RESUMO
Atrazine (ATZ) is one of the most widely used herbicides in the world. A scientometric study was conducted to analyze the evolution of research on ATZ. The study also looked at the use of microalgae and cyanobacteria as biological models for toxicity tests during the period from 1959 to 2019, in the category of toxicology of Web of Science. The results show an increase in the number of scientific publications mainly in the USA, Canada, and China. The majority of papers was published in journals with high impact factors, demonstrating the relevance of such studies. About 83% of the studies aimed to evaluate the effect of ATZ on non-target organisms. From those, 7.5% included microalgae and cyanobacteria. The majority of them worked with chlorophyceae to perform toxicity bioassays of ATZ and analyze its sublethal effects. The gaps identified by this analysis included a small number of collaborations between research groups from different countries; the number of studies with terrestrial organisms, which are larger in comparison to aquatic organisms; and the fact that none of the studies with ATZ and microalgae was performed in the field. These findings can point out to researchers and funding agencies the gaps in knowledge on the toxic effects of ATZ and guide the development of new research projects as well as environmental policies.
Assuntos
Atrazina , Cianobactérias , Herbicidas , Microalgas , Atrazina/toxicidade , Canadá , China , Herbicidas/toxicidadeRESUMO
Limnoperna fortunei (mexilhão dourado), um bivalve de água doce do sudeste da Ásia, invadiu o sul da América do Sul em torno de 1991. Dados de ocorrência da espécie e salinidade ao longo do ano foram usados para predizer o potencial de sobrevivência de L. fortunei na Laguna dos Patos, RS. Um modelo preditivo foi construído usando regressão logística. Obtivemos na literatura 26 registros de presença (vivo, morto) de L. fortunei e valores de salinidade medidos em cada um destes registros na Laguna dos Patos entre o período de 2001 a 2004. Registros adicionais de salinidade foram utilizados para interpolar os valores por toda a Laguna dos Patos. Sobrevivência de L. fortunei diminui quando a salinidade aumenta na Laguna dos Patos. Os mapas de distribuição predita das áreas favoráveis à sobrevivência de L. fortunei indicam que durante os períodos de baixas salinidades as regiões límnica, pré-límnica e estuarina da laguna mostraram-se favoráveis para a sobrevivência da espécie. Nos períodos de altas salinidades (verão) a sobrevivência do molusco é favorável apenas na região límnica e na região pré-límnica. Estes resultados sugerem que o controle mais efetivo desta espécie deve ser feito durante o verão.
Limnoperna fortunei (golden mussel), a freshwater bivalve native to Southeast Asia, invaded southern South America around 1991. Using species' occurrence records and salinity in different seasons in Laguna dos Patos, RS, Brazil, we predict survival probabilities in different regions of the lagoon during the different seasons of the year. We fitted the data to a logistic regression model. A total of 26 presence records (live, dead) of L. fortunei and salinity at those locations were obtained from the literature for the Laguna dos Patos in the period 2001-2004. Additional data on salinity were used to interpolate salinity values to all regions of the lagoon. The logistic regression model shows that survival decreases as salinity increases. The model predicted high survival probability of the species during periods of low salinity (austral winter) in the limnic, pre-limnic and estuarine regions of the lagoon. During the high salinity period (summer), the species is able to survive only in the limnic and pre-limnic region of the lagoon. These data suggest that control measures should be carried out most effectively during the summer.
