pour les traumatismes fermes (12 cas) et une heure pour les traumatismes ouverts (6 cas). Le principal motif de consultation etait la douleur scrotale (n=10). L'echographie realisee chez 8 patients a mis en evidence: 4 cas de rupture de l'albuginee; 2 cas d'hematomes intra testiculaires et 2 cas d'hematocele. Le traitement a ete medical dans 6 et chirurgical dans 12 cas. Les interventions ont consiste en la resection de la pulpe exteriorisee et suture de l'albuginee (n=4); une orchidopexie (n=1); une orchidectomie (n=3); une evacuation d'un hematocele (n=2) et un drainage d'un hematome testiculaire (n=2). A long terme; des douleurs testiculaires residuelles ont ete observees chez 3 patients; une ligoasthenozoospermie chez 3 patients; une atrophie testiculaire chez 2 patients et un cas de dysfonction erectile. Conclusion: Une exploration chirurgicale doit etre realisee en cas d'hematocele. L'echographie; entre des mains entrainees; peut faire le diagnostic de rupture de l'albuginee testiculaire cependantcet examen ne doit pas retarder la prise en charge au bloc operatoire