Health effect of public sports services and public health services: empirical evidence from China.

There is no clear explanation for the extraordinary rebound in China's population mortality over the past decade. This paper utilizes panel data from 31 Chinese provinces from 2010 to 2020 to determine the distinct impacts of public sports services (PSS), public health services (PMS), and their interaction on population mortality. Empirical results show that public sports services significantly reduce mortality. Every unit increase in public sports services reduces mortality by about 2.3%. It is characterized by delayed realization. Public health services were surprisingly associated with a rebound in mortality. Further studies found strong health effect from interaction of public sports and health services. The effect was significantly strengthened in areas with fewer extreme temperatures or developed economy. The findings have important policy implications for the high-quality development of public sports and health services. It also emphasizes integration of sports and medicine and mitigates health risks associated with extreme temperatures.

Claisen Condensation Reaction Mediated Pimelate Biosynthesis via the Reverse Adipate-Degradation Pathway and Its Isoenzymes.

Pimelic acid is an important seven-carbon dicarboxylic acid, which is broadly applied in various fields. The industrial production of pimelic acid is mainly through a chemical method, which is complicated and environmentally unfriendly. Herein, we found that pimelic acid could be biosynthesized by the reverse adipate-degradation pathway (RADP), a typical Claisen condensation reaction that could be applied to the arrangement of C-C bond. In order to strengthen the supply of glutaryl-CoA precursor, PA5530 protein was used to transport glutaric acid. Subsequently, we discovered that the enzymes in the BIOZ pathway are isoenzyme of the RADP pathway enzymes. By combining the isoenzymes of the two pathways, the titer of pimelic acid reached 36.7 mg ⋅ L-1 under the optimal combination, which was increased by 382.9 % compared with the control strain B-3. It was also the highest titer of pimelic acid biosynthesized by Claisen condensation reaction, laying the foundation for the production of pimelic acid and its derivatives.

Stereocontrolled addition of Grignard reagents to oxa-bridged benzazepines: highly efficient synthesis of functionalized benzazepine scaffolds.

An efficient and highly diastereoselective synthesis of 2-substituted benzo[b]azepin-5-ol via stereocontrolled addition of Grignard reagents to oxa-bridged benzazepines has been developed. The reaction proceeds efficiently starting from versatile skeletons with mild reaction conditions as well as simple operation. Furthermore, 2-substituted benzazepinones could been obtained by simple Dess-Martin oxidation in excellent yields.

Protective effect of chinonin in MPTP-induced C57BL/6 mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

The aims of this study were to investigate the effect of chinonin in preventing 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neurodegeneration in C57BL/6 mice and to examine the possible mechanisms. The neurotoxin MPTP was employed to create a subacute Parkinson's disease (PD)-like model in C57BL/6 mice. Chinonin (10, 20, 40 mg/kg body weight) was intraperitoneally administered 0.5 h after MPTP (30 mg/kg) injection for 7 d consecutively. Chinonin showed neuroprotective effects in the MPTP-treated mice PD model by ameliorating motor impairment in the catwalk and open-field tests. Consistently, chinonin reduced loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and prevented depletion of dopamine and its metabolites 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid in the striatum of mice. Compared with the MPTP group, in the chinonin plus MPTP groups significant increases of superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione levels were observed as well as a distinct reduction of lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde in the striatum. Taken together, we propose that chinonin exerts neuroprotective effects in C57BL/6 mouse model of PD and these effects may be due to chinonin's antioxidative property.