Flunixin Meglumine Is Superior to Meloxicam for Providing Analgesia after Surgical Castration in 2-Month-Old Goats.

Farm animals are exposed to various painful procedures during their productive lives, making it necessary to implement anesthetic and analgesic protocols. However, there are few studies evaluating the effectiveness of these drugs. Our objective was to compare the analgesic effects of two nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): meloxicam (MEL) and flunixin meglumine (FLU), in goat kids subjected to surgical castration under local anesthesia. Anglo-Nubian goat kids (60 days old) were allocated into two groups: MEL (n = 9), and FLU (n = 8), each administered 5 min before starting castration. All had been previously subjected to local anesthesia with lidocaine, injected bilaterally into the testes, plus subcutaneous in the scrotal raphe. Pain sensitivity was evaluated using the von Frey monofilaments test. Reactions were recorded before castration (M0), immediately after castration (M1), and once-daily for three consecutive days post-castration (M2, M3, and M4, respectively). Pain assessments were conducted in three body regions: at four points of the scrotum (dorsal and ventral; left and right lateral; R1); medial region of the pelvic limb, gracilis muscle (R2); and hypogastric region of the abdomen (R3). MEL goats had considerably greater pain reaction in R1 and R2 over time, mainly in M2; therefore, FLU was a more effective analgesic than MEL, resulting in less pain reaction.

Description and post-operative evaluation of tie-in technique in tibial osteosynthesis in dogs / Descrição e avaliação pós-operatória de técnica de osteossíntese com tie-in em tíbia

The aim of this study was to describe and analyse the adaptability and functionality of tie-in configuration in tibial osteosynthesis in dogs. Twenty dogs with tibial fracture were included in this study. An orifice was made on the proximal tibial fragment, on the medial side, close to the tibial crest. The drill piece was angled at 45º and projected into the same orifice on the distal sense of the bone. Others orifices made with the aid of a low rotation drill and drill piece with diameter smaller than the chosen implant. After 10 days post-operative, the animals were evaluated. X-ray analysis was performed at the time of clinical examination; immediate post-operative period; and at 30, 60, 90, and 120 days post-surgery. A questionnaire was given to the owners to provide details on the post-operative period. There were no trans-operative complications or suture dehiscence up to the day of suture removal. Partial development of bone callus was observed in 20 dogs within a mean period of 76 days. Three animals showed bone consolidation within 35 days, nine by 60 days, three by 90 days, and 5 by 120 days post-operative. Dynamization was carried out in 9 animals. The surgical access to the tibial medullary canal through the orifice at the proximal medial face, by the tibial tuberosity, enables the insertion of IMP without risks to articular and peri-articular lesions in the knee in dogs.(AU)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever e analisar a funcionalidade da configuração tie-in na ostessíntese de tíbia em cães. Foram usados 21 cães com fratura de tíbia da rotina clinica do hospital veterinário. Somente a primeira cortical (Sis) foi perfurada, em seguida a broca foi inclinada a 45o e projetada no mesmo orifício no sentido distal do osso. foram confeccionados outros orifícios com auxílio de furadeira de baixa rotação e broca cujo diâmetro era menor que o implante escolhido. Os procedimentos radiográficos foram realizados no momento do atendimento clínico, no período pós-operatório imediato e aos 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias pós-cirúrgico. Não houve nenhuma complicação transoperatória, tão pouco deiscência de sutura até o momento da retirada dos pontos de cútis. A formação parcial de calo ósseo foi evidenciada em 20 cães com tempo médio de 76 dias. Três cães obtiveram consolidação óssea em 35 dias, nove aos 60 dias, três aos 90 dias e cinco aos 120 dias de pós-operatório. Dinamizações foram realizadas em nove animais. Após a confirmação radiográfica de consolidação óssea, os implantes dos 20 animais foram totalmente removidos. Concluiu-se que o acesso cirúrgico ao canal medular da tíbia canina por meio de orifício na face medial proximal, junto à tuberosidade da tíbia, permite a inserção do PIM sem risco de lesões articulares e periarticulares no joelho.(AU)

Percepções maternas sobre a assistência nutricional no acompanhamento interdisciplinar do pré-natal e puerpério / Maternal perceptions on nutritional assistance in the interdisciplinary accompaniment of prenatal and postpartum / Percepciones maternas sobre la asistencia nutrición en el seguimiento interdisciplinario de la atención prenatal y puerperio

Os Programas de Residência Multiprofissionais em Saúde (RMS) possibilitam o aumento do escopo de profissões na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF), permitindo um acompanhamento pré-natal integral e interdisciplinar. Nesta perspectiva, o estudo visa descrever as percepções maternas sobre a assistência nutricional fornecida através do acompanhamento interdisciplinar do pré-natal e puerpério em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família (USF) campo da RMS. O estudo foi de campo descritivo-exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, o qual foi realizado nos meses de novembro e dezembro de 2016, na USF São José II, em João Pessoa-PB, com 15 mães que foram acompanhadas, no mínimo, em três interconsultas de pré-natal entre março/2015 e março/2016. O material empírico foi obtido mediante a técnica de entrevista semiestruturada com base em um roteiro contendo questões relacionadas ao objetivo do estudo, utilizando-se o sistema de gravação. Os dados foram analisados mediante a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Ao analisar, emergiram as categorias: "influência da assistência nutricional no controle de ganho de peso e sinais/sintomas relacionados à gravidez"; "mudanças de hábitos alimentares a partir de orientações nutricionais fornecidas durante o acompanhamento pré-natal"; e "importância do acompanhamento interdisciplinar na prevalência de aleitamento materno e na alimentação complementar saudável". As percepções maternas revelaram as potencialidades do acompanhamento pré-natal e puerpério de maneira interdisciplinar e a importância da assistência nutricional para a saúde materno-infantil.

The Multiprofessional Health Residency Programs (MHRP) makes possible to increase the scope of professions in the Family Health Strategy (ESF), allowing integral and interdisciplinary prenatal care. In this perspective, the study aims to describe how maternal perceptions about nutritional care provided through interdisciplinary prenatal and postpartum follow-up in a Family Health Unit (USF), which is field of the MHRP. The study was a descriptiveexploratory field of qualitative approach, developed in November and December 2016, at USF São José II, in João Pessoa-PB, with 15 mothers who were followed at least three prenatal interappointment between March/2015 and March/2016. The empirical material was obtained through semi-structured interview technique; based on a script with questions related to the purpose of the study, using the recording system. The data were analysed through a technique of content analysis. From the analysis emerged as categories: "influence of nutritional assistance in the control of weight gain and signs/symptoms related to pregnancy"; "changes in eating habits based on nutritional guidelines provided during prenatal care"; and "importance of interdisciplinary follow-up on the prevalence of breastfeeding and healthy complementary feeding". The maternal perceptions exposed the potential of prenatal and postpartum monitoring in an interdisciplinary way and the importance of nutritional assistance for maternal and child health.

Los programas de residencia multidisciplinares en Salud (RMS) permitir un mayor alcance profesiones en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF), lo que permite prenatal integral e interdisciplinario. En esta perspectiva, el estudio tiene como objetivo describir las percepciones maternas de la ayuda proporcionada a través nutricional prenatal y puerperio interdisciplinario de seguimiento en una Unidad de Salud de la Familia (USF) campo de RMS. El estudio fue de campo descriptivo-exploratorio de enfoque cualitativo, desarrollado en noviembre y diciembre el año 2016, en USF San José II en João Pessoa-PB, con 15 madres que fueron acompañadas sin mínimo en tres interconsultas de prenatal entre marzo/2015 y marzo/2016. Se obtuvo el material empírico través de la técnica de entrevista semi-estructurada, basado en una secuencia de comandos que contiene preguntas relacionadas con el propósito del estudio, usando el sistema de grabación. Los datos se analizaron utilizando la técnica de análisis de contenido. A partir del análisis, las categorías surgieron: "influencia del soporte nutricional en el control del peso y el aumento de los signos/ síntomas relacionados con el embarazo"; "los hábitos alimenticios cambia de orientación nutricional proporcionada durante la atención prenatal"; y "la importancia de la interdisciplinario seguimiento de la prevalencia de la lactancia materna y la alimentación complementaria sana". percepciones maternas revelaron el potencial de la atención prenatal y puerperio en forma interdisciplinaria y la importancia de la asistencia nutricional para la salud materna e infantil.

Randomised controlled trial of a cognitive narrative intervention for complicated grief in widowhood.

OBJECTIVE: The implementation of bereavement interventions is frequently requested, and its effectiveness has been controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a cognitive narrative intervention for complicated grief (CG) for controlling post-traumatic and depressive issues. METHOD: The study is a randomised controlled trial and uses the Socio Demographic Questionnaire (SDQ), the Inventory of Complicated Grief (ICG), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R). There were three phases in the study: (1) The SDQ and CG evaluations were applied to bereaved elders (n = 82). The bereaved elders with the 40 highest ICG values (≥25) were randomly allocated into two groups: the intervention group (n = 20) and control group (n = 20); (2) participants were evaluated using the BDI and IES-R and the IG gave informed consent to participate in an intervention with four weekly 60-min sessions addressing recall, emotional and cognitive subjectivation, metaphorisation and projecting. (3) Two months later, the ICG, BDI and IES-R assessments were repeated. RESULTS: Outcome measures showed a statistically significant reduction of CG, depressive and traumatic symptoms compared to the controls. Very high effect sizes for the ICG, BDI and IES-R reflect the effectiveness of the intervention along the longitudinal profile. CONCLUSIONS: These results reinforce the importance of brief interventions that combine a reduced number of sessions with lower costs, which is reflected in an increased adherence to the programme along with high effectiveness.

Facilitando uma Conversa sobre Álcool e outras Drogas: um Convite à Reflexão / Facilitating a conversation on alcohol and other drugs: a call for reflection

Relato de experiência com alunos adolescentes, com a promoção de diálogo em torno do tema álcool e outras drogas, visando ampliar o ponto de vista do jovem para além do binômio proibir/legalizar. Partindo do paradigma da complexidade, na trilha do construcionismo social e apoiado na lógica de redução de danos, o artigo pretende contribuir para a discussão a respeito das ações de prevenção. Foi utilizada como método a facilitação sistêmica de processos coletivos, na criação de contexto colaborativo e no acompanhamento do processo de construção do saber coletivo. Alunos e professores entraram em contato com os múltiplos aspectos que envolvem o assunto, exercitaram a reflexão e experimentaram o sentimento de protagonismo na busca de soluções para o enfrentamento do problema. (AU)

Description of an experience with teenager students, involving conversations about the alcohol issues as well as other drugs, aiming to enlarge the point of view of youngsters to a dimension beyond the forbid/legalize binomial. Based on the complexity paradigm, on the trail of social constructionism, and supported by the harm reduction logics, the article intends to further contribute to the discussion concerning prevention actions. The method used here was that of systemic facilitation for collective processes, in the creation of a collaborative context and in the following up of the process for construction of the collective knowledge. Students and teachers have gotten into contact with the multiple aspects that involve the issue, exercised reflection and experiemented the feeling of protagonism in the pursuit of solutions to dace the problem. (AU)

Onset of catatonia at puberty: electroconvulsive therapy response in two autistic adolescents.

Catatonia is a syndrome of motor and behavioral disturbance. It is a poorly understood condition, which is underrecognized and may go untreated despite intensive medical workup and numerous unsuccessful medication trials. However, with treatments known to be effective, such as benzodiazepines and/or electroconvulsive therapy, patients may return to their baseline functioning. Autism and catatonia have been previously reported together. We report 2 patients with autism and mental retardation who developed catatonic symptoms at the onset of puberty. Both patients experienced persistent symptoms over several years and presented with a history of motor disturbance, functional decline, and episodic aggression. Both patients were treated with electroconvulsive therapy resulting in a positive response and functional improvement. Catatonia may persist as a chronic condition, lasting over several months or years, if not recognized and treated.

A participação de indivíduos com lesão medular em atividades físicas e esportivas, uma revisão de literatura sobre barreiras e facilitadores / The participation of spinal cord injury people in physical activities and sports, A literature review on barriers and facilitators

objetivos: A lesão medular é uma das síndromes mais incapacitantes que afetam principalmente adultos jovens, com repercussões sociais e financeiras significativas. De acordo com o atual modelo de reabilitação, cujo objetivo final é a reintegração do indivíduo na comunidade, as atividades físicas e esportivas podem representar um importante recurso para a promoção da participação social, além de contribuir com benefícios fisiológicos e psicológicos. Apesar disso, a prática dessas atividades não é freqüente. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi realizar uma revisão de literatura para identificar os fatores que influenciam a participação de indivíduos com lesão medular em atividades físicas e/ou esportivas. Métodos: Foi realizada busca nas bases de dados Medline, Scielo, Lilacs e Cochrane, e selecionados artigos em Língua Portuguesa e Inglesa, com data de publicação entre 1998 a 2008, que abordassem o tema. Resultados e conclusões: Por meio dessa revisão, foram identificados, como fatores que limitam ou favorecem essa participação, a disponibilidade de dispositivos de auxílio e equipamentos adaptados, ambiente físico ou barreiras arquitetônicas, transporte, prescrição adequada por parte dos profissionais de saúde, gravidade da lesão, envelhecimento e questões psicológicas. Entretanto, esses estudos foram realizados em países desenvolvidos, o que limita a generalização dos achados para países em desenvolvimento como o Brasil. Portanto, sugere-se que pesquisas brasileiras sejam realizadas, com o objetivo de identificar os fatores que limitam a participação social dos indivíduos com lesão medular. A partir dessa identificação, diretrizes e estratégias de intervenção mais efetivas poderão ser formuladas, favorecendo a reintegração de indivíduos com incapacidades secundárias à lesão.

objectives: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most disabling syndromes that affect mainly young adults, having significant social and financial repercussions. According to the current model of rehabilitation, whose goal is the reintegration of the individual in the community, physical activities and sports can represent an important resource for the promotion of the social participation, besides contributing to the physiological and psychological benefits. In spite of this, the practice of such activities is not frequent. Thus, the objective of this study was to do a literature review to identify the factors that influence the participation of SCI people in physical activities and/or sports. Methods: It was performed search in the databases Medline, Scielo, Lilacs and Cochrane, and selected articles in Portuguese and English language, with date of publication from 1998 to 2008, addressing the issue. Results and conclusions: Through this review, many factors were identified, as limiting or favoring that participation, such as the availability of adapted aid devices and equipment, physical environment or architectural barriers, transportation, appropriate prescription by the health professionals, severity of the injury, aging and psychological topics. However, those studies were carried on in developed countries, what limits the application of these findings to developing countries as Brazil. Therefore, it is suggested that Brazilian researches should be done, in order to identify the factors that limit the social participation of the SCI victms. From this identification, more effective guidelines and strategies of intervention migth be formulated, favoring the reintegration of individuals with secondary disabilities due to SCI.