[Aptitude for critical reading of clinical research reports among medical residents of the Mexican Social Security Institute in Jalisco]. / Aptitud para la lectura crítica de informes de investigaciones clínicas en médicos residentes del IMSS en Jalisco.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the aptitude degree of the critical reading in reports of clinical investigation in the residents of the different areas of medical specialties. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was elaborated and it validated an instrument to explore the critical reading in their abilities of to interpret and to judge. We studied 572 medical residents of eight units of the Mexican Institute of the Social Security: 292 of the medical area, 227 of the surgical area, 30 of the area of auxiliary in diagnosis and treatment, and 23 of the research area. RESULTS: The median of the qualifications obtained, they were low (considering a theoretical qualification maxim of 100), for the residents of the three areas: medicine with 34, surgical with 30 and auxiliary in diagnosis and treatment with 28.5. For the research area, the aptitude was a medium degree with 49. Of the 572 residents 98 (17.1%) it didn't surpass the limit of the accountable qualifications for a random effect. In the medical area we found a positive differential effect of the time of residence in the aptitude for the critical reading, particularly in the specialty of Internal Medicine. CONCLUSIONS: The development of the aptitude for the critical reading of reports of clinical investigation in general is low, the exception, are the residents in investigation and in certain measure those of internal medicine; in this last one it seems product of an intentional, collective, systematic and progressive exercise.

Priming of hepatitis C virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in mice following portal vein injection of a liver-specific plasmid DNA.

The immunology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection should be studied in the context of HCV antigen expression in the liver, because HCV primarily infects this organ. Indeed, the nature, function, and fate of T cells primed after antigen expression in the liver might differ from those primed when antigens are expressed systemically or in other organs, because the nature of the antigen-presenting cells (APCs) involved may be different. In addition, the normal liver contains a resident population of lymphocytes that differ from those present at other sites. Thus, we investigated whether HCV-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) could be elicited following portal vein (PV) injection of plasmid DNA in mice whose hepatic veins were transiently occluded. We show that PV injection of mice with "naked" DNA expressing the HCV-NS5a protein, under the control of a liver-specific enhancer/promoter, resulted in NS5a expression in the liver and the priming of HCV-specific CTLs. These results suggested that such a model might be relevant to the study of HCV-specific immune responses primed during natural infection.