RESUMO
The osmium complexes trans-[OsCl(2)(dppf)(diamine)] (dppf: 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene; diamine: ethylenediamine in 3, propylenediamine in 4) were prepared by the reaction of [OsCl(2)(PPh(3))(3)] (1) with the ferrocenyl diphosphane, dppf and the corresponding diamine in dichloromethane. The reaction of derivative 3 with NaOCH(2)CF(3) in toluene afforded the alkoxide cis-[Os(OCH(2)CF(3))(2)(dppf)(ethylenediamine)] (5). The novel precursor [Os(2)Cl(4)(P(m-tolyl)(3))(5)] (2) allows the synthesis of the chiral complexes trans-[OsCl(2)(diphosphane)(1,2-diamine)] (6-9; diphosphane: (R)-[6,6'-dimethoxy(1,1'-biphenyl)-2,2'-diyl]bis[1,1-bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphane] (xylMeObiphep) or (R)-(1,1'-binaphthalene)-2,2'-diylbis[1,1-bis(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphane] (xylbinap); diamine=(R,R)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine (dpen) or (R,R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (dach)), obtained by the treatment of 2 with the diphosphane and the 1,2-diamine in toluene at reflux temperature. Compounds 3-5 in ethanol and in the presence of NaOEt catalyze the reduction of methyl aryl, dialkyl, and diaryl ketones and aldehydes with H(2) at low pressure (5 atm), with substrate/catalyst (S/C) ratios of 10,000-200,000 and achieving turnover frequencies (TOFs) of up to 3.0 x 10(5) h(-1) at 70 degrees C. By employment of the chiral compounds 6-9, different ketones, including alkyl aryl, bulky tert-butyl, and cyclic ketones, have successfully been hydrogenated with enantioselectivities up to 99% and with S/C ratios of 5000-100,000 and TOFs of up to 4.1 x 10(4) h(-1) at 60 degrees C.
