Risk selection in the health care market: a workshop overview.

In a voluntary health insurance market, risk selection poses serious and increasing problems. Responding to this concern, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation sponsored an invitational meeting for public and private decision makers to understand the incentives for risk selection in the health insurance market and to discuss options for reducing risk selection practices. The meeting, held October 6, 1994, provided a framework for exploring this timely issue and served as a vehicle for understanding how health care reforms, such as insurance market regulation and risk adjustment mechanisms, both can reduce and exacerbate incentives for risk selection. This article sets the context for the three commissioned papers that follow; it summarizes the ideas presented and issues identified for future consideration. Failure to address risk selection will continue to have serious consequences both for access to care for vulnerable populations and for the financial viability of health plans.

Managing the health care system under a global expenditure limit: a workshop summary.

There is ongoing debate as to whether global budgets, or expenditure limits, are compatible with a strategy for managed competition. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation sponsored an invitational conference for public and private policymakers to discuss the issue. The meeting's purpose was to explore how global expenditure limits might work and what their implications would be for costs, access, and quality of health care. This article summarizes the ideas presented at the conference, looking in particular at global expenditure limit models in Germany and Canada. Overall, the papers and presentations at this meeting demonstrated that global expenditure limits have the potential to provide the necessary fiscal discipline to manage the health care system and provide a greater degree of certainty and accountability for payers, providers, and patients. However, it is also clear that without a common set of principles about the role health care should play in our society and an agreed upon framework of governance for the system, it will be difficult for the United States to resolve the detailed and complex implementation and administration issues of a reformed health care system.

Administrative costs in the U.S. health care system: the problem or the solution?

The estimates of potential savings as a result of reductions in administrative costs have generated considerable controversy. In response to this debate, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation sponsored an invitational workshop for policymakers, health services researchers, and key stakeholders in the health care system. The workshop, conducted by the Alpha Center in February this year, provided a framework for identifying, measuring, and weighing the value of administrative costs and served as a vehicle for discussion of these issues. This article summarizes the presentations, the issues raised, and questions for further research. Overall, the papers and presentations emphasized that while the focus of attention has been on the controversy over whether particular aggregate estimates of administrative costs and potential savings are correct, the fundamental underlying issue is how the health care system might best be managed.