[Cytochemical study of dehydrogenase activity in the tissues of the pig female genital system after injection of xenogenic cerebrospinal fluid (a cytochemical study)].

The experimental study was performed to evaluate the biological effects of parenteral injection of cerebrospinal fluid (SCF) on the uterus, uterine tubes and the ovary of piglets aged 60 days. Lactating cows aged 4-6 years after first calving were taken as SCF donors, since their SCF contained maximal spectrum of biologically active substances. For injection the whole SCF, SCF after passage through bacterial filters and SCF supernatant were used. The effect of SCF was assessed using histological and histochemical (succinate- and lactate dehydrogenases demonstration) methods. It was found that SCF preparations studied had differential effect on oxidative-reduction processes in the tissues of reproductive system organs of immature pigs, that is associated with the broad spectrum of biologically active substances in mammalian SCF.

[Effect of catamine AB on the generative function and chromosome apparatus of the bone marrow cells in white rats]. / Vliianie katamina AB na generativnuiu funktsiiu i khromosomnyi apparat kletok kostnogo mozga belykkh krys.

In a chronic experiment (6 months) performed on non-inbred white rats effect of cationic superficially active substance catamin AB on the structure and function of male and female gonads, state of the offspring and on the chromosome apparatus of the bone marrow cells has been studied. The preparation is intragastrically injected in doses 10, 1, 0.1 mg/kg. Catamin AB in the dose of 10 mg/kg produces an essential decrease in the specific mass of the testes, reduce in the spermatogenic index, increase in the canaliculi number with exfoliated epithelium, lowered mobility and diminished amount of alive spermatozoa. In the ovary amount of mature follicles becomes less and the number of atresic corpuscles and atresing follicles rises; plethora of the medullary substance occurs in the organ with signs of stasis in the venous bed. In the dose 1 mg/kg catamin AB results in less pronounced changes in the testes and does not produce any pathological disturbances in the ovaries. The preparation does not influence on mating in the test animals, but in the dose 10 mg/kg results in a decreasing fertility because of pre- and postimplantational death of embryos. The changes mentioned are connected with a total toxical effect of the preparation. Catamin AB does not possess any mutagenic effect in the doses tested.

[Features of the histotopography of proteins in human chorionic and placental tissues at different stages of normal and pathologic development]. / Osobennosti gistotopografii belkov v tkaniakh khoriona i platsenty cheloveka na raznykh étapakh normal'noi i patologicheskoi beremennosti.

Contents of total, basic and acidic proteins have been studied in the human chorionic tunic at successive stages of a normal embryogenesis and at certain types of pathological pregnancy by means of histochemical methods. According to the staining degree, there is certain heterogeneity of the villi at various differentiation levels. An essential decrease in intensity of histochemical reactions is revealed in the chorionic villi at stillbirth and tetania gravidatum. The peculiarities in histotopography of the proteins and aminoacids studied reflect principle histochemical and structural reconstructions of the chorionic villi at various stages of normal and pathological pregnancy.

[Specificity of the protein distribution in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the cells of provisional and definitive structures in early human embryos]. / Spetsifika raspredelenie belkov v iadre i tsitoplazme kletok provizornykh i definitivnykh struktur rannikh zarodyshei cheloveka.

The highest amount of total protein in a 17-day human embryo is found in nuclei of the ectodermal germ layer. Histones are distributed as small clods whereas histones-like proteins vary in quantity in the apical and basal parts of the cells. During the 2nd and 3d months of embryogenesis protein topography in cells of different organs and systems is not the same and corresponds to the human histo- and organogenesis rate. Protein amount is especially high in chromosomes of dividing cells.

[Normal 17-day human embryo. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of protein components]. / Normal'nye 17-dnevnyi zarodysh cheloveka. Kachestvennaia i kolichestvennaia kharakteristika belkovykh komponentov.

Protein components in the definitive and provisory anlages of the 17-day-old human embryo "Krym" have been studied in a complex investigation. Acidic, basic and summary proteins, nucleoproteids and some amino acids (histidine, arginine and lysine) have been analysed. Quantitative estimation of histones, histone-like and common proteins has been performed by means of the probe spectrophotometer in corresponding wave lengths at the probe size of 1 mkm. It has been demonstrated that in zones of intensified cell proliferation and differentiation contents of the histone-like proteins and nucleoproteids are increased. These zones are presented in the germ shield by the prechordal plate. Hensen's nod and primary streak, and in the chorionic membrane--by the trophoblastic integument and by the wall of the forming blood vessels. Certain asynchronity in differentiation of chorionic villi of various morphological types is also noted, it is one of the most important ontogenetic regularities in the formation of morpho-functional correlations in the system mother-fetus.

[Experimental data on the toxicology of the esters of ethylcarbitol and fatty acids]. / Eksperimental'nye dannye o toksikologii éfira étilkarbitola i zhirnykh kislot.

It was established in acute experiments on white rats and mice that the ester of ethylcarbitol and fatty acids is virtually not toxic. LD50 intragastrically is 36.5 g/kg for rats and 22.75 g/kg for mice. The threshold and subthreshold doses equal to 1.825 g/kg and 0.730 g/kg, respectively were determined in subacute experiments on rats. The ester of ethylcarbitol and fatty acids is a moderately cumulative substance.

[Normal 17-day-old human embryo. Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of polysaccharides in developing primordia]. / Normal'nyi 17-dnevnyi zarodysh cheloveka. Kachestvennaia i kolichestvennaia kharakteristika polisakharidov v razvivaiushchikhsia zakladkakh.

Cytochemical investigation on qualitative composition of polysaccharides in definitive and provisory anlagen of a normal 17-day-old human embryo "Krym" is performed. Basing on cytophotometric data, quantitation of glycogen and glycoproteins in the germ layers, their derivatives and in the chorionic membrane are analyzed. At early stages of differentiation glycogen and glycoproteins are demonstrated to predominate. Their greatest amount is noted in the ectoderm and its derivatives. In the chorionic membrane the total amount of glycogen and glycoproteins is prevailed in the epithelial components. Villose cytotrophoblast produces glycogen 3 times as great as the plasmodium. In the chorionic lamina there is noted a 2-fold increase of glycogen, respectively. At the same time, plasmodiotrophoblast increasingly produces glycoproteins to ensure, already at the given stage, the formation of the hemo-chorionic barrier in the system "mother--fetus" and production of gonadotropins. Studying biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans, it is possible to suggest that at the stage of embryogenesis a young connective tissue differentiating at greater speed in the periepithelial zone is formed.

[Morphologic characteristics of definitive and provisional structures of normal 17-day-old human embryos]. / Morfologicheskaia kharakteristika definitivnykh i provizornykh struktur normal'nogo 17-dnevnogo zarodysha cheloveka.

The structure of the presomite human embryo was investigated at embryogenesis. The embryonic shield is a three-layer gastrula 810 mkm long in the anteroposterior direction and 855 mkm wide (at the level of the primitive nodule). The primitive streak is 200 mkm long; the primitive nodule is well pronounced. All three germ layers are separately followed only in the cranial end of the embryo. The chordo-mesodermal process, 80 mkm long, is seen and is situated anterior to the primitive nodule, between ecto- and endoderm; in its zone, as well as in the area of the primary nodule and the primary streak, along the middle line, the germ layers are in close contact with each other. In the caudal end the mesoderm grows thin, and the external and internal layers come into contact forming the cloacal membrane. Extraembryonic formations are described: amniotic vesicle, yolk sac, amniotic peduncle, allantois and chorionic membrane wall. Together with the extraembryonic ecto- and endoderm, exocoelomic mesoderm participates in the formation of walls of the primitive germ vesicles. The yolk sac wall contains blood islets. Primary blood vessels are detected in the connective tissue matrix of the chorionic layer and in the amniotic peduncle. According to the anamnesis, morphological data and comparing to the data of the literature on presomitic human embryos, the age of the embryo "Krym" is determined as old as 17 days.