RESUMO
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive nervous system tumor with a poor prognosis. Although, surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy are the current standard protocol for GBM patients, there is still a poor prognosis in these patients. Temozolomide (TMZ) as a first-line therapeutic agent in GBM can easily cross from the blood-brain barrier to inhibit tumor cell proliferation. However, there is a high rate of TMZ resistance in GBM patients. Since, there are limited therapeutic choices for GBM patients who develop TMZ resistance; it is required to clarify the molecular mechanisms of chemo resistance to introduce the novel therapeutic targets. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate chemo resistance through regulation of drug metabolism, absorption, DNA repair, apoptosis, and cell cycle. In the present review we discussed the role of miRNAs in TMZ response of GBM cells. It has been reported that miRNAs mainly induced TMZ sensitivity by regulation of signaling pathways and autophagy in GBM cells. Therefore, miRNAs can be used as the reliable diagnostic/prognostic markers in GBM patients. They can also be used as the therapeutic targets to improve the TMZ response in GBM cells.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos , Glioblastoma , MicroRNAs , Temozolomida , Humanos , Temozolomida/farmacologia , Temozolomida/uso terapêutico , Glioblastoma/genética , Glioblastoma/tratamento farmacológico , Glioblastoma/patologia , MicroRNAs/genética , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/genética , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Animais , Dacarbazina/análogos & derivados , Dacarbazina/uso terapêutico , Dacarbazina/farmacologia , Autofagia/efeitos dos fármacos , Autofagia/genética , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Nanotechnology has emerged as an effective approach to cancer treatment, including Colorectal Cancer (CRC). While conventional treatments, such as chemotherapeutic agents, are used to manage CRC, their efficacy can be improved using drug delivery systems that enhance their bioavailability and reduce side effects. Niosomes, polymeric nanoparticles, have shown promise as biocompatible vehicles that can transport hydrophilic and lipophilic molecules. This can result in reduced drug dosage and increased efficacy. This review examines the use of niosomal formulations as a delivery platform for treating CRC and provides practical insights into their clinical applications.
