RESUMO
Introducción: Desde el año 2000 se ha descrito un aumento progresivo de los casos de sífilis en diferentes ciudades europeas, sobre todo en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH). Las manifestaciones clínicas de la sífilis pueden estar influidas por la coinfección del VIH o por el antecedente de sífilis. El objetivo del presente estudio es describir las características epidemiológicas y clínicas de los casos de sífilis precoz diagnosticados en Barcelona. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de casos de sífilis precoz diagnosticados en Barcelona (2003-2013). Se revisaron las historias clínicas y los datos epidemiológicos y clínicos fueron recogidos de forma estructurada. Las variables se compararon según el estatus serológico del VIH y el antecedente de sífilis. Resultados: Se diagnosticaron 1.702 casos de sífilis precoz (37% primaria, 48% secundaria y 14% latente precoz), 93% de ellos en HSH. Entre ellos, el 40% presentaba una coinfección por VIH. Los casos de sífilis en pacientes VIH positivos estaban asociados con un episodio previo de sífilis (aOR, 5,2 [IC del 95%, 3,32-8,24]) y con haber tenido sexo anal desprotegido (aOR, 1,75 [IC del 95%, 1,17-2,63]). Los casos con antecedentes de sífilis se presentaron con menor frecuencia como sífilis primaria (27,5% vs. 40%) (aOR, 0,58 [IC del 95%, 0,44-0,77]). Un año después del tratamiento, la evolución clínica y serológica fue similar en los pacientes VIH positivo y negativo. Conclusiones: La epidemia de sífilis en Barcelona afecta desproporcionalmente a HSH y está estrechamente relacionada con el VIH. La forma de presentación de la sífilis está influida por el antecedente de sífilis y por el VIH, sin diferencias significativas en cuanto a la evolución un año después del tratamiento
Background: Since 2000, substantial increases in syphilis have been reported in metropolitan areas of Western countries, with increases noted among men who have sex with men (MSM). Clinical manifestations of syphilis might be influenced by concomitant VIH infection and previous episodes of syphilis. The objectives of this study were to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the cases of syphilis diagnosed in Barcelona. Methods: Retrospective study of cases with early syphilis diagnosed in the referral STI Unit of Barcelona from January 2003 to December 2013. Revision of medical records with structured collection of epidemiological and clinical data. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses comparing the characteristics of MSM cases with and without VIH infection and with and without previous syphilis. Results: A total of 1702 cases of syphilis (37% primary, 48% secondary and 14% early latent) were diagnosed, 93% of them in MSM. Among MSM 40% were coinfected with VIH, VIH-positive cases were associated with a previous syphilis (aOR, 5.2 [95% CI, 3.32-8.24]) and with unprotected anal intercourse (aOR, 1.75 [95%CI, 1.17-2.63]). Cases with a history of syphilis presented less often with primary syphilis compared to those without it (27.5% vs. 40%) (aOR, 0.58 [95% CI, 0.44-0.77]). One year after treatment, the clinical and serological evolution were similar between VIH-positive and VIH-negative cases. Conclusion: The epidemic of syphilis in Barcelona disproportionately affects MSM and is closelly linked to VIH infection. The presentation of syphilis is influenced by VIH infection and by previous history of syphilis, without significant differences in their evolution after one year of treatment
Assuntos
Humanos , Sífilis/epidemiologia , Epidemias , Diagnóstico Precoce , Síndromes de Imunodeficiência/epidemiologia , Espanha/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Microscopia , 28599 , Pessoas Transgênero , Minorias Sexuais e de GêneroAssuntos
Busca de Comunicante/métodos , Busca de Comunicante/tendências , Parceiros Sexuais , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/diagnóstico , Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Espanha/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
From the beginning of 2007 until the end of 2011, 146 cases of lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) were notified to the Barcelona Public Health Agency. Some 49% of them were diagnosed and reported in 2011, mainly in men who have sex with men. Almost half of them, 32 cases, were reported between July and September. This cluster represents the largest since 2004. This article presents the ongoing outbreak of LGV in Barcelona.
