RESUMO
This paper describes a simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of PGT/1A (3-L-pyroglutamyl-L-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid), a new immunostimulating drug, in plasma and urine. The column was packed with LiChrospher-NH2 (5 microns), the mobile phase was 0.02 M monobasic potassium phosphate (pH 3.2 with concentrated phosphoric acid)-acetonitrile (25:75, v/v), the flow-rate was 1.2 ml/min, the detection wavelength was 210 nm and the apparatus was a Varian Model 5000. Plasma (1 ml) was added to 1.2 ml of acetonitrile and the supernatant injected; the urine was diluted 1:5. The retention time of PGT/1A was 9.4 min in plasma and 9.9 min in urine. The method was validated for recovery, accuracy and reproducibility. The results after intravenous injection in twelve volunteers are also given.
Assuntos
Adjuvantes Imunológicos/sangue , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão/métodos , Compostos de Potássio , Ácido Pirrolidonocarboxílico/análogos & derivados , Tiazóis/sangue , Acetonitrilas/administração & dosagem , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/urina , Adulto , Humanos , Injeções Intravenosas , Masculino , Fosfatos/administração & dosagem , Potássio/administração & dosagem , Ácido Pirrolidonocarboxílico/administração & dosagem , Ácido Pirrolidonocarboxílico/sangue , Ácido Pirrolidonocarboxílico/urina , Tiazóis/administração & dosagem , Tiazóis/urina , TiazolidinasAssuntos
Adjuvantes Imunológicos/farmacologia , Linfócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Pirrolidinonas/farmacologia , Ácido Pirrolidonocarboxílico/farmacologia , Tiazóis/farmacologia , Animais , Infecções Bacterianas/imunologia , Infecções Bacterianas/prevenção & controle , Terapia de Imunossupressão , Linfócitos/imunologia , Macrófagos/imunologia , Camundongos , Ácido Pirrolidonocarboxílico/análogos & derivados , TiazolidinasAssuntos
Benzamidas/farmacologia , Fármacos Gastrointestinais/farmacologia , Metoclopramida/análogos & derivados , Estômago/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Catalepsia/induzido quimicamente , Esvaziamento Gástrico/efeitos dos fármacos , Fármacos Gastrointestinais/síntese química , Metoclopramida/farmacologia , Camundongos , Prolactina/sangue , RatosRESUMO
Sixteen subjects, mean age 59 +/- 18, 11 normal and 5 with coronary artery disease, all having premature ventricular and/or atrial beats in the standard resting electrocardiogram (ECG), were studied to analyse the chronobiologic parameters of these arrhythmias. Single cosinor analysis of the data obtained by 96-hour ECG performed according to the Holter system, demonstrated: A) significant circadian rhythm in heart rate for all the subjects, with acrophases occurring between 12.56 and 17.36; B) significant circadian rhythms of premature ventricular beats for the majority of the subjects, with acrophases distributed along the 24 hours; C) significant circadian rhythms in premature atrial beats for 8 subjects, with acrophases occurring between 04.24 and 18.12; D) a spectrum of significant ultradian rhythms in heart rate with various periodicities, both in normal and in coronary patients; E) significant ultradian rhythms in premature ventricular beats for 8 subjects with periods ranging from 5h 15' to 17h. Population mean cosinor analysis demonstrated: A) significant circadian group rhythm in heart rate for all the 16 subjects and for the group of 11 normal subjects; B) no significant circadian group rhythm for premature ventricular and atrial beats. These findings suggest that the study of the individual chronobiologic pattern of premature beats may help to optimize antiarrhythmic therapy.
