Impacto del tiempo desde la biopsia a la prostatectomía radical en la infragradación del grado de Gleason y análisis de factores relacionados / The impact of time from biopsy to radical prostatectomy on Gleason score undergrading and other related factors

INTRODUCCIÓN: La infragradación del grado de Gleason de la biopsia (IGGB) puede impactar en el manejo y pronóstico de los pacientes con cáncer de próstata. Se analiza el posible impacto del tiempo y otros factores clínico-analíticos y la aparición de IGBB en nuestra serie. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Estudio multicéntrico ambispectivo de 1.955 pacientes con cáncer de próstata localizado intervenidos mediante prostatectomía radical entre 2005 y 2018. Se utiliza estadística descriptiva y pruebas de contraste de hipótesis con análisis uni- y multivariado para comunicar los RESULTADOS: RESULTADOS: Edad media 63,69 años (44-80), mediana de PSA 8,70 ng/ml (1,23-99). Se observa IGGB en el 34,7% de toda la muestra. En el 72,8% de los casos la IGGB fue en un único punto consecutivo del grado de Gleason: el paso de 3 + 3 a 3 + 4 fue el más frecuente (289 pacientes, 47,6%). La realización de prostatectomía radical antes o después de 90-180 días desde la biopsia no impactó en su infragradación en ninguno de los grupos. En los análisis uni- y multivariante, la presencia de tumor o tacto rectal patológico en ambos lóbulos, la carga tumoral ≥ 50% de los cilindros totales y una DPSA ≥ 0,20 mostraron capacidad discriminativa independiente para seleccionar pacientes que presentaron IGGB. CONCLUSIONES: El tiempo desde la biopsia hasta la prostatectomía radical no mostró impacto en IGGB. El número de cilindros afectados, la DPSA y presentar tumor bilateral fueron parámetros de fácil acceso que pueden ayudarnos a seleccionar pacientes con mayor probabilidad de presentar IGGB

INTRODUCTION: Gleason score biopsy undergrading (GSBU) can have an impact on the management and prognosis of patients with prostate cancer. We analyze the possible impact of time and other clinical and analytical factors in the appearance of GSBU in our series. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Ambispective, multicenter study of 1955 patients with localized prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy between 2005 and 2018. Descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing are reported by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Mean age 63.69 (44-80) years, median PSA 8.70 ng / ml (1.23-99). GSBU was observed in 34.7% of the entire cohort. In 72.8% of the cases, the GSBU occurred in one consecutive Gleason score, with the progression from 3 + 3 to 3 + 4 being the most frequent (289 patients, 47.6%). Performing radical prostatectomy 90-180 days before or after the biopsy does not have an impact on its undergrading in any of the groups. In the univariate and multivariate analysis, the presence of tumor or pathological rectal examination in both lobes, the tumor load ≥ 50% of cylinders and a DPSA ≥ 0.20, showed independent discriminative capacity to select patients who presented GSBU. CONCLUSIONS: The time from biopsy to radical prostatectomy did not show impact on GSBU. The number of affected cylinders, bilateral tumor and DPSA are easily accessible parameters that can help us select patients with greater probability of presenting GSBU

The impact of time from biopsy to radical prostatectomy on Gleason score undergrading and other related factors. / Impacto del tiempo desde la biopsia a la prostatectomía radical en la infragradación del grado de Gleason y análisis de factores relacionados.

INTRODUCTION: Gleason score biopsy undergrading (GSBU) can have an impact on the management and prognosis of patients with prostate cancer. We analyze the possible impact of time and other clinical and analytical factors in the appearance of GSBU in our series. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Ambispective, multicenter study of 1955 patients with localized prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy between 2005 and 2018. Descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing are reported by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Mean age 63.69 (44-80) years, median PSA 8.70 ng / ml (1.23-99). GSBU was observed in 34.7% of the entire cohort. In 72.8% of the cases, the GSBU occurred in one consecutive Gleason score, with the progression from 3 + 3 to 3 + 4 being the most frequent (289 patients, 47.6%). Performing radical prostatectomy 90-180 days before or after the biopsy does not have an impact on its undergrading in any of the groups. In the univariate and multivariate analysis, the presence of tumor or pathological rectal examination in both lobes, the tumor load ≥50% of cylinders and a DPSA ≥0.20, showed independent discriminative capacity to select patients who presented GSBU. CONCLUSIONS: The time from biopsy to radical prostatectomy did not show impact on GSBU. The number of affected cylinders, bilateral tumor and DPSA are easily accessible parameters that can help us select patients with greater probability of presenting GSBU.

Detecting nematode features from digital images.

Procedures for estimating and calibrating nematode features from digitial images are described and evaluated by illustration and mathematical formulae. Technical problems, such as capturing and cleaning raw images, standardizing the grey level range of images, and the detection of characteristics of the body habitus, presence or absence of stylet knobs, and tail and lip region shape are discussed. This study is the first of a series aimed at developing a set of automated methods to permit more rapid, objective characterizations of nematode features than is achievable by cumbersome conventional methods.

Line detection and texture analysis for automatic nematode identification.

This paper is the second in a series studying procedures for estimating and calibrating features of nematodes from digital images. Two kinds of features were analyzed for recognition: those with a directional component and those with a textural component. Features that have a directional component (lateral field and annules) were preprocessed with classic algorithms and modified by directional filters. Features having texture (esophagus and intestine) were analyzed with vectors of measures to define them and the statistical technique CART (classification and regression trees) to explain the role that each measure plays in the identification and discrimination process.

Description of Pratylenchoides camachoi n. sp. (Tylenchida: Pratylenchidae) from Spain.

Pratylenchoides camachoi n. sp. from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) in Sierra De Cazorla in southeastern Spain is described and illustrated. Pratylenchoides camachoi n. sp. is a bisexual species characterized by a cylindroid, sometimes clavate-shaped, male tail with a uniquely shaped smooth, rounded terminus. Females are characterized by a short esophageal overlap and six lines in the lateral field, which reduce to four in the tail region; not areolated except outer bands in the esophageal and tail regions.

Morphometrics and SEM Illustrations of Three Species of Ogma Southern, 1914 (Nematoda: Criconematidae) from Spain.

Ogma civellae (Steiner, 1949) Raski &Luc, 1987, O. cobbi (Micoletzky, 1922) Siddiqi, 1986, and O. palmatum (Siddiqi &Southey, 1962) Siddiqi, 1986 are reported in natural habitats in southeastern Spain. Each is briefly described using light microscopy, and the original descriptions are amplified and supplemented by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Measurements with standard deviations and SEM illustrations are included for each species and compared with previous data.