Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin in dogs

Background: Meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO) is a critical cause of neurological disorders in dogs, mainly affecting small young individuals. Its symptomatology is varied and depends on the affected neuroanatomic region. The ante mortem diagnosis of this condition is uncertain, being achieved by discarding other conditions and often occurring definitively only by performing a necropsy. Thus, this study aims to report 2 cases of meningoencephalitis, one necrotizing and the other granulomatous in dogs. Cases: Case 1. A 3-year-old, Shih Tzu bitch with a body weight of 4 kg, showing proprioceptive ataxia, behavior of walking in circles, and evolving rapidly to non-ambulatory paresis, was treated. The neurological examination showed a posture of decerebrate stiffness and absence of withdrawal reflex and proprioception, suggesting brainstem injury. Laboratory tests showed mild neutrophilia and lymphopenia, while the rapid test for distemper was non-reactive. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed lymphocytic pleocytosis, and the PCR tests of the CSF, blood, and urine for the detection of infectious diseases were negative, as well as the culture. With no improvement in clinical condition and exams showing a progressive degenerative condition unresponsive to available treatments, the tutor opted for euthanasia of the patient. The subsequently requested necropsy confirmed the diagnosis of granulomatous meningoencephalitis. Case 2. This case refers to a 1-year-and-5-month-old male Maltese breed weighing 4.8 kg. This animal presented walking in circles behavior and loss of vision for a week, with signs worsening rapidly. In the neurological evaluation, the patient presented sensitivity in the middle ear, difficulty opening the mouth, hearing deficit in the right ear, blindness in the right eye, a proprioceptive deficit in the right anterior limb, and head pressing. Laboratory tests showed nonregenerative anemia and mild lymphopenia. After 1 day of hospitalization, the patient showed worsening clinical condition, with obstruction, absence of facial and auricular sensitivity, and nasal stimulus. In addition, onset of generalized seizures was observed; therefore, CSF was analyzed, which did not present significant alterations except for detecting reactive lymphocytes. The bacteriological culture of CSF resulted in no bacterial growth. In addition, the same neurological PCR panel performed for the previous patient was negative. After 5 days of intensive care, the patient presented a cardiorespiratory arrest and died. The subsequently requested necropsy confirmed the diagnosis of necrotizing meningoencephalitis. Discussion: The 2 reported cases confirm that MUO should be considered during the differential diagnoses of patients with neurological alterations. It is known that small-breed dogs are predisposed to these diseases. Laboratory tests and medical imaging are crucial for clinical guidance, helping to discard other neurological pathologies, especially those due to bacterial, fungal, and/or viral agents. However, definitive diagnosis of MUO can only be performed through necropsy and histopathological analysis. For the reported cases, CSF analysis, neurological PCR panel for detecting possible infectious agents, and bacterial culture were essential to rule out other possible causes of meningoencephalitis. Unfortunately, MUO includes progressive neurological disorders causing the patient's death.

Aripiprazole prevents stress-induced anxiety and social impairment, but impairs antipredatory behavior in zebrafish.

Environmental pollution caused by antipsychotic residues is a relevant ecological problem. Studies revealed that residues of these drugs are present in a wide range of different ecosystems and can have adverse effects on non-target organisms even in low environmental concentrations. Among these antipsychotic drugs, aripiprazole (APPZ) is a second-generation atypical antipsychotic that is a partial agonist of dopaminergic and serotoninergic receptors. APPZ is used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and anxiety or panic disorders. Thus, in this study we posed the following question: "What will be the behavioral effects of waterborne APPZ on fish?" To answer this question, we exposed adult zebrafish to different APPZ concentrations (0.556, 5.56, and 556 ng/L) for 15 min and evaluated their exploratory, anxiety-like, social, and anti-predatory behaviors. Our results showed that, despite the apparent beneficial reversal of stress-induced social impairment and anxiety-like behavior, APPZ exposure impaired the anti-predatory reaction of adult zebrafish. Taken altogether, our results show that APPZ-exposed zebrafish may have a decreased perception of predators, even at concentrations lower than those already detected in the environment. A failure to exhibit an antipredatory response may favor the predator, decrease the fitness of the prey species, and, consequently, affect the food chain. Our results highlight the risks and consequences associated with APPZ residues in water, which may affect aquatic life and endanger species that depend on appropriate behavioral responses for survival.

Tratamento prévio com trilostano e levotiroxina em subdose dificultam diagnóstico de hipotireoidismo canino / Previous treatment with trilostane and levotiroxin in subdosis difficult the diagnosis of canine hypothyroidism

Background: hypothyroidism is a disease of clinical importance that causes multisystem disorders, which can be confused with other endocrinopathies. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is necessary in order to avoid worsening of the clinical manifestation. The use of drugs in a wrong way can directly imply the difficulty of the diagnostic approach, since they may cause changes in the biochemical profiles, which are of great importance as markers in diseases of animals with low thyroid function.Case: The case reports a German Spitz male, one year old and six months old, neutered, who presented bilateral do not cause itching alopecia, being treated by another professional for endocrine and fungal affections. In this same medical appointment were neglected biochemical and hematological profile exams. The exams that had been performed were skin scrapings, which showed growth of fungi and bacteria, besides the measurement of thyroid hormones as TSH, T4L (T4 free) e T3, and also the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test. Based on the findings the therapy instituted by such professional was the administration of itraconazole (ITL®), levothyroxine sodium (compounded drugs) and trilostane (compounded drugs). With absence of clinical improvement, the guardian came to the hospital veterinary, in search of a second diagnostic opinion, where during the collection of information at the time of the anamnesis the patient presented lethargy, drowsiness and absence of hair on both sides. During the clinical examination, the animal presented mild bradycardia and a slightly diminished rectal temperature; in the dermatological evaluation the presence of pup pelt, cutaneous hyperpigmentation and hair thinning in the abdominal area were noted. From this evaluation, hematological exams were requested, which had altered the presence of lymphocytosis, and biochemical tests, where changes in the cholesterol and triglyceride levels were expected, but they were within the normal range.[...]

Tratamento prévio com trilostano e levotiroxina em subdose dificultam diagnóstico de hipotireoidismo canino / Previous treatment with trilostane and levotiroxin in subdosis difficult the diagnosis of canine hypothyroidism

Background: hypothyroidism is a disease of clinical importance that causes multisystem disorders, which can be confused with other endocrinopathies. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is necessary in order to avoid worsening of the clinical manifestation. The use of drugs in a wrong way can directly imply the difficulty of the diagnostic approach, since they may cause changes in the biochemical profiles, which are of great importance as markers in diseases of animals with low thyroid function.Case: The case reports a German Spitz male, one year old and six months old, neutered, who presented bilateral do not cause itching alopecia, being treated by another professional for endocrine and fungal affections. In this same medical appointment were neglected biochemical and hematological profile exams. The exams that had been performed were skin scrapings, which showed growth of fungi and bacteria, besides the measurement of thyroid hormones as TSH, T4L (T4 free) e T3, and also the low-dose dexamethasone suppression test. Based on the findings the therapy instituted by such professional was the administration of itraconazole (ITL®), levothyroxine sodium (compounded drugs) and trilostane (compounded drugs). With absence of clinical improvement, the guardian came to the hospital veterinary, in search of a second diagnostic opinion, where during the collection of information at the time of the anamnesis the patient presented lethargy, drowsiness and absence of hair on both sides. During the clinical examination, the animal presented mild bradycardia and a slightly diminished rectal temperature; in the dermatological evaluation the presence of pup pelt, cutaneous hyperpigmentation and hair thinning in the abdominal area were noted. From this evaluation, hematological exams were requested, which had altered the presence of lymphocytosis, and biochemical tests, where changes in the cholesterol and triglyceride levels were expected, but they were within the normal range.[...](AU)

Psychotropic in the environment: risperidone residues affect the behavior of fish larvae.

The ability to avoid and escape from predators are clearly relevant behaviors from the ecological perspective and directly interfere with the survival of organisms. Detected in the aquatic environment, risperidone can alter the behavior of exposed species. Considering the risk of exposure in the early stages of life, we exposed zebrafish embryos to risperidone during the first 5 days of life. Risperidone caused hyperactivity in exposed larvae, which in an environmental context, the animals may be more vulnerable to predation due to greater visibility or less perception of risk areas.

Just Keep Swimming: Neuroendocrine, Metabolic, and Behavioral Changes After a Forced Swimming Test in Zebrafish.

In this study, we show that an adaptation of the spinning test can be used as a model to study the exercise-exhaustion-recovery paradigm in fish. This forced swimming test promotes a wide range of changes in the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal axis functioning, intermediary metabolism, as well in fish behavior at both exercise and recovery periods. Our results pointed that this adapted spinning test can be considered a valuable tool for evaluating drugs and contaminant effects on exercised fish. This can be a suitable protocol both to environmental-to evaluate contaminants that act in fish energy mobilization and recovery after stressors-and translational perspectives-effects of drugs on exercised or stressed humans.

Waterborne aripiprazole blunts the stress response in zebrafish.

Here we provide, at least to our knowledge, the first evidence that aripiprazole (APPZ) in the water blunts the stress response of exposed fish in a concentration ten times lower than the concentration detected in the environment. Although the mechanism of APPZ in the neuroendocrine axis is not yet determined, our results highlight that the presence of APPZ residues in the environment may interfere with the stress responses in fish. Since an adequate stress response is crucial to restore fish homeostasis after stressors, fish with impaired stress response may have trouble to cope with natural and/or imposed stressors with consequences to their welfare and survival.

Waterborne Risperidone Decreases Stress Response in Zebrafish.

The presence of drugs and their metabolites in surface waters and municipal effluents has been reported in several studies, but its impacts on aquatic organisms are not yet well understood. This study investigated the effects of acute exposure to the antipsychotic risperidone on the stress and behavioral responses in zebrafish. It became clear that intermediate concentration of risperidone inhibited the hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis and displayed anxiolytic-like effects in zebrafish. The data presented here suggest that the presence of this antipsychotic in aquatic environments can alter neuroendocrine and behavior profiles in zebrafish.

Cistolitectomia para a remoção de 2340 urólitos em cão obeso da raça Cocker Spaniel – relato de caso / Cistolitectomy for removal of 2340 uroliths in obese dog Cocker Spaniel –- a case report

Embora a urina seja uma solução complexa, na qual diversos sais podem permanecer sob condições de super saturação, existe tendência muito forte para a precipitação e formação de sólidos a partir dos sais em dissolução. Os urólitos são formados a partir da cristalização dos sais em decorrência de diversos fatores e a urolitíase não é uma doença específica primária, mas sequela de desordens subjacentes. O presente relato descreve um caso de um canino fêmea, Cocker Spaniel, nove anos de idade, pesando 19,6 Kg, na qual se realizou o diagnóstico de múltiplos cálculos vesicais e posterior tratamento através de cistotomia para a remoção de 2340 urólitos. Segundo o histórico,o canino do presente relato frequentemente eliminava pequenos cálculos durante a micção, porém não apresentava outros sinais clínicos sugestivos de afecção no trato urinário inferior como disúria, hematúria, estrangúria, polaquiúria e incontinência urinária.O presente relato demonstra que é possível tratar cirurgicamente 2340 cálculos vesicais em cães, com adequada evolução do paciente em questão, sem recidivas, pelo período de cinco meses.

While the urine is a complex in which various salts may remain under conditions of supersaturation, there is a strong tendency for precipitation and formation of solid salts from dissolving in this organ. The urolithsare formed from crystallization of salts due to several factors and it is a disease specific primary. This report describes a case of a female dog, cocker spaniel, nine years old, weighing 19,6Kg, which was held in the diagnosis of multiple bladder stones and subsequent treatment by cystotomy for removal of 2340uroliths. According to the clinical history, the dog of this report often eliminated small calculi during urination, but showed another clinical signs of disease in the lower urinary tract such as dysuria, hematury, strangury, pollakiury and urinary incontinence. The present report demonstrates the surgical removal of bladder stones impressive 2.340, and the good evolution of the same ove a period of five months.

Cistolitectomia para a remoção de 2340 urólitos em cão obeso da raça Cocker Spaniel relato de caso / Cistolitectomy for removal of 2340 uroliths in obese dog Cocker Spaniel –- a case report

Embora a urina seja uma solução complexa, na qual diversos sais podem permanecer sob condições de super saturação, existe tendência muito forte para a precipitação e formação de sólidos a partir dos sais em dissolução. Os urólitos são formados a partir da cristalização dos sais em decorrência de diversos fatores e a urolitíase não é uma doença específica primária, mas sequela de desordens subjacentes. O presente relato descreve um caso de um canino fêmea, Cocker Spaniel, nove anos de idade, pesando 19,6 Kg, na qual se realizou o diagnóstico de múltiplos cálculos vesicais e posterior tratamento através de cistotomia para a remoção de 2340 urólitos. Segundo o histórico,o canino do presente relato frequentemente eliminava pequenos cálculos durante a micção, porém não apresentava outros sinais clínicos sugestivos de afecção no trato urinário inferior como disúria, hematúria, estrangúria, polaquiúria e incontinência urinária.O presente relato demonstra que é possível tratar cirurgicamente 2340 cálculos vesicais em cães, com adequada evolução do paciente em questão, sem recidivas, pelo período de cinco meses.AU

While the urine is a complex in which various salts may remain under conditions of supersaturation, there is a strong tendency for precipitation and formation of solid salts from dissolving in this organ. The urolithsare formed from crystallization of salts due to several factors and it is a disease specific primary. This report describes a case of a female dog, cocker spaniel, nine years old, weighing 19,6Kg, which was held in the diagnosis of multiple bladder stones and subsequent treatment by cystotomy for removal of 2340uroliths. According to the clinical history, the dog of this report often eliminated small calculi during urination, but showed another clinical signs of disease in the lower urinary tract such as dysuria, hematury, strangury, pollakiury and urinary incontinence. The present report demonstrates the surgical removal of bladder stones impressive 2.340, and the good evolution of the same ove a period of five months.AU

Contaminação ambiental em um hospital veterinário e perfil de susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos das bactérias isoladas / Environmental contamination of veterinary hospital and profile of antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated bacteria

Avaliou-se a contaminação ambiental no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade de Passo Fundo (HV-UPF) e realizaram-se testes de eficiência de desinfetantes e antibiogramas com as bactérias isoladas. A contaminação ambiental foi inferior à recomendação da APHA de 30 ufc/cm2 (sedimentação simples) e 2 ufc/cm2 (swabs), mas isolaram-se Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter agglomerans e Arcanobacterium pyogenes. Os princípios ativos testados foram álcool 70%, amônia quaternária 3,5% e hipoclorito de sódio. O hipoclorito mostrou-se ineficaz contra as bactérias testadas, o álcool 70% foi ineficaz contra a E. aglomerans e S. epidermidis com trinta segundos de contato e a amônia quaternária 3,5% foi ineficaz contra a E.coli nos tempos de trinta segundos, um e cinco minutos e a P. aeruginosa após trinta segundos de contato. No teste de sensibilidade a antimicrobianos, 100% dos S. epidermidis foram resistentes à penicilina G, à oxacilina e ao cloranfenicol; 66,6% à ciprofloxacina, à cefepime e à rifamicina B, e 33,3% à eritromicina, ao sulfametoxazol+trimetoprim e à gentamicina. Já o TSA das demais bactérias isoladas revelou multirresistência. A contaminação ambiental no HV-UPF foi diminuída a níveis aceitáveis com os procedimentos de higienização adotados, mas isolaram-se do ambiente hospitalar bactérias patogênicas e com potencial de multirresistência.

This study assessed the contamination at the Veterinary Hospital of Passo Fundo University (HV-UPF), and the isolated bacteria were submitted to disinfectants efficacy tests and to antibiograms. Contamination was lower than 30 cfu/cm2 (air) and 2 cfu/cm2 (surfaces), within the limits established by APHA, but Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter agglomerans and Arcanobacterium pyogenes were isolated. Alcohol 70%, quaternary ammonium 3.5% and sodium hypochlorite where tested. Sodium was ineffective against all bacteria, alcohol 70 % was ineffective against E. aglomerans and S. epidermidis after 30 s and quaternary ammonium 3.5% was ineffective against E.coli after 30 s, one and five minutes and P. aeruginosa after 30 s. The results of the antimicrobial susceptibility test performed on isolated strains of S. pidermidis revealed that 100% of the strains were resistant to penicillin G, oxacillin and chloramphenicol; 66.6% to ciprofloxacin, cefepime and rifamycin B, and 33.3% to erythromycin, sulfa+trimethoprim and gentamicin. The antimicrobial susceptibility test performed on other isolates showed that most of them were multiresistant, with resistance to three or more antimicrobials. The environmental contamination at HV-UPF can be reduced to acceptable levels through the cleaning procedures but bacteria with pathogenic potential and antimicrobial resistance are still isolated.

Pododermatite plasmocitária felina: relato de caso / Feline plasma cell pododermatitis: case report

A pododermatite plasmocitária felina é uma doença cutânea rara, cuja etiopatogenia é desconhecida. Entretanto, alguns autores referem que uma base imunológica pode estar associada devido à resposta benéfica à terapia imunossupressora com altas doses de glicocorticóides. É possível ocorrer concomitantemente a uma série de doenças sistêmicas e cutâneas incluindo as imunomediadas, infecciosas e neoplásicas, dentre outras condições diversas. Os dados da literatura são bastante escassos, sendo pouco encontrados no Brasil. O presente estudo relata o caso de um felino fêmea, que apresentava sinais específicos de pododermatite plasmocitária, o qual teve seu diagnóstico confirmado por meio da histopatologia

Feline plasma cell pododermatitis is a rare skin disease whose etiology is unknown. Some authors report that an immunological basis can be associated due to the beneficial response to immunosuppressive therapy with high doses of glucocorticoids. Several cutaneous diseases can occur simultaneously, including immune mediated dermatitis, infectious and neoplasic affections. The literature data are very scarce, being rarely found in Brazil. The present study reports the case of a feline with specific clinical signs of plasma cell pododermatitis. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology

Contaminação ambiental em um hospital veterinário e perfil de susceptibilidade a antimicrobianos das bactérias isoladas / Environmental contamination of veterinary hospital and profile of antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated bacteria

Avaliou-se a contaminação ambiental no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade de Passo Fundo (HV-UPF) e realizaram-se testes de eficiência de desinfetantes e antibiogramas com as bactérias isoladas. A contaminação ambiental foi inferior à recomendação da APHA de 30 ufc/cm2 (sedimentação simples) e 2 ufc/cm2 (swabs), mas isolaram-se Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter agglomerans e Arcanobacterium pyogenes. Os princípios ativos testados foram álcool 70%, amônia quaternária 3,5% e hipoclorito de sódio. O hipoclorito mostrou-se ineficaz contra as bactérias testadas, o álcool 70% foi ineficaz contra a E. aglomerans e S. epidermidis com trinta segundos de contato e a amônia quaternária 3,5% foi ineficaz contra a E.coli nos tempos de trinta segundos, um e cinco minutos e a P. aeruginosa após trinta segundos de contato. No teste de sensibilidade a antimicrobianos, 100% dos S. epidermidis foram resistentes à penicilina G, à oxacilina e ao cloranfenicol; 66,6% à ciprofloxacina, à cefepime e à rifamicina B, e 33,3% à eritromicina, ao sulfametoxazol+trimetoprim e à gentamicina. Já o TSA das demais bactérias isoladas revelou multirresistência. A contaminação ambiental no HV-UPF foi diminuída a níveis aceitáveis com os procedimentos de higienização adotados, mas isolaram-se do ambiente hospitalar bactérias patogênicas e com potencial de multirresistência.(AU)

This study assessed the contamination at the Veterinary Hospital of Passo Fundo University (HV-UPF), and the isolated bacteria were submitted to disinfectants efficacy tests and to antibiograms. Contamination was lower than 30 cfu/cm2 (air) and 2 cfu/cm2 (surfaces), within the limits established by APHA, but Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter agglomerans and Arcanobacterium pyogenes were isolated. Alcohol 70%, quaternary ammonium 3.5% and sodium hypochlorite where tested. Sodium was ineffective against all bacteria, alcohol 70 % was ineffective against E. aglomerans and S. epidermidis after 30 s and quaternary ammonium 3.5% was ineffective against E.coli after 30 s, one and five minutes and P. aeruginosa after 30 s. The results of the antimicrobial susceptibility test performed on isolated strains of S. pidermidis revealed that 100% of the strains were resistant to penicillin G, oxacillin and chloramphenicol; 66.6% to ciprofloxacin, cefepime and rifamycin B, and 33.3% to erythromycin, sulfa+trimethoprim and gentamicin. The antimicrobial susceptibility test performed on other isolates showed that most of them were multiresistant, with resistance to three or more antimicrobials. The environmental contamination at HV-UPF can be reduced to acceptable levels through the cleaning procedures but bacteria with pathogenic potential and antimicrobial resistance are still isolated.(AU)

Pododermatite plasmocitária felina: relato de caso / Feline plasma cell pododermatitis: case report

A pododermatite plasmocitária felina é uma doença cutânea rara, cuja etiopatogenia é desconhecida. Entretanto, alguns autores referem que uma base imunológica pode estar associada devido à resposta benéfica à terapia imunossupressora com altas doses de glicocorticóides. É possível ocorrer concomitantemente a uma série de doenças sistêmicas e cutâneas incluindo as imunomediadas, infecciosas e neoplásicas, dentre outras condições diversas. Os dados da literatura são bastante escassos, sendo pouco encontrados no Brasil. O presente estudo relata o caso de um felino fêmea, que apresentava sinais específicos de pododermatite plasmocitária, o qual teve seu diagnóstico confirmado por meio da histopatologia(AU)

Feline plasma cell pododermatitis is a rare skin disease whose etiology is unknown. Some authors report that an immunological basis can be associated due to the beneficial response to immunosuppressive therapy with high doses of glucocorticoids. Several cutaneous diseases can occur simultaneously, including immune mediated dermatitis, infectious and neoplasic affections. The literature data are very scarce, being rarely found in Brazil. The present study reports the case of a feline with specific clinical signs of plasma cell pododermatitis. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology(AU)

Diferentes formas de manifestações clínicas do sertolioma em cães / Canine Sertolli cells tumours: differents clinical manifestations

O sertolioma é uma neoplasia testicular comum em cães machos. De diferentes raças, mais freqüente em idosos. Pode ocorrer em testículos escrotais, ou em criptorquidas, ou naquelas presentes nas hérnias escrotais. Alguns animais podem manifestar sinais de feminilização e/ou discrasia sanguínea, decorrente do hiperestrogenismo. A metástase é raramente encontrada, e o tratamento indicado é a orquiectomia bilateral. O presente estudo tem por objetivo apresentar diferentes manifestações desta patologia em cinco cães: dois com testículos escrotais ulcerados, dois com síndrome da feminilização e um criptorquida. Todos os animais foram submetidos a orquiectomia, e não apresentaram discrasia sanguínea, nem imagem compatível com metástase no RX torácico. Estes animais foram avaliados por um período de um a dois anos através de RX torácicos e exame clínico geral e não apresentam recidiva da doença, sendo a orquiectomia eficaz no controle da mesma

The sertolioma is a common testis tumor in male dogs, of different races, more frequent in scrotal testis, or in criptorchids, or in those presents in the scrotal hernias. Some animals can manifest female signs, or blood discrasia, due to the hiperestrogenysm. The metastasis is rarely found, and the suitable treatment is the bilateral orchiectomy. The present study has for objective to present different manifestations of this pathology in five dogs: two with scrotal testis ulcerated, two with syndrome of the female dog and a criptorchidism. All the animals was submitte to orchiectomy and they didn’t present blood discrasia, nor compatible image with metastasis in thoracic SX. These animals were appraised for a period of one to two years through thoracic RX and general clinical exam, and at the clinical exam did not return. So the orchiectomy was efficient to control that

Diferentes formas de manifestações clínicas do sertolioma em cães / Canine Sertolli cells tumours: differents clinical manifestations

O sertolioma é uma neoplasia testicular comum em cães machos. De diferentes raças, mais freqüente em idosos. Pode ocorrer em testículos escrotais, ou em criptorquidas, ou naquelas presentes nas hérnias escrotais. Alguns animais podem manifestar sinais de feminilização e/ou discrasia sanguínea, decorrente do hiperestrogenismo. A metástase é raramente encontrada, e o tratamento indicado é a orquiectomia bilateral. O presente estudo tem por objetivo apresentar diferentes manifestações desta patologia em cinco cães: dois com testículos escrotais ulcerados, dois com síndrome da feminilização e um criptorquida. Todos os animais foram submetidos a orquiectomia, e não apresentaram discrasia sanguínea, nem imagem compatível com metástase no RX torácico. Estes animais foram avaliados por um período de um a dois anos através de RX torácicos e exame clínico geral e não apresentam recidiva da doença, sendo a orquiectomia eficaz no controle da mesma(AU)

The sertolioma is a common testis tumor in male dogs, of different races, more frequent in scrotal testis, or in criptorchids, or in those presents in the scrotal hernias. Some animals can manifest female signs, or blood discrasia, due to the hiperestrogenysm. The metastasis is rarely found, and the suitable treatment is the bilateral orchiectomy. The present study has for objective to present different manifestations of this pathology in five dogs: two with scrotal testis ulcerated, two with syndrome of the female dog and a criptorchidism. All the animals was submitte to orchiectomy and they didnt present blood discrasia, nor compatible image with metastasis in thoracic SX. These animals were appraised for a period of one to two years through thoracic RX and general clinical exam, and at the clinical exam did not return. So the orchiectomy was efficient to control that(AU)

Influência de três tipos de vias de fornecimento de dietas pós-operatórias na cicatrizaçäo de esofagotomia cervical em cäes / Influence of three different post-operative diets supplies in cicatrization of cervical esophagotomy in dogs

Três vias de fornecimento de dietas pós-operatórias foram comparadas na cicatrizaçäo de esofagostomia cervical. Foram utilizados 15 cäes, divididos em três grupos (GI, GII e GIII). No GI foi procedida à fluidoterapia durante 48 horas, alimento líquido durante mais 48 horas e pastoso por 72 horas (dieta tradicional), no GII o alimento foi fornecido por sonda faringogástrica, colocada por faringostomia, e no GIII por sonda gástrica, implantada por gastrostomia endoscópica percutânea. Para avaliar a cicatrizaçäo, foram realizados exame clínico diário e esofagoscopias semanais, durante seis semanas. A endoscopia perceberam-se algumas ocorrências indesejáveis que retardam a cicatrizaçäo da mucosa esofágica: edema entre os pontos na primeira endoscopia pós-operatória (GI) e ulceraçöes na mucosa esofágica pelo atrito da sonda faringogástrica sobre a cicatriz (GII). A alimentaçäo por sonda gástrica resultou em menor tempo de cicatrizaçäo (1,40 ñ 0,55 semanas, p < 0,01), em comparaçäo aos alimentados por sonda faringogástrica (4,25 ñ 1,50 semanas). No GIII as características clínicas da cicatrizaçäo foram de melhor qualidade, provavelmente devido à ausência de movimentos de deglutiçäo e de atrito do bolo alimentar sobre a ferida cirúrgica. Com base nos resultados, recomenda-se o uso de nutriçäo enteral por sonda gástrica colocada por gastrostomia endoscópica percutânea, durante os primeiros sete dias de pós-operatório, e, na ausência de um endoscópio, a dieta tradicional, que resulta em cicatrizaçäo de melhor qualidade do que o uso de sonda por faringostomia