30 años de investigación en maltrato infantil: un análisis bibliométrico (1991-2020)

Introducción: el maltrato infantil es un problema global que afecta el desarrollo de los niños y las niñas, pudiendo tener consecuencias a lo largo de su vida. A pesar de la necesidad de investigar para erradicar este fenómeno, no se ha realizado una aproximación bibliométrica de sus avances recientes. Método: este estudio examinó 16 708 artículos sobre maltrato infantil indexados en la Web of Science entre 1991 y 2020 para establecer las tendencias de investigación. Resultados: el maltrato infantil es un campo activo, influenciado principalmente por Estados Unidos, Canadá y Reino Unido, y revistas de la categoría estudios de la familia, especialmente Child Abuse & Neglect. Los artículos más relevantes abordan el tema como parte de las Experiencias Adversas en la Infancia o se centran en su evaluación. Considerando los artículos más relevantes, los temas más estudiados (sujetos, investigación, maltrato y tipos de maltrato, familia y parentalidad, y trastornos) y los principales focos (maltrato, investigación, sexo, reportes y abuso sexual), es posible que el área se esté reestructurando desde la perspectiva del ecobiodesarrollo, con énfasis en el tratamiento y la prevención. Se discuten sus implicaciones teóricas y prácticas. Conclusiones: este estudio actualiza las tendencias de investigación en el campo del maltrato infantil, proporcionando un panorama comprensivo que sugiere una evolución hacia la integración de múltiples disciplinas y enfoques. Los resultados destacan la importancia de seguir investigando este problema global, así como la necesidad de evaluar las intervenciones existentes para reducir su impacto en el desarrollo de los niños y las niñas.

Introduction: Child abuse is a global problem that affects children's development and can have consequences throughout their lives. Despite the need to research to eradicate this phenomenon, there has not been a bibliometric approach to its recent advances. Method: This study examined 16,708 articles on child abuse indexed in the Web of Science between 1991 and 2020 to establish research trends. Results: Child maltreatment is an active field, mainly influenced by the USA, Canada and the UK, and journals in the family studies category, especially Child Abuse & Neglect. The most relevant articles address the topic as part of Adverse Childhood Experiences or focus on its assessment. Considering the most relevant articles, the most studied topics (subjects, research, maltreatment and types of maltreatment, family and parenting, and disorders) and the main foci (maltreatment, research, sex, reporting, and sexual abuse), it is possible that the area is being restructured under the ecobiodevelopmental perspective, with emphasis on treatment and prevention. Its theoretical and practical implications are discussed. Conclusions: This study updates research trends in the field of child maltreatment, providing a comprehensive overview that suggests an evolution toward the integration of multiple disciplines and approaches. The results highlight the importance of further research on this global problem, as well as the need to evaluate existing interventions to reduce its impact on children's development.

Validation of the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale in Peruvian old adults: a study based on SEM and IRT multidimensional models.

Loneliness is a public health problem. Its assessment is important to identify older adults who experience greater loneliness and appropriate interventions can be carried out. The De Jong Gierveld Solitude Scale (DJGLS) is one of the most widely used, at least in the European context, to measure loneliness. Although the Spanish version of the DJGLS has shown reliability and validity in Spanish samples of older adults, there is no evidence of adequacy in the Latin American context. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the DJGLS in Peruvian older adults. Specifically, factorial validity, internal consistency and criterion-related validity were studied, based on a double analytical perspective: Classical Test Theory (SEM models) and Item Response Theory. The participants were 235 Peruvian older adults with ages ranging from 61 to 91 years old (Mean = 72.69, SD = 6.68) that assisted to Centers for the Elderly in the city of Trujillo, Peru. Together with the DJGLS, information from the three-item UCLA loneliness scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Brief Resilient Coping Scale and the Patient Health Questionnarie-2 was also gathered. The results support a one-dimensional structure of the DJGLS but with the presence of method effects associated to the negatively worded items. Additionally, the IRT multidimensional model applied also indicated the presence of a second dimension related to these negative items. Finally, other evidences of reliability and validity were adequate. In summary, the DJGLS may be considered a reliable and valid instrument to be used in the Peruvian (older adults) context.

Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Personalidad Proactiva en profesores de escuelas de Lima (Perú) / Psychometric Properties of the Proactive Personality Scale in schoolteachers in Lima (Peru)

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Personalidad Proactiva en una muestra de profesores de escuelas de Lima (Perú). Participaron 302 profesores de ambos sexos (72.20 % mujeres) seleccionados a través de un muestreo no probabilístico de tipo intencional, cuyas edades estaban en el rango de 24 a 65 años (M = 43.04, DE = 10.75) y que enseñaban en los niveles educativos de educación primaria y secundaria (75.83 % en educación secundaria). Además de la Escala de Personalidad Proactiva, se aplicó la Escala Sentimiento de Autoeficacia en el Profesor para evaluar la validez convergente. Los resultados indican que la Escala de Personalidad Proactiva se ajusta a una estructura unifactorial (CFI = .949, TLI = .934, RMSEA = .076 y SRMR = .044), se evidencian correlaciones estadísticamente significativas (p < .001) y un tamaño del efecto mediano (rs > .10) con la mayoría de las dimensiones de la Escala Sentimiento de Autoeficacia, y presenta una adecuada consistencia interna (ω = .89). Se concluye que la Escala de Personalidad Proactiva cuenta con evidencias de validez basada en la estructura interna, validez convergente y una fiabilidad adecuada para medir la personalidad proactiva en profesores de escuela.

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Proactive Personality Scale in a sample of teachers from schools in Lima (Peru). Participants were 302 teachers of both sexes (72.20% women) selected through a non-probabilistic sampling of intentional type, whose ages were in the range from 24 to 65 (M = 43.04, DE = 10.75) and who taught at the educational levels of primary and secondary education (75.83% in secondary education). In addition to the Proactive Personality Scale, the Teachers Self Efficacy Scale was applied to assess convergent validity. The results indicate that the Proactive Personality Scale was adjusted to a unifactorial structure (CFI = .949, TLI = .934, RMSEA = .076 y SRMR = .044), there are statistically significant correlations (p <.001) and with a mean effect size (rs> .10) with most of the dimensions of self-efficacy feeling and adequate internal consistency (.89). The Proactive Personality Scale has evidence of validity based on internal structure, convergent validity, and adequate reliability to measure proactive personality in schoolteachers.

Una aproximación al significado del amor en una población infantil en Lima, Perú / An approach An approach to the meaning of love in a child population in Lima, Peru

Resumen El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo aproximarse al significado del amor, a través de su expresión escrita, en una muestra de niños y niñas de Lima Metropolitana de Perú, y examinar sus diferencias según sexo y edad. En total, se contó con la participación de 289 individuos divididos en dos muestras: una muestra exploratoria (n = 50) y otra de confirmación (n = 239). El estudio siguió una metodología mixta, a partir del análisis temático como técnica cualitativa para identificar códigos subyacentes a la definición de amor de los niños, y del análisis clúster jerárquico como técnica cuantitativa para generar un dendrograma. Los resultados revelaron la presencia de seis categorías centrales: relación con otros significativos cercanos, romanticismo y amor propio, relación característica entre adultos, estado positivo, afectividad, y apoyo incondicional. A partir de ello, se concluye que el concepto de amor durante la niñez integra tres categorías del esquema interpretativo de las emociones: contextual o elicitador, experiencia subjetiva, y tendencia expresiva/motivacional.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to approach the meaning of love, through its written expression, in a sample of boys and girls from Metropolitan Lima, Peru, and to examine its differences according to sex and age. A total of 289 children participated in the study, divided into two samples: an exploratory sample (n = 50) and a confirmatory sample (n = 239). The study followed a mixed methodology, using thematic analysis as a qualitative technique to identify codes underlying the children's definition of love, and hierarchical cluster analysis as a quantitative technique to generate a dendrogram. The results revealed the presence of six central categories: relationship with significant others, romanticism and self-love, characteristic relationship between adults, positive state, affectivity, and unconditional support. From this, it is concluded that the concept of love during childhood integrates three categories of the interpretative scheme of emotions: contextual or elicitor, subjective experience, and expressive/motivational tendency.

Assessment of Fear of COVID-19 in Older Adults: Validation of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale.

There is no information in Peru on the prevalence of mental health problems associated with COVID-19 in older adults. In this sense, the aim of the study was to gather evidence on the factor structure, criterion-related validity, and reliability of the Spanish version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) in this population. The participants were 400 older adults (mean age = 68.04, SD = 6.41), who were administered the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Revised Mental Health Inventory-5, Patient Health Questionnaire-2 items, and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 2 items. Structural equation models were estimated, specifically confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), bifactor CFA, and structural models with latent variables (SEM). Internal consistency was estimated with composite reliability indexes (CRI) and omega coefficients. A bifactor model with both a general factor underlying all items plus a specific factor underlying items 1, 2, 4, and 5 representing the emotional response to COVID better represents the factor structure of the scale. This structure had adequate fit and good reliability, and additionally fear of COVID had a large effect on mental health. In general, women had more fear than men, having more information on COVID was associated to more fear, while having family or friends affected by COVID did not related to fear of the virus. The Spanish version of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale presents evidence of validity and reliability to assess fear of COVID-19 in the Peruvian older adult population.

Obsession with Covid-19 in Peruvian police and armed forces: Validation of the obsession with Covid-19 Scale in Spanish using SEM and IRT models.

The study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS) in 214 police and members of the armed forces (Mage = 29.33 years, SD = 11.28). The one-dimensionality and satisfactory reliability of OCS were confirmed with confirmatory factor analysis, Item Response Theory analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and McDonald's omega. The scale is useful for identifying individuals with low levels of persistent and disturbing thoughts about COVID-19. COVID-19 obsession was associated with COVID-19 fear, anxiety, and depression. The OCS is suitable for investigating the psychological impact of COVID-19 on members of the police and armed forces.

[Burnout Syndrome in Schools Teachers From Latin American Countries]. / Síndrome de Burnout en profesores de escuelas de países latinoamericanos.

En los últimos años se ha escuchado mucho sobre el síndrome de burnout conocido también como "síndrome de agotamiento profesional" SAP y cómo influye en nuestra satisfacción laboral, un porcentaje de trabajadores no se encuentra satisfecho con las actividades que realiza, ya que solo trabajan para subsistir o por necesidad.

Interdisciplinaria: Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines. Un análisis bibliométrico (2009-2017) / Interdisciplinaria: Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines. A bibliometric analysis (2009-2017)

Resumen El estudio tuvo por objetivo realizar un análisis bibliométrico de Interdisciplinaria: Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines, considerando las publicaciones indizadas en la base bibliográfica Scopus (2009-2017). A partir de una muestra final de 173 artículos científicos, se realizó la descripción de la distribución de los documentos según el sexo de los autores y el idioma de la publicación, así también, se evaluó el cumplimiento de la ley de Lotka sobre la producción científica de los autores. Además, se estimaron índices de colaboración (Lawani, 1981, 1986; Subramanyam, 1983) y se visualizaron las relaciones entre los países de las instituciones de filiación de los autores firmantes. De igual forma, se describió la concentración de trabajos de acuerdo con áreas temáticas y metodologías de investigación. En los resultados se destaca una mayor presencia de mujeres en comparación con los hombres, tanto en la primera autoría como en el total de autores. Así también, se cumple con la ley de Lotka y se visualiza el incremento de trabajos colaborativos en los últimos dos trienios, lo cual se evidencia en los índices de colaboración descritos. Por otra parte, se encontró que los trabajos se concentran en áreas como la psicología educacional, metodología y psicometría. Finalmente, se observa que predominan los trabajos que siguieron metodología cuantitativa. El análisis y discusión de los resultados permite mostrar el trabajo realizado por Interdisciplinaria en los últimos años, siendo un referente para la comunicación del conocimiento científico en los países de Iberoamérica.

Abstract Scientific journals constitute the main channels of the dissemination of scientific knowledge. For this reason, in recent years, the amount of bibliometric studies aiming to elucidate the main features of published articles has increased. This allows for the understanding of investigated topics, contribution and collaboration among authors, institutions and countries involved, as well as the identification of new trends of research. In the field of psychology, the journals with the greatest impact are edited and managed in Anglo-American and Western European countries. Within the Latin American context however, there are also significant editorial efforts to publish relevant articles as in the case of Interdisciplinaria: Revista de Psicología y Ciencias Afines, considered a mainstream scientific journal that is indexed in important bibliographic databases (Scopus, WoS- Scielo Citation Index, Scielo) which have maintained the journal's validity for more than 35 years. The importance of Interdisciplinaria motivates novel research into the characteristics of the scientific articles it publishes. Therefore, this study carries out a bibliometric analysis of Interdisciplinaria, considering the publications indexed in the bibliographic database Scopus (2009-2017). First the history, current status of the journal, and the importance of the bibliometric studies are presented. Then, the process of identification, selection and registration of scientific articles published and indexed in Scopus is formally addressed. From a final sample of 173 articles, the documents were broken down according to the authors' gender and the language of the publication. Moreover, the compliance with Lotka's Law on the scientific production of the authors was evaluated. Also, the collaboration rates (Lawani, 1981, 1986; Subramanyam, 1983) were estimated and the collaborative relationships among countries of the authors' affiliations were displayed. Hence, the sampled works were categorized according to thematic areas and research methodologies. The results reveal a greater presence of women than men, both in the first authorship and in the total authors. Thus the author distribution complies with Lotka's Law. In particular, it is noted that few authors have the highest number of contributions, while many authors have the least number of contributions. With regard to collaborative work, a substantial increase appeared in the last two triennia (2012-2014 and 2015-2017). This is evident by computing the values of the Lawani and Subramanyam rates. Furthermore, the works are concentrated in areas such as educational psychology, methodology, and psychometry among others (e.g. neuropsychology, comparative psychology, environmental psychology). Finally, it was noted that contributions on quantitative methodology predominated, followed by theoretical studies. The analysis and discussion of the results allow Interdisciplinaria to be used as a reference in the communication of scientific knowledge in Latin America countries, concluding that its denomination as a journal of psychology and related sciences is fairly attributed, since it publishes studies from different fields, a number of which show the connection between psychology and other disciplines.

Design and validation of a scale to measure worry for contagion of the COVID-19 (PRE-COVID-19). / Diseño y validación de una escala para medir la preocupación por el contagio de la COVID-19 (PRE-COVID-19).

OBJECTIVE: The increase in COVID-19 cases is generating fear and concern in society, which generates an emotional response that influences the adoption of health-related behaviors. The objective of the study is to design and validate the Scale of Worry for Contagion of COVID-19 (PRE-COVID-19). METHOD: The study had a descriptive cross-sectional design. The population were young people and adults who resided in the cities of Lima and Callao (Perú) during the declaration of the national health emergency due to the COVID-19 pandemic, during the period from March 16 to 27, 2020, who were recruited through a non-probability sample. The PRE-COVID-19, the WHO-Five Well-Being Index, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2 and a single item were applied to measure the general perception of health. The scales were shared using a Google form through social networks. An internal consistency reliability analysis and structural equation models were performed, specifically confirmatory factor analysis. The recommendations of the Declaration of Helsinki and the principles that guide the ethical practice of online studies were followed. RESULTS: Eight hundred and sixteen young people and adults from Lima and Callao (200 men and 616 women; mean age 28.40, SD 7.10) participated. The results show a one-dimensional model with satisfactory goodness-of-fit indices: χ2 (9)=52.00; CFI=0.99; RMSEA=0.09 [0.07, 0.12]; WRMR=0.85. The λ of the model were higher than 0.50 and the reliability had an excellent value (ω=0.90). Likewise, the convergent and discriminant validity is evident between PRE-COVID-19 and measures of anxiety, well-being and self-reported health. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the PRE-COVID-19 is a valid and reliable instrument to measure concern about the spread of COVID-19 and the emotional impact on people.

La producción científica de la revista Acta Colombiana de Psicología: Análisis descriptivo y bibliométrico del período 2015-2019 / La producción científica de la revista Acta Colombiana de Psicología: Análisis descriptivo y bibliométrico del período 2015-2019

Abstract The objective of this article is the description and bibliometric analysis of the articles published in the journal Acta Colombiana de Psicología between 2015 and 2019. Their evolution and trends are analyzed to implement strategies that allow their permanent qualification regarding a) scientific quality, b) visibility, c) impact and d) geographic coverage, among others. The database included 127 scientific articles. Descriptive analyzes (frequencies and percentages) were performed and some bibliometric indices were calculated: a) productivity index, b) Lawani and Subramanyam indices and c) Pratt index. These analyzes were carried out using an Excel spreadsheet supplemented with the IBM SPSS version 23 statistical package. The most significant findings allow observing an important number of papers with international authorship (74%), high development of articles in the areas of clinical and health psychology (42.5%) and psychometry (21.3%) and an emphasis on works of a quantitative nature (87%). The journal continues making significant contributions to the development of psychology in Latin America.

Resumen El presente artículo tuvo como objetivo la descripción y el análisis bibliométrico de los artículos publicados en la revista Acta Colombiana de Psicología entre los años 2015 y 2019. Se analizó su evolución y tendencias con el fin de implementar estrategias que permitan la permanente cualificación de la revista, sobre todo en cuanto a calidad científica, visibilidad, impacto y cobertura geográfica. Para esto, se construyó una base de datos con 127 artículos científicos, con los cuales se realizaron análisis descriptivos -frecuencias y porcentajes- y se calcularon algunos índices bibliométricos -como el índice de productividad, los índices de Lawani y Subramanyam, y el índice de Pratt- mediante una planilla en Excel complementada con el paquete estadístico IBM SPSS, versión 23. Los hallazgos más significativos permiten observar un importante número de trabajos con autoría internacional (74 %), un desarrollo elevado de artículos en el área de psicología clínica y de la salud (42.5 %), así como en psicometría (21.3 %), y un énfasis de trabajos de corte cuantitativo (87 %). La revista continúa realizando aportes significativos para el desarrollo de la psicología en Hispanoamérica.

Fear of Loneliness: Development and Validation of a Brief Scale.

This research aims to develop and validate a Spanish version of The Brief Scale of Fear of Loneliness (BSFL). Participants were 1385 youth and adults, 347 from a pilot sample and 1032 from the final version, whose ages were in the range of 18 to 40 years. Two instruments, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, in their Peruvian versions, were used to support the relationship with other variables. Results show that the BSFL should be interpreted as a one-dimensional measure, the same ones that were examined at the exploratory level and verified at the confirmatory moment (RMSEA < 0.08, CFI > 0.95), and its reliability is considered good (ω > 0.88). In addition, the quality of the item content was reviewed by six expert judges for relevance and validity, with Aiken's V being greater than 0.70. It is concluded that the BSFL is a valid and precise short instrument that can be used in future research studies.

Nuevo coronavirus (COVID-19). Un análisis bibliométrico / Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). A bibliometric analysis

The new coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has spread to 180 countries, causing more than half a million confirmed cases and more than 40 thousand deaths. The main objective of this study was to analyze the world scientific production related to COVID-19. A literature search was performed using the Scopus database. A total of 547 published documents were identified, analyzing characteristics such as: type of publication, collaboration index, most productive countries, scientific journals, the institutions that are publishing the most on the subject and indicators of citations and impact. China was ranked first with 213 published documents (20.9%). Regarding the journals with the higher number of published documents, these were , and the . Likewise, was identified as the institution presenting the highest leadership regarding the number of publications. The total number of citations for all the publications was of 1.685. The h-index of the retrieved articles was of 42, and four articles were found with more than 100 quotations. This study offers a first approach to the global efforts aimed to this new area of research, which in only three months has substantially increased, and is expected to remain being prolific.

La pandemia del nuevo coronavirus (COVID-19) se ha extendido a 180 países, ocasionando más de medio millón de casos confirmados y más de 40.000 muertes. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar la producción científica mundial relacionada con el COVID-19. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica utilizando la base de datos Scopus. Se identificaron un total de 547 documentos publicados, analizándose características tales como: modalidad de publicación, los índices de colaboración, los países más productivos, las revistas científicas, las instituciones que más están publicando sobre el tema e indicadores de citación e impacto. Se identifica a China como el país que ocupa el primer lugar con 213 (20,9%) documentos publicados. Por su parte, , y el son las revistas con mayor número de documentos publicados. A su vez, se identifica a la como la institución que presenta mayor liderazgo respecto al número de publicaciones. El número total de citas de todas las publicaciones fue de 1.685, el índice h de los artículos recuperados fue de 42 y se ubican cuatro artículos con más de 100 citas. El presente estudio ofrece una primera aproximación a los esfuerzos globales dirigidos a esta nueva área de investigación, que en solo tres meses se ha incrementado de forma sustancial y que se estima continúe siendo prolífica.

The Fiftieth Anniversary of the Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología: A Bibliometric Analysis / Cincuentenario de la Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología: un análisis bibliométrico

Abstract The aim of this study was to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología (RLP) journal in commemoration of its fiftieth anniversary in order to discover its evolution as a journal and its scientific production. We extracted a dataset from the Web of Science's principal collection from 1975 to 2017. This contained a total sample of 2,163 scientific documents, which were processed using Excel and SciMat programmes. The bibliometric indicators used were H-Classics, TC2, identification of the most commonly cited authors and journals, and references. We used Lotka's Law to analyse research productivity. Results showed that the content included 48.6% scientific articles and 42.1% book reviews. Spain had the highest number of articles published. Burrhus Skinner, Rubén Ardila, Rogelio Díaz Guerrero, and Albert Bandura were the most commonly cited authors. Analyses revealed certain strengths of and challenges faced by the RLP. Future research should compare these results with journals from other countries.

Resumen El objetivo de este artículo es realizar un análisis bibliométrico de la Revista Latinoamericana de Psicología (RLP) en el marco del cincuentenario de su creación con el propósito de conocer la evolución de la revista y su producción científica. Se construyó una base de datos extraída de la colección principal de la Web of Science del período 1975-2017 con una muestra total de 2.163 documentos científicos, los cuales fueron procesados con los programas Excel y SciMAT. Se aplicaron una serie de indicadores bibliométricos, tales como H-Classics, TC2, identificación de principales autores y revistas citantes, y también de las referencias. Además, se estudió la Ley de Lotka para estudiar la concentración de la productividad. En los resultados se destaca que 48.6% de los documentos son artículos científicos y 42.1% son reseñas de libros; España es el país con más artículos asociados. Finalmente, cabe destacar que los autores más referenciados son Buhrrus Skinner, Rubén Ardila, Rogelio Díaz Guerrero y Albert Bandura. El análisis permite visualizar algunas de las fortalezas y desafíos de la RLP. Sería interesante en futuros estudios realizar comparaciones con revistas de otros países.

Percepción de riesgo ante las inundaciones en personas que habitan en zonas vulnerables de Lima, Perú / Risk perception of people living in vulnerable zones of Lima (Peru) during floods

Introducción: En el último año, el Perú experimentó un fenómeno climático denominado el Niño costero. Este generó lluvias, huaicos e inundaciones, afectando a miles de personas y ocasionando la declaración en emergencia sanitaria del país. A pesar de la ocurrencia de fenómenos similares en las zonas afectadas, estas suelen ser ocupadas como lugares de residencia. Objetivo: Identificar las características de la percepción de riesgo ante las inundaciones en personas que habitan en zonas vulnerables. Método: Investigación empírica cualitativa desarrollada en el año 2017. Se aplicó la técnica de la entrevista semiestructurada a nueve personas residentes en cuatro distritos de Lima (Perú) propensos a inundaciones. La información recolectada se analizó con el apoyo del software para el análisis cualitativo de datos Atlas.ti v.7.0, utilizando elementos de la Teoría Fundamentada para desarrollar los procesos de codificación y categorización. Resultados: Se encontró que los participantes no poseen percepción de riesgo ante la amenaza de las inundaciones. Conciben a las inundaciones como una amenaza cuando experimentan sus consecuencias. Conclusiones: Se requieren desarrollar investigaciones de carácter interdisciplinario que permitan generar evidencia para el desarrollo de intervenciones orientadas a la construcción de una percepción de riesgo coherente con las consecuencias e impacto de las inundaciones(AU)

Introduction: In the last year, Peru experienced a climatic phenomenon called Niño Costero. This generated rains, alluviums and floods affecting thousands of people and causing the declaration of health emergency in the country. In spite of the occurrence of similar phenomena in the affected areas, these are usually occupied as places to live. Objective: To identify the characteristics of risk's perception during floods in people who live in vulnerable zones. Method: A qualitative empirical research was developed in the year 2017. The semi-structured interview technique was conducted in nine people living in four districts of Lima (Peru) whom were susceptible to flooding. The information collected was analyzed with the support of Atlas.ti v. 7.0., software for the qualitative data analysis, using elements of the Grounded Theory to develop the coding and categorization processes. Results: It was found that the participants do not elaborate a perception of risk before the threat of floods. They envisage the floods as a threat when experience their consequences. Conclusions: It is necessary to implement interdisciplinary researches that allow to generate evidence for the development of interventions aimed to the creation of a risk's perception that will be coherent with the consequences and the impact of floods(AU)

Translation and content validity of a brief scale of mindfulness for Peruvian adolescents. / Traducción y validez de contenido de una escala breve de mindfulness para adolescentes peruanos.

OBJECTIVE: To translate into Spanish and analyze the evidence of validity based on the content of the items in the brief version of the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale of 5 items (MAAS-5). METHOD: An instrumental study that involved the translation to Spanish of the items of the short version of the MAAS-5 scale, using the back-translation procedure. We analyzed the evidence of validity based on the test content, with the participation of a total of 14 expert judges. The degree of clarity, coherence and relevance of the items was quantified using the Aiken V coefficient and their 95% confidence intervals using an ad hoc template developed in the MS Excel program. RESULTS: The items of the MAAS-5 show favourable evaluations of their clarity, coherence and relevance, where all the values of V were statistically significant and greater than 0.70. On the other hand, the lower limit of 95% confidence intervals of all the items satisfies the criterion at population level (Li˃0.59). CONCLUSION: The empirical evidence of validity based on the test content of the MAAS-5 reports that all are sufficiently relevant, coherent and clear to adequately represent the construct mindfulness, both at sample and population level. This suggests that the MAAS-5 can be a brief and useful measure to assess mindfulness. On the other hand we suggest carrying out further studies that analyze other sources of evidence of validity of the MAAS-5.

Evidencias psicométricas iniciales de la escala de autoeficacia para envejecer (EAEE) en adultos mayores peruanos / Evidence psychometric initial of the scale of self-efficacy for aging (EAEE) in peruvian elderly

Resumen El estudio examina las evidencias psicométricas de la Escala de Autoeficacia para Envejecer (EAEE) en una muestra de 400 adultos mayores (75.2% mujeres y 24.8% hombres) de la ciudad de Trujillo (Perú) con una edad promedio de 73.37 años (DE = 7.86). Los participantes completaron la EAEE junto con medidas de satisfacción con la vida y depresión. El análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE), reveló que la EAEE presentaba una estructura factorial unidimensional. El análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC), mostró que el modelo unidimensional tenía un ajuste aceptable (S-Bχ2 = 54.02, df = 345 p = .001; S-Bχ2/df = 1.54; CFI = .97; RMSEA = .052 [IC90% .021, .078]; y SRMR = .049; AIC= 118.96) y una confiabilidad adecuada (ω = .88 [IC95% .84 - .91]; α = .88 [IC95%: .84 - .91]). Los puntajes de la EAEE se correlacionaron de manera positiva con la satisfacción con la vida (r = .56, p< .01 [IC95%: .46, .79]) y negativa con la depresión (r = -.48, p< .01 [IC95%: -.37, -.73]). Los resultados sugieren que la EAEE presenta evidencias de validez basada en la estructura interna, convergente y discriminante, así como una adecuada confiabilidad.

Abstract The study examines the psychometric evidences of the Self-Efficacy Scale for Aging (EAEE) in a sample of 400 older adults (75.2% women and 24.8% men) from the city of Trujillo (Peru) with an average age of 73.37 years (DE = 7.86). The participants completed the EAEE along with measures of life satisfaction and depression. The exploratory factor analysis (AFE) revealed that the EAEE presented a one-dimensional factorial structure. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed that the one-dimensional model had an acceptable fit (S-Bχ2 = 54.02, df = 345 p = .001; S-Bχ2/df = 1.54; CFI = .97; RMSEA = .052 [IC90% .021, .078]; y SRMR = .049; AIC= 118.96) and an adequate reliability (ω = .88 [IC95% .84 - .91]; α = .88 [IC95%: .84 - .91]). EAEE scores correlated positively with satisfaction with life (r = .56, p< .01 [IC95%: .46, .79]) and negative with depression (r = -.48, p< .01 [IC95%: -.37, -.73]). The results suggest that the EAEE presents evidence of validity based on the internal structure, convergent and discriminant, as well as an adequate reliability.