Neuroproteomics: Unveiling the Molecular Insights of Psychiatric Disorders with a Focus on Anxiety Disorder and Depression.

Anxiety and depression are two of the most common mental disorders worldwide, with a lifetime prevalence of up to 30%. These disorders are complex and have a variety of overlapping factors, including genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors. Current pharmacological treatments for anxiety and depression are not perfect. Many patients do not respond to treatment, and those who do often experience side effects. Animal models are crucial for understanding the complex pathophysiology of both disorders. These models have been used to identify potential targets for new treatments, and they have also been used to study the effects of environmental factors on these disorders. Recent proteomic methods and technologies are providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms of anxiety disorder and depression. These methods have been used to identify proteins that are altered in these disorders, and they have also been used to study the effects of pharmacological treatments on protein expression. Together, behavioral and proteomic research will help elucidate the factors involved in anxiety disorder and depression. This knowledge will improve preventive strategies and lead to the development of novel treatments.

Potential of Nanomedicines as an Alternative for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer - A Review.

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second in cases of cancer-related death. Polytherapy generates many adverse effects, leading the patient to give up. Nanotechnology has been studied in recent years to circumvent limitations. Groups composed of polymeric, lipid, and inorganic nanoparticles are the most purpose. Thus, the objective of this work is to bring information on how nanosystems can improve the chemotherapeutic treatment for colorectal cancer. Therefore, a search in journals such as "LILACS", "SciELO" and "PubMed/Medline" was performed, resulting in 25,000 articles found when applied the search engines "nanoparticle," "colorectal cancer," "malignant neoplasms," and "chemotherapy." After inclusion and exclusion factors, 24 articles remained, which were used as the basis for this integrative review. The results reveal that, regardless of the choice of matrix, nanoparticles showed an increase in bioavailability of the active, increasing the half-life by up to 13 times, modified release, as well as a significant reduction in tumor size, with cell viability up to 20% lower than the free drug tested, in different colorectal cancer cell lines, such as HCT-116, HT-29, and CaCo-2. However, more in vivo and clinical studies need to be performed, regardless of the formulation of its matrix, aiming at a higher rate of safety for patients and stability of the formulations, as well as knowledge of detailed indices of its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, seeking to avoid further damage to the recipient organism.

Change in Rotavirus Vaccine Coverage in Brazil from before (2015-2019) through the COVID-19 Pandemic Period (2020-2021).

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a reduction in vaccination coverage of children and adolescents was observed in several countries. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the pandemic, in the first two years, on human rotavirus vaccine (HRV) coverage in Brazil compared with previous years. The number of doses of HRV administered in the period from January 2015 to December 2021 and its annual vaccination coverage were analyzed. The vaccination coverage decreased to 77.3% in 2020 and to 70.4% in 2021, substantially lower than the minimum that would be expected (89.2%); the decline was more pronounced in the second year of the pandemic despite the fact that in this period, the circulation restrictions were already less tight. Of the five Brazilian macro-regions, the northeast had the largest decline, and the south had the smallest impact on coverage. At the municipal level, less than half of the Brazilian municipalities managed to achieve vaccination coverage above 90% in either pandemic year. Although there was already a downward trend in coverage in the pre-pandemic years, the present study shows that the values recorded in 2020 and 2021 were significantly lower. Monitoring of vaccination coverage in the coming years should be carried out continuously in order to avoid a possible resurgence of rotavirus-induced diarrhea.

Use of diffusion tensor imaging as a prognostic biomarker after decompression surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (MR-DTI) has been increasingly applied for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) diagnosis, but relatively little is known about the effect of CTS treatment on median nerve (MN) integrity and functional outcome prediction. PURPOSE: To assess how structural changes in MR-DTI of the MN correlates with symptom severity, functional status, and electrophysiological parameters in patients suffering from CTS before and after decompression surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Nine wrists were prospectively enrolled to perform MR-DTI pre- and postoperatively. The apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the MN were examined in three different regions-distal radioulnar joint, pisiform bone, and hamate bone-and correlated with clinical and electrophysiological parameters. RESULTS: Postoperatively, mean Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire scores decreased 1.55 points (range = 0.08-3; P = 0.0172) and 1.01 points (-0.13 to 1.88; P = 0.0381) in the symptomatic and functional domains, respectively. Postoperative clinical improvement was reflected in proximal FA elevation (P = 0.0078), but not in diffusivity in comparison to baseline examination. Preoperative electrophysiological parameters were correlated with a reduction in the pre- (sensory latencies [rho = -0.6826; P = 0.0312]) and postoperative (motor latencies [rho = -0.7488; P = 0.0325]) distal FA values. Higher sensory amplitudes indicated higher postoperative proximal FA values (rho = 0.7618; P = 0.0280) ​​and lower postoperative proximal ADC values (rho = -0.9047; P = 0.0020). CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that pre- and postoperative proximal FA values are useful biomarkers for the structural evaluation of the MN in patients with CTS. Symptomatic improvement can be better predicted by analyzing FA changes.

Tratamento cirúrgico da osteomielite dos maxilares: relato de caso / Surgical treatment of osteomyelitis of the jaws: Case report / Tratamento quirúrgico de la osteomielitis de los maxilares: reporte de um caso

A Osteomielite dos Maxilares (OM) é uma inflamação óssea, de origem na maioria infecciosa, podendo atingir a porção medular e cortical dos ossos maxilares. Apresenta-se em maior extensão na mandíbula, devido ao pobre suprimento sanguíneo que essa possui, sendo mais prevalente em homens entre a faixa etária de 40 a 60 anos. Sua etiologia está relacionada principalmente às infecções odontogênicas, infecções secundárias e corpos estranhos ocasionais, como os implantes dentários. Tem-se por objetivo apresentar um relato de caso clínico sobre OM na região posterior da mandíbula, bem como sua associação a uma insatisfatória implantação dentária onde houve desenvolvimento de lesão peri-implantar. Paciente do gênero feminino, 53 anos, melanoderma, apresentou dor crônica, abaulamento ósseo sem outros sinais significativos na região de molares inferiores no lado direito, radiograficamente visualizava-se imagem mista sendo sugestiva de sequestro ósseo. Na história pregressa relatou ter realizado explantação na referida região após ser diagnosticada com peri implantite. Ao final do estudo concluiu-se que a afecção teve como causa a infecção bacteriana proveniente de contaminação durante a inserção de implante dentário. Optou-se por remoção cirúrgica do osso necrótico e inflamado... (AU)

Osteomyelitis of the Jaws (OM) is a bone inflammation, of mostly infectious origin, which can affect the medullary and cortical portion of the maxillary bones. It presents itself to a greater extent in the mandible, due to the poor blood supply that it has, being more prevalent in men between the age group of 40 to 60 years. Its etiology is mainly related to odontogenic infections, secondary infections and occasional foreign bodies, such as dental implants. The objective is to present a clinical case report on OM in the posterior region of the mandible, as well as its association with an unsatisfactory dental implantation, where there was development of a peri-implant lesion. Female patient, 53 years old, melanoderma, presented chronic pain, bone bulging without other significant signs in the region of lower molars on the right side, radiographically a mixed image was visualized, suggesting bone sequestration. In her previous history, she reported having performed explantation in that region after being diagnosed with peri-implantitis. At the end of the study, it was concluded that the disease was caused by bacterial infection from contamination during dental implant insertion. We opted for surgical removal of the necrotic and inflamed bone... (AU)

La osteomielitis de los maxilares (OM) es una inflamación de los huesos, en su mayoría de origen infeccioso, que puede afectar la porción medular y cortical de los huesos maxilares. Se presenta en mayor medida en la mandíbula, debido a la escasa irrigación sanguínea que tiene, siendo más prevalente en hombres entre el grupo de edad de 40 a 60 años. Su etiología se relaciona principalmente con infecciones odontogénicas, infecciones secundarias y cuerpos extraños ocasionales, como los implantes dentales. El objetivo es presentar un reporte de caso de OM en la región posterior de la mandíbula, así como su asociación con una implantación dentaria insatisfactoria a partir de la cual desarrollamos una lesión periimplantaria. Paciente femenina, 53 años, melanodermia, presenta dolor crónico, tumefacción ósea con otros signos significativos en región molar inferior del lado derecho, radiográficamente se visualiza imagen mixta sugestiva de pérdida ósea. En su historia previa menciona haber realizado una explantación en esa región tras ser diagnosticada de periimplantitis. Al final del estudio, se concluyó que la enfermedad fue causada por una infección bacteriana provocada por la contaminación durante la inserción del implante dental. Se optó por la extirpación quirúrgica de la piel necrótica e inflamada... (AU)

Desafios encontrados na realização da humanização no trabalho de parto / Desafíos encontrados en la realización de la humanización en el trabajo / Challenges encountered in the realization of humanization in labor

Objetivo: Analisar os desafios encontrados na realização da humanização no trabalho de parto. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Por meio de descritores foram consultadas as bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature e PubMed. Utilizou-se como critérios de inclusão: estudos publicados entre 2017 até 2022, em Português e Inglês e que estivessem disponíveis gratuitamente. Resultado: totalizou-se 9 artigos, os quais reportaram que nas práticas de humanização relacionadas ao parto, os principais desafios encontrados vão desde o uso de tecnologias inadequadas e intervenções desnecessárias, com ênfase no tratamento desumanizado. Conclusão: Conclui-se que existe uma necessidade de melhoria do cuidado, além da valorização da assistência humanizada e a criação de protocolos de treinamento contendo novas estratégias e habilidades técnicas e científicas voltadas para a ampliação do conhecimento. (AU)

Objective: To analyze the challenges encountered in the realization of humanization in labor. Method: This is an integrative literature review. Using descriptors, the databases of the Virtual Health Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and PubMed were consulted. The following inclusion criteria were used: studies published between 2017 and 2022, in Portuguese and English and that were freely available. Result: the works will be promoted, which went beyond the report, formed in the practices of humanization, sought in the tasks learned and promoted in the treatment of main interventions, with the objective of promoting the treatment of procedures, they also promoted in the accomplishment of care procedures. Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a need for improvement, in addition to valuing human assistance and creating protocols for new attempts and practical skills for training and technical knowledge.(AU)

Objetivo: Analizar los desafíos encontrados en la realización de la humanización en el trabajo. Método: Esta es una revisión integradora de la literatura. Mediante descriptores, se consultaron las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature y PubMed. Se utilizaron los siguientes criterios de inclusión: estudios publicados entre 2017 y 2022, en portugués e inglés y que estuvieran disponibles gratuitamente. Resultado: se promoverán los trabajos que fueron más allá del informe, formados en las prácticas de humanización, buscados en las tareas aprendidas y promovidos en el tratamiento de las principales intervenciones, con el objetivo de promover el tratamiento de los procedimientos, también fueron promovidos en la realización de procedimientos asistenciales. Conclusión: Se concluye que existe la necesidad de mejora, además de valorar la asistencia humana y protocolos para nuevos intentos y habilidades prácticas para la formación y el conocimiento técnico. (AU)

"Million dollar nerve" magnetic resonance neurography: first normal and pathological findings.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate prospectively the feasibility of magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) in identifying the anatomical characteristics of thenar muscular branch (TMB) of the median nerve, also known as the "million dollar nerve," in patients and controls. METHODS: Thirteen patients affected by carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and four healthy controls had their hands scanned on a 3-T MR imaging scanner for TMB visualization. Median nerve anatomical variations were classified into four groups according to Poisel's classification system modified by Lanz. TMB signal intensity and diameter were assessed for the diagnosis of neuropathy. RESULTS: TMB was successfully identified in all patients and subjects by using MRN. The most suitable pulse sequences to identify and measure nerve diameter were 3D DW-PSIF and T2-FS-TSE. The axial oblique and sagittal oblique planes are complementary in demonstrating its entire course. TMB had mostly an extraligamentous course with radial side origin (93.8%, each). All patients experienced increased T2 signal intensity (p < 0.001) and thickened nerves. Mean TMB diameters were 1.27 ± 0.21 mm (range, 1.02-1.74 mm) and 0.87 ± 0.16 mm (0.73-1.08 mm) (p = 0.008) in the patient and control groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: MRN is a reliable imaging technique for identification and anatomical characterization of TMB in patients affected by CTS. This innovative imaging workup may therefore be included in the preoperative evaluation of patients scheduled for carpal tunnel release, especially in CTS with TMB involvement or even in isolated TMB neuropathy. KEY POINTS: • Magnetic resonance neurography allows precise visualization of the thenar muscular branch of the median nerve. • Thenar muscular branch anatomical variations can be correctly identified. • Preoperative scanning can contribute to reducing the risk of iatrogenic injuries during carpal tunnel release, especially in carpal tunnel syndrome with thenar muscular branch involvement or even in isolated thenar muscular branch neuropathy.

Preoperative Fasting Abbreviation With Whey Protein Reduces the Occurrence of Postoperative Complications in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND: Surgery has become the treatment of choice for head and neck cancer (HNC) in most cases. Preoperative fasting abbreviation and nutrition screening have been suggested to reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications. This study aimed to evaluate the addition of whey protein in the preoperative fasting abbreviation and to analyze the association of nutrition status on postoperative complications in patients with HNC. METHODS: A randomized, single-blind clinical trial was performed. Patients recruited from March to November 2018 at a national cancer reference center in Brazil were divided into 2 groups: intervention group (clear fluids with carbohydrate plus whey protein [CHO-P]) and control group (clear fluids with carbohydrate only [CHO]). All patients were evaluated by the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) and body mass index. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess associations between the studied variables, generating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: A total of 49 patients met the eligibility criteria and enrolled in the study. A PG-SGA score of 4-8, indicating moderate malnutrition (OR, 10.91; 95% CI, 1.05-112.91), was an independent factor that increased the risk of postoperative complication, whereas the CHO-P group (OR, 0.04; 95% CI, 0.01-0.26) was found to be an independent factor in reducing such risk. CONCLUSION: The addition of whey protein to clear fluids (CHO-P group) was associated with a reduced risk of postoperative complications compared with the CHO group. Furthermore, moderate malnourishment was associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications for patients with HNC.

Do medical interns feel prepared to work in the COVID-19 pandemic?

OBJECTIVE To learn about the perceptions of medical internship students about the early conclusion of the course and their preparation to act in the fight against COVID-19. METHODS An online questionnaire was applied with questions about the socioeconomic profile and the object of investigation. The data were analyzed using the Bioestat 5.0 software. RESULTS 111 students participated, most of whom (61.3%) were male, aged 20 to 25 years (80.2%), of Catholic religion (57.5%), and attending the 2nd year of internship (50.5%). A small portion (22.5%) reported being in total social isolation. The majority (57.5%) considered themselves unprepared to act in the fight against the pandemic, and 86.8% of the students believe that the early conclusion of the course will contribute to the fight against COVID-19 in the country. CONCLUSION This scenario points to the urgency of measures that provide, to recent graduates, timely technical preparation, safe work conditions, and emotional support even at the beginning of their professional career, leading them to competent, dignified and healthy work, during and after the pandemic.

Do medical interns feel prepared to work in the COVID-19 pandemic?

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To learn about the perceptions of medical internship students about the early conclusion of the course and their preparation to act in the fight against COVID-19. METHODS An online questionnaire was applied with questions about the socioeconomic profile and the object of investigation. The data were analyzed using the Bioestat 5.0 software. RESULTS 111 students participated, most of whom (61.3%) were male, aged 20 to 25 years (80.2%), of Catholic religion (57.5%), and attending the 2nd year of internship (50.5%). A small portion (22.5%) reported being in total social isolation. The majority (57.5%) considered themselves unprepared to act in the fight against the pandemic, and 86.8% of the students believe that the early conclusion of the course will contribute to the fight against COVID-19 in the country. CONCLUSION This scenario points to the urgency of measures that provide, to recent graduates, timely technical preparation, safe work conditions, and emotional support even at the beginning of their professional career, leading them to competent, dignified and healthy work, during and after the pandemic.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Conhecer as percepções de estudantes do internato médico sobre formatura antecipada e preparo para trabalhar no combate à pandemia da Covid-19. MÉTODOS Aplicou-se questionário on-line com questões sobre o perfil socioeconômico e o objeto de investigação. Os dados foram analisados pelo software Bioestat 5.0. RESULTADOS Participaram 111 estudantes, a maioria (61,3%) do sexo masculino, na faixa etária de 20 a 25 anos (80,2%), de religião católica (57,5%) e cursando o 2o ano do internato (50,5%). Pequena parcela (22,5%) informou estar em isolamento social total. A maioria (57,5%) se sente despreparada para atuar no combate à pandemia, e 86,8% consideram que a formatura antecipada contribuirá para o enfrentamento da Covid-19 no País. CONCLUSÃO Este panorama remete à urgência de medidas que propiciem, aos recém-graduados, preparo técnico oportuno, condições de trabalho seguras e suporte emocional já neste início de carreira profissional, conduzindo-os ao trabalho competente, digno e saudável, durante e após a pandemia.

Desenvolvimento de queijo coalho de leite caprino recheado com goiabada / Development of cheese wheat of caprine milk covered with goiabada

A pesquisa objetivou desenvolver um novo produto atrelando os benefícios do leite caprino (qualidade nutricional e à alta digestibilidade) na construção do queijo coalho extremamente difundido no Nordeste trufado com goiabada que apresenta boa aceitação e bom valor nutricional. Foi avaliado sua qualidade através de ensaios físico-químicos, microbiológicos e sensoriais. Todos os parâmetros enquadraram-se no padrão de identidade e qualidade, sendo classificado como semigordo (13,08% gordura no extrato seco) e média umidade (46,52%). Apresentou valores microbiológicos bem abaixo do determinado na legislação assegurando qualidade e inocuidade e aceitação sensorial com valor médio escore acima de 7,0. Dessa maneira a inovação torna-se uma opção do consumo indireto do leite caprino com qualidade total e aceitação do público.

[Symbolic capital of the work of the female health visitors of the Public Health Service Foundation in the State of Alagoas, Brazil]. / Capital simbólico do trabalho das visitadoras sanitárias da Fundação Serviço de Saúde Pública, Alagoas/Brasil.

This study of a historical nature analyzes the work of health visitors of the Public Health Service Foundation in Alagoas between 1960 and 1990 and the symbolic capital attributed to them. Documental and oral sources were used, the latter produced in interviews conducted using thematic oral history, given by the visitors, the physician and nurse. The information was analyzed based on the concepts of habitus, field, symbolic capital and distinction of Pierre Bourdieu, and revealed that health visitors were relevant in the healthcare of the communities where they worked with distinctive approaches to inculcate health practices through home visits and authority to reconfigure the hygienic habitus of families. This activity gave them symbolic power and capital legitimized by the community.

De caráter histórico, o estudo analisa o trabalho das visitadoras sanitárias da Fundação Serviço de Saúde Pública, em Alagoas, entre 1960 e 1990 e o capital simbólico a elas conferido. Foram utilizadas fontes documentais e orais, estas produzidas em entrevistas realizadas com recurso da história oral temática, concedidas por visitadoras, médico e enfermeira. As informações foram analisadas com base nos conceitos de habitus, campo, capital simbólico e distinção, de Pierre Bourdieu, e revelaram que as visitadoras sanitárias foram relevantes na assistência à saúde das comunidades onde atuaram, detendo marcas distintivas para inculcar práticas sanitárias por meio de visitas domiciliares e discurso autorizado para reconfigurar o habitus higiênico das famílias. Essa atuação lhes conferiu poder e capital simbólicos legitimados pela comunidade.

Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra e saúde do campo: revisão integrativa do estado da arte / Landless Workers Movement and rural healthcare: integrative review of the state of art

RESUMO O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar a produção científica acerca do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) até 2016, com ênfase na identificação e na análise dos trabalhos que tratem do tema 'saúde', buscando identificar os problemas e a necessidade de saúde da população vinculada ao MST, bem como as concepções, projetos e práticas de saúde desse Movimento. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, que analisou 108 trabalhos capturados nas bases BVS e Capes, sendo que, destes, 15 tratam especificamente das questões de saúde. Os resultados evidenciam a precariedade das condições de vida e de saúde das populações acampadas e assentadas e revelam a multiplicidade de problemas e necessidades de saúde não atendidas de grupos específicos, a exemplo dos trabalhadores, mulheres e crianças. Observa-se, entre as lideranças do Movimento, uma concepção abrangente de Saúde e uma diversidade de posições com relação à participação do MST nas instâncias de controle social do SUS. Conclui-se apontando a necessidade de aprofundamento dos estudos sobre a capacidade de o movimento sanitário incorporar os movimentos do campo em sua base de sustentação, principalmente se o MST tem sido um aliado no processo de Reforma Sanitária Brasileira.

ABSTRACT This work aims to characterize the scientific material which has been produced about the Landless Workers Movement (MST) until 2016, with emphasis on the identification and analysis of those works that deal with the topic of 'Health'. This work also strives to identify this Movement's health practices, conceptions, and projects. This is an integrative review of the literature related to the issue at hand. Out of the 108 works analyzed, which were found in the BVS and Capes databases, 15 specifically dealt with health issues. The results show that due to the precariousness of the living conditions in the settlements, the residents, such as workers, women and children, were found to have numerous of their needs and health problems unaddressed. One can observe that among the Movement's leaders there is a comprehensive understanding of Health as well as different perceptions regarding the participation of the MST in the instances of social control of the Brazilian Unified Health System (known as SUS). The author concludes by directing the reader's attention to the fact that this is a topic that is still lacking more in-depth research. More studies need to be done on the movement, especially those that will further analyze the relationship of the MST and the Brazilian Health Reform.

Capital simbólico do trabalho das visitadoras sanitárias da Fundação Serviço de Saúde Pública, Alagoas/Brasil / Symbolic capital of the work of the female health visitors of the Public Health Service Foundation in the State of Alagoas, Brazil

Resumo De caráter histórico, o estudo analisa o trabalho das visitadoras sanitárias da Fundação Serviço de Saúde Pública, em Alagoas, entre 1960 e 1990 e o capital simbólico a elas conferido. Foram utilizadas fontes documentais e orais, estas produzidas em entrevistas realizadas com recurso da história oral temática, concedidas por visitadoras, médico e enfermeira. As informações foram analisadas com base nos conceitos de habitus, campo, capital simbólico e distinção, de Pierre Bourdieu, e revelaram que as visitadoras sanitárias foram relevantes na assistência à saúde das comunidades onde atuaram, detendo marcas distintivas para inculcar práticas sanitárias por meio de visitas domiciliares e discurso autorizado para reconfigurar o habitus higiênico das famílias. Essa atuação lhes conferiu poder e capital simbólicos legitimados pela comunidade.

Abstract This study of a historical nature analyzes the work of health visitors of the Public Health Service Foundation in Alagoas between 1960 and 1990 and the symbolic capital attributed to them. Documental and oral sources were used, the latter produced in interviews conducted using thematic oral history, given by the visitors, the physician and nurse. The information was analyzed based on the concepts of habitus, field, symbolic capital and distinction of Pierre Bourdieu, and revealed that health visitors were relevant in the healthcare of the communities where they worked with distinctive approaches to inculcate health practices through home visits and authority to reconfigure the hygienic habitus of families. This activity gave them symbolic power and capital legitimized by the community.

Representações sociais de mulheres frente a descoberta do diagnóstico do HIV / Mujeres de las representaciones sociales cara a diagnóstico de VIHdel descubrimiento / Women social representations in face to HIV diagnosis disclosure

Objective: the study’s goal has been to describe the social representations of women while facing their HIV diagnosis disclosure. Methods: It is a descriptive-exploratory study with a qualitative approach, which was carried out with 21 participating women who were in two referral centers for people bearing HIV/AIDS. Data were collected from May to June 2016. It was used the Social Representation Theory as theoretical basis, and the data were analyzed using the Content Analysis technique based upon the Bardin perspective. Results: It has been demonstrated the social representations of women regarding to the discovery of HIV diagnosis. The diagnosis of HIV is received with great impact by the woman who shows different feelings at that time, such as anxiety, fear, sadness, fear, surprise, incredulity, injustice and shame. Conclusion: There is a complex social representation that creates impact on the way of life and living of women bearing HIV, such as guilt, isolation, stigmatization and prejudgment.

Objetivo: descrever as representações sociais de mulheres diante do recebimento do diagnóstico de HIV. Método: Estudo descritivo, exploratório com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 21 mulheres que se encontravam em dois centros de referência para pessoas que vivem com HIV/Aids. Os dados foram coletados de maio a junho de 2016. Utilizou-se como referencial teórico a Teoria das Representações Sociais, e os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo na perspectiva de Bardin. Resultados: Demonstraram as representações sociais das mulheres frente à descoberta do diagnóstico do HIV. O diagnóstico do HIV é recebido com grande impacto pela mulher que apresenta sentimentos distintos no momento da descoberta, como: angústia, medo, tristeza, terror, surpresa, incredibilidade, injustiça e vergonha. Conclusão: Existe uma complexa representação social que gera impacto no modo de viver e conviver das mulheres que vivem com HIV, como a culpabilização, isolamento, estigmatização e preconceito.

Objetivo: describir las representaciones sociales de las mujeres a ser diagnosticados con HIV.Método: estudio cualitativo descriptivo, exploratorio, con 21 mujeres que no tuvieron mayor en dos centros de referencia para las personas que viven con el VIH / SIDA. Los datos fueron recolectados entre mayo y junio de 2016. Se utilizó como referencia teórica de la teoría de la Representación Social, y la fecha se analizaron mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido de Bardin perspectiva. Resultados: Demostrado las representaciones sociales de las mujeres con respecto al descubrimiento de diagnóstico de VIH. El diagnóstico de VIH es recibido con gran impacto para la mujer que tiene diferentes sentimientos en el momento del descubrimiento, como la ansiedad, el miedo, la tristeza, el miedo, la sorpresa, la incredulidad, la injusticia y la vergüenza. Conclusión: Hay un complejo de la representación social crea Que impacto en la forma de vida y la vida de las mujeres que viven con el VIH, como la culpa, aislamiento, estigmatización y prejudice.

Capital simbólico do trabalho das visitadoras sanitárias da Fundação Serviço de Saúde Pública, Alagoas/Brasil / Symbolic capital of the work of the female health visitors of the Public Health Service Foundation in the State of Alagoas, Brazil

De caráter histórico, o estudo analisa o trabalho das visitadoras sanitárias da Fundação Serviço de Saúde Pública, em Alagoas, entre 1960 e 1990 e o capital simbólico a elas conferido. Foram utilizadas fontes documentais e orais, estas produzidas em entrevistas realizadas com recurso da história oral temática, concedidas por visitadoras, médico e enfermeira. As informações foram analisadas com base nos conceitos de habitus, campo, capital simbólico e distinção, de Pierre Bourdieu, e revelaram que as visitadoras sanitárias foram relevantes na assistência à saúde das comunidades onde atuaram, detendo marcas distintivas para inculcar práticas sanitárias por meio de visitas domiciliares e discurso autorizado para reconfigurar o habitus higiênico das famílias. Essa atuação lhes conferiu poder e capital simbólicos legitimados pela comunidade.(AU)

A inserção masculina na Enfermagem: o que se escreve sobre esta questão? / La inserción masculina en la Enfermería: ¿qué se ha escrito sobre esta cuestión? / Male insertion in nursing: what is writing on this question?

Estudo cujos objetivos foram identificar e analisar produções científicas sobre a inserção masculina no exercício da Enfermagem. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com amostra de 47 artigos publicados em bancos de dados nacionais e internacionais. O método utilizado foi uma estratégia de busca onde articulou-se as palavras-chaves com os boleanos AND e OR em diferentes combinações para encontrar o maior número de produções. Os resultados permitiram construir quatro categorias: o exercício da enfermagem por homens se deu no contexto religioso e pela sua força física; a feminilização da enfermagem se deu pela modernização por Florence Nightingale; o homem na Enfermagem alcança mais facilmente cargos de poder e prestigio por sua masculinidade e os enfermeiros exercem a profissão também por realização pessoal embora sofram preconceito. Concluiu-se que a Enfermagem continua sendo majoritariamente feminina, mas com a presença masculina aumentando gradativamente. Os homens, ao se inserirem na enfermagem, desenvolvem estratégias para superar as dificuldades de ser homem e tornar-se enfermeiro (AU)

Estudios cuyos objetivos han sido identificar y analizar producciones científicas sobre la inserción masculina en el ejercicio de la enfermería. Se trata de una revisión integrativa con amuestra de 47 artículos publicados en bancos de datos nacionales e internacionales. El método utilizado fue una estrategia de búsqueda donde se articuló las palabras claves con los booleanos AND y OR en distintas combinaciones para encontrar el mayor número de producciones. Los resultados permitieron construir cuatros categorías: el ejercicio de la enfermería por hombres se inició en el contexto religioso y por su fuerza física, la feminización de la enfermería empezó por la modernización con Florence Nightingale: el hombre en la enfermería alcanza con más facilidad cargos de poder y prestigio por su masculinidad y los enfermeros también ejercen la profesión por realización personal aunque sufran prejuicios. Se concluye que la enfermería sigue siendo mayormente femenina, pero la presencia masculina ha aumentado gradualmente. Los hombres, al integrarse en la enfermería, desarrollan estrategia para superar las dificultades de ser hombre y hacerse enfermero (AU)

Study whose objectives were to identify and analyze scientific production about the male insertion in the practice of nursing. This was an integrative review with sample of 47 articles published in national and international databases. The method used was a search strategy where an articulated the keywords with the words AND and OR in different combinations to find as many productions. The results showed four categories: the practice of nursing by men occurred in there ligious context and its physical strength; the feminization of nursing occurred by modernization with Florence Nightingale; it is easier to man in nursing to achieve power positions because of their masculinity and they also exercising the profession for personal fulfillment though they suffer preconception. It was concluded that nursing is still predominantly female but with the male presence gradually increasing. It was observed that for men to integrate into the nursing they develop strategies to overcome the difficulties of being a man and become nurse (AU)

Inserção masculina no primeiro curso de graduação em enfermagem de Alagoas – 1974/1984 / Inclusion of men in the first program undergraduate nursing in Alagoas – 1974/1984

Estudo quantitativo de cunho histórico-documental, cujo objetivo foi analisar a inserção masculina nos dez primeiros anos do curso de graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, a partir de documentos depositados nos arquivos setoriais da instituição. As fontes primárias foram listas de ingresso dos anos 1974 a 1984 e as atas de colação de grau em Enfermagem dos anos 1977 a 1987. Os documentos foram submetidos à análise crítica externa e interna que comprovaram a autenticidade e as listas mostraram possuir valor de prova do acontecimento estudado. Os resultados apontaram que desde o primeiro vestibular houve procura masculina pelo curso de Enfermagem em Alagoas e alguns homens foram aprovados nos anos de 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977,1979, 1981,1982, 1984. Os primeiros enfermeiros se formaram em 1980 e mais três em 1983 e 1984. A formação de um enfermeiro por ano mostra a regularidade da sua presença no curso contrariando a expectativa de uma sociedade patriarcal com fortes raízes coronelistas como a alagoana, diante de uma profissão eminentemente feminina no campo da saúde onde se exercia a dominação masculina a partir de outras profissões.

Curso “Participação popular, movimentos sociais e direito à saúde”: uma experiência de educação popular em Saúde na Bahia a partir do MobilizaSUS / “Popular participation, social movements and the right to health”: an experience of popular education in Health, in Bahia, based on MobilizaSUS / Curso “participación popular, movimientos sociales y derecho a la salud”: una experiencia de educación popular en salud en bahia a partir del mobilizasus

Os Movimentos Sociais de base popular têm tido importante papel na luta pelo direito à saúde e consolidação do SUS. As práticas educativas vivenciadas por estes movimentos referenciados na educação popular em saúde contribuem para o fortalecimento do controle social e da participação popular na saúde. O curso foi construído de forma participativa, entre movimentos sociais, SESAB e ISC/UFBA, tendo como objetivo central fortalecer a atuação dos movimentos sociais na arena política da saúde na Bahia. Realizou-se duas turmas de cinco módulos cada uma, totalizando 60 participantes. As atividades orientaram-se pelos pressupostos da educação popular: diálogo, participação, valorização da experiência, autonomia e reflexão crítica. Possibilitou pensar e construir estratégias para incorporação de demandas dos coletivos na agenda do Estado, constituindo-se enquanto espaço potente de debate sobre a realidade e necessidades de saúde dos povos...

Popular Social Movements have played an important role when it comes to fighting for the right to health and the consolidation of SUS. Educational practices experienced by these movements, based the popular education in health, contribute to the strengthening of social control and popular participation. The course was built in a participatory manner, involved social movements and SESAB ISC / UFBa. Its central purpose was to strengthen the role of social movements in the political arena of health in Bahia. Two groups of five modules each were conducted, in a total of 60 participants. The activities were guided by: dialogue, participation, appreciation of experience, autonomy and critical reflection. They allowed to think and build strategies for incorporating the collective demands on the state agenda, the course worked as an powerful space for promoting debate about reality and the health necessities...

Los Movimientos Sociales de base popular han tenido un importante papel en la lucha por el derecho a la salud y la consolidación del Sistema Único de Salud (SUS). Las prácticas educativas vividas por estos movimientos, a partir de la educación popular en salud, contribuye para el control social. El curso fue construido de forma participativa entre los movimientos, la Secretaría de Salud de Bahia y el Instituto de Salud Colectiva, teniendo como objetivo fortalecer la actuación de los movimientos sociales en la esfera política de la salud. Fueron creados dos grupos, con cinco módulos y un total de 60 participantes. Las actividades se orientaron por: diálogo, participación, valorización de la experiencia y autonomía y reflexión crítica. Posibilitó pensar y construir estrategias para la incorporación de las demandas, constituyéndose como espacio potente de debate sobre la realidad...