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1.
Viruses ; 15(9)2023 08 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37766255

RESUMO

Lower respiratory tract infections (LRIs) are a significant cause of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) across all age groups, especially in children under 9 years of age, and adults over 75. The main causative agents are viruses, such as influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Viral LRIs in adults have historically received less attention. This study investigated the incidence of RSV and influenza in adult patients admitted to a referral hospital, as well as the clinical profile of these infections. Molecular testing was conducted on nasopharyngeal samples taken from a respiratory surveillance cohort comprising adult (15-59 years) and elderly (60+ years) hospitalized patients who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2, to determine the prevalence for influenza and RSV. Influenza was found to be less frequent among the elderly. The main symptoms of RSV infections were cough, fever, dyspnea, malaise, and respiratory distress, while headache, nasal congestion, a sore throat, and myalgia were most frequent in influenza. Elderly patients with RSV were not found to have more severe illness than adults under age 60, underscoring the importance of providing the same care to adults with this viral infection.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Influenza Humana , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano , Criança , Idoso , Adulto , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/epidemiologia , Doenças Negligenciadas , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , SARS-CoV-2
2.
J Med Virol ; 94(3): 1206-1211, 2022 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34647634

RESUMO

The Lambda variants of interest (VOI) (C37/GR/452Q.V1/21G) was initially reported in Lima, Peru but has gained rapid dissemination through other Latin American countries. Nevertheless, the dissemination and molecular epidemiology of the Lambda VOI in Brazil is unknown apart from a single case report. In this respect, we characterized the circulation of the SARS-CoV-2 Lambda VOI (C37/GR/452Q.V1/21G) in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. From March to June 2021, we identified seven Lambda isolates in a set of approximately 8000 newly sequenced genomes of the Network for Pandemic Alert of Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants from Sao Paulo State. Interestingly, in three of the positive patients, the Lambda VOI infection was probably related to a contact transmission. These individuals were fully vaccinated to COVID-19 and presented mild symptoms. The remaining positive for Lambda VOI individuals showed different levels of COVID-19 symptoms and one of them needed hospitalization (score 5, WHO). In our study, we present a low level of Lambda VOI circulation in the Sao Paulo State. This reinforces the essential role of molecular surveillance for the effective SARS-CoV-2 pandemic response, especially in regard to circulating variants.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Brasil/epidemiologia , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Organização Mundial da Saúde
3.
Viruses ; 13(7)2021 06 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34206727

RESUMO

The rapid development of efficacious and safe vaccines against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been instrumental in mitigating the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Moreover, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants raised concerns on the efficacy of these vaccines. Herein, we report two cases of breakthrough infections with the P1 variant in patients vaccinated with CoronaVac, which is one of the two vaccines authorized for emergency use in the Brazilian immunization program. Our observations suggest that the vaccine reduced the severity of the disease and highlight the potential risk of illness following vaccination and subsequent infection with the P1 variant as well as for continued efforts to prevent and diagnose infection in vaccinated persons.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Vacinas contra COVID-19/imunologia , COVID-19/diagnóstico por imagem , COVID-19/imunologia , SARS-CoV-2/imunologia , Vacinação/efeitos adversos , Brasil , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Teste de Ácido Nucleico para COVID-19 , Vacinas contra COVID-19/administração & dosagem , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Dexametasona/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento , Vacinação/estatística & dados numéricos , Tratamento Farmacológico da COVID-19
4.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 9844, 2021 05 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33972659

RESUMO

Interspecific hybridization is a stressful condition that can lead to sterility and/or inviability through improper gene regulation in Drosophila species with a high divergence time. However, the extent of these abnormalities in hybrids of recently diverging species is not well known. Some studies have shown that in Drosophila, the mechanisms of postzygotic isolation may evolve more rapidly in males than in females and that the degree of viability and sterility is associated with the genetic distance between species. Here, we used transcriptomic comparisons between two Drosophila mojavensis subspecies and D. arizonae (repleta group, Drosophila) and identified greater differential gene expression in testes than in ovaries. We tested the hypothesis that the severity of the interspecies hybrid phenotype is associated with the degree of gene misregulation. We showed limited gene misregulation in fertile females and an increase in the amount of misregulation in males with more severe sterile phenotypes (motile vs. amotile sperm). In addition, for these hybrids, we identified candidate genes that were mostly associated with spermatogenesis dysfunction.


Assuntos
Drosophila/fisiologia , Hibridização Genética , Infertilidade Masculina/veterinária , Espermatogênese/genética , Testículo/patologia , Animais , Feminino , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Especiação Genética , Infertilidade Masculina/genética , Infertilidade Masculina/patologia , Masculino , Ovário/patologia , Isolamento Reprodutivo , Fatores Sexuais , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides/genética
5.
J Med Virol, in press, p. 1-6, out. 2021
Artigo em Inglês | Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IBPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: bud-3971

RESUMO

The Lambda variants of interest (VOI) (C37/GR/452Q.V1/21G) was initially reported in Lima, Peru but has gained rapid dissemination through other Latin American countries. Nevertheless, the dissemination and molecular epidemiology of the Lambda VOI in Brazil is unknown apart from a single case report. In this respect, we characterized the circulation of the SARS-CoV-2 Lambda VOI (C37/GR/452Q.V1/21G) in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. From March to June 2021, we identified seven Lambda isolates in a set of approximately 8000 newly sequenced genomes of the Network for Pandemic Alert of Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants from Sao Paulo State. Interestingly, in three of the positive patients, the Lambda VOI infection was probably related to a contact transmission. These individuals were fully vaccinated to COVID-19 and presented mild symptoms. The remaining positive for Lambda VOI individuals showed different levels of COVID-19 symptoms and one of them needed hospitalization (score 5, WHO). In our study, we present a low level of Lambda VOI circulation in the Sao Paulo State. This reinforces the essential role of molecular surveillance for the effective SARS-CoV-2 pandemic response, especially in regard to circulating variants.

6.
Zootaxa ; 4103(4): 396-400, 2016 Apr 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27394745

RESUMO

Variation in the size and morphological differences intraspecific of Nesotriatoma flavida led to the description of N. bruneri. However, two years later the same author proposed the synonymization N. bruneri with N. flavida. N. bruneri was revalidated through morphological analysis after 35 years. Thus, given the existing taxonomic questioning between these Cuban triatomines, we analyzed new parameters such as genetic distance from the mitochondrial 16S rDNA deposited in Genbank and cytogenetic characterization, through the constitutive heterochromatin pattern, in order to reassess the specific status of N. bruneri. The analysis of the disposition of constitutive heterochromatin in the genome of these triatomines allowed observing that only the sex chromosome Y is heterochromatic, and the autosomes and the sex chromosomes X are euchromatic. These characteristics are identical to those described for N. flavida. By means of analysis of genetic distance matrix, we found that the genetic distance between N. bruneri and N. flavida was only 0.04%. Thus, by means of extremely low genetic distance and identical cytogenetic characteristics, we suggest that N. bruneri should be back again synonymized with N. flavida. However, we recommend that experimental hybrid crosses and new molecular analysis should be conducted, focusing mainly in the genetic distance based on other genes, on the rate of fertility of eggs and viability of hybrids to confirm the proposed of synonymization.


Assuntos
Reduviidae/classificação , Animais , DNA Ribossômico/genética , Ecossistema , Feminino , Heterocromatina/genética , Heterocromatina/metabolismo , Proteínas de Insetos/genética , Proteínas de Insetos/metabolismo , Masculino , Reduviidae/genética , Reduviidae/metabolismo , Cromossomos Sexuais/genética
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