RESUMO
Infection with Toxocara canis is well described in the pediatric literature but is reported less commonly in adults. We report a case of T canis infection manifested as abdominal pain with diarrhea, eosinophilia, and diffuse noncavitating nodules in an immunocompetent adult.
Assuntos
Pneumopatias Parasitárias/diagnóstico , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Toxocara canis/isolamento & purificação , Toxocaríase/diagnóstico , Adulto , Animais , Humanos , Imunoglobulina M/análise , Rim/diagnóstico por imagem , Rim/parasitologia , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Fígado/parasitologia , Pulmão/parasitologia , Masculino , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Toxocara canis/imunologiaRESUMO
The records of 206 patients with advanced infection due to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 who were receiving prophylaxis with clindamycin/primaquine (C/P), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ), or dapsone to prevent Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) were retrospectively examined. Two hundred sixty-two patient-years of prophylaxis were accrued (176.2 of TMP-SMZ, 63.4 of dapsone, and 22.8 of C/P). The rates of PCP in the TMP-SMZ, dapsone, and C/P groups were 3.4, 11.0, and 30.7 per 100 patient-years, respectively. Pairwise comparisons showed C/P to be less effective than TMP-SMZ (relative risk [RR], 9.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.03-26.83). A similar trend was apparent for C/P vs. dapsone (RR, 2.78; 95% CI, 0.98-7.93). When only those receiving primary prophylaxis were analyzed, C/P recipients remained at greater risk than TMP-SMZ recipients (RR, 13.19; 95% CI, 3.54-49.12) and dapsone recipients (RR, 3.85; 95% CI, 1.12-13.31). Failure of C/P prophylaxis could be due, at least in part, to underdosing (clindamycin, 300 mg/d; primaquine, 15 mg/d). C/P recipients had more nonspecific diarrhea than did TMP-SMZ recipients (RR, 2.99; 95% CI, 1.61-5.55).
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Antimaláricos/uso terapêutico , Clindamicina/uso terapêutico , Infecções por HIV/complicações , HIV-1 , Pneumonia por Pneumocystis/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia por Pneumocystis/prevenção & controle , Primaquina/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Antibacterianos/efeitos adversos , Anti-Infecciosos/efeitos adversos , Anti-Infecciosos/uso terapêutico , Antimaláricos/efeitos adversos , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Clindamicina/efeitos adversos , Dapsona/efeitos adversos , Dapsona/uso terapêutico , Diarreia/complicações , Diarreia/diagnóstico , Diarreia/microbiologia , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Gastroenteropatias/complicações , Doenças Hematológicas/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Primaquina/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Combinação Trimetoprima e Sulfametoxazol/efeitos adversos , Combinação Trimetoprima e Sulfametoxazol/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
One goal in metal ceramic substructure design is strengthening the restoration. This investigation compared the strength of four metal ceramic crown designs advocated in the dental literature. Metal ceramic crowns were fabricated, luted to a master die, and loaded to failure on a mechanical testing machine. Crowns with a facial veneer of porcelain covered occlusally with metal withstood significantly higher failure loads than did the other designs. These were followed by crowns having the porcelain extended to the central groove, crowns with facial porcelain veneers without occlusal metal coverage and, the weakest group, crowns with complete occlusal porcelain coverage. There were no significant differences between the latter three designs.
