Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Brazilian pregnant women vaccinated with one or two doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (Pfizer/WyethTM).

Pregnant women have an increased risk of developing severe coronavirus disease. In Brazil, the number of hospitalizations and adverse outcomes, including death caused by COVID-19, in women during the pregnancy-puerperal cycle was high in the first pandemic year. Doubts regarding vaccines' efficacy and safety for the mother and fetus delayed vaccination. This study evaluated the generation of IgG titers and neutralizing antibodies to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in 209 healthy pregnant women. For this, were used the QuantiVac ELISA (IgG) and SARS-CoV-2 NeutraLISA kits (EUROIMMUN, Lübeck, SH) following the manufacturer's recommendations. One dose vaccine produced anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in 85% (81/95), and two produced in 95% (76/80) women. Among unvaccinated women, four of 34 (12%) showed protection. The first dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine protected 69% of the women with neutralizing antibodies (median of %IH = 97). In the second dose, protection occurred in 94% of the pregnant women (median of IH% = 97). This study showed no differences in IgG antibody titers between one- and two-dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine groups, boosting with the second dose increased the number of women who produced specific IgG and neutralizing antibodies, raising by 114-folds the chance of producing the SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies compared to the unvaccinated pregnant woman, which may contribute to reduce the chance of severe COVID-19.

Primeiro consumo de álcool entre escolares da periferia de São Paulo: frequência e forma de introdução / First alcohol consumption between schools of the periphery of São Paulo: frequency and form of introduction

Objetivo: Identificar a frequência de crianças de escola da periferia de São Paulo que já consumiram bebida alcoólica, e a forma de introdução. Metodologia: Estudo realizado com 201 crianças de 6 a 12 anos de uma escola da periferia de São Paulo. Foi pedido que respondessem à afirmação “Tomo bebida alcóolica”. Em caso de resposta positiva, perguntou-se: onde, quando e por quem a bebida foi introduzida pela primeira vez. Resultados: 9,0% já haviam consumido bebida alcoólica alguma vez na vida. Dentre essas, 52,9% referiram que algum familiar, os pais em maioria, a ofereceu pela primeira vez. 23,5% relataram terem feito o primeiro uso escondido dos pais, e sozinhos. Conclusão: Há uma convergência de que o primeiro contato ocorreu na casa de familiares, durante algum tipo de festa. O consumo de bebidas alcoólicas em situações festivas é algo presente em muitas famílias brasileiras, expondo as crianças precocemente ao contato com essa bebida.

Objective: Identify the frequency of children from a school of the outskirts of São Paulo who have already consumed alcohol, and the way of introduction. Methodology: This study was carried out with 201 children aged 6 to 12 from a school in the outskirts of São Paulo. They were asked to respond to the statement “I drink alcohol”. In the case of a positive answer, the researcher asked: where, when and by whom the drink was first introduced.. Results: 9.0% had ever consumed alcoholic beverages in their lifetime. Of these, 52.9% reported that a relative, mostly the parents, offered it for the first time; 23.5% reported having made their first use hide from parents, and alone. Conclusion: There is a convergence of the first contact occurred in the home of relatives during some kind of party. The consumption of alcoholic beverages in festive situations is something present in many Brazilian families, exposing them early to contact with this drink.

Objetivo: Identificar la frecuencia de niños de escuela de la periferia de São Paulo que ya consumieron bebida alcohólica, y la forma de introducción. Metodología: Estudio realizado con 201 niños de 6 a 12 años de una escuela de la periferia de São Paulo. Se le pidió que respondieran a la afirmación “Tomo bebida alcohólica”. En caso de respuesta positiva, se preguntó: donde, cuando y por quien la bebida fue introducida por primera vez. Resultados: 9,0% ya habían consumido una bebida alcohólica alguna vez en la vida. Entre ellas, 52,9% mencionó que algún familiar, en su mayoría los padres, lo ofreció por primera vez. 23,5% relató haber hecho el primer uso escondido de los padres y solos. Conclusión: Hay una convergencia de que el primer contacto se dio en la casa de familiares, durante algún tipo de fiesta. El consumo de bebidas alcohólicas en situaciones festivas es algo presente en muchas familias brasileñas, exponiéndolas precozmente al contacto con esa bebida.