[Primary renal lymphoma. Apropos of a case]. / Linfoma renal primario. A propósito de un caso.

OBJECTIVE: To describe case of primary renal lymphoma. METHODS/RESULTS: A 76-year-old female patient with a diagnosis of a left renal mass was referred to our service. The patient underwent a radical nephrectomy. Histological analysis of the surgical specimen revealed a non-Hodgkin lymphoma. She received combination chemotherapy with CHOP. CONCLUSIONS: Primary renal lymphoma is a rare clinical entity whose existence has been questioned very often. Its clinical presentation is not unlike that of any other renal tumor and its diagnosis is by histology. Although it is a rare tumor type, it must be taken into account when making the differential diagnosis of any renal mass. Surgical resection in combination with chemotherapy with or without radiotherapy continues to be the widely utilized treatment for primary renal lymphoma.

[A rare type of neoplasia. Report of 2 cases]. / Un tipo de neoplasia poco frecuente. Aportación de dos casos.

OBJECTIVE: To report two additional cases of carcinosarcoma of the bladder and review the literature. METHODS/RESULTS: Two cases of bladder tumor are described. Both patients were male whose median age at diagnosis was 69.5 years. They had consulted for post-void hypogastric pain and hematuria. A diagnosis of bladder tumor was made on the basis of the radiological and ultrasound findings and a partial cystectomy was performed. Histological examination with immunohistochemical techniques revealed carcinosarcoma of the bladder. CONCLUSIONS: Carcinosarcoma is a mixed tumor with a high grade of malignancy and is rarely located in the bladder. Its clinical presentation is not unlike that of other bladder tumors. Diagnosis is always by histology using immunological techniques. It has a very poor prognosis. Because it is a rare tumor type, its natural history is unknown and treatment remains unclear, although radical surgery continues to be the most widely utilized.

[Characteristics of bladder leiomyoma in our setting]. / Características del leiomioma vesical en nuestro medio.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence, form of presentation, symptoms, diagnostic methods and treatment most commonly used, and prognosis of leiomyoma of the bladder in our setting. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, multicenter analysis of the last 700 cases submitted to surgery for a bladder tumor that was found to be leiomyoma of the bladder. We reviewed the Spanish literature of the last twenty years for the following variables: patient age, sex, presenting symptoms, incidental finding or not, value of the tests performed, treatment, follow-up and prognosis. RESULTS: Leiomyoma of the bladder accounted for 0.43% of the bladder tumors diagnosed at three urological centers. Apart from the three cases described, ten additional cases are reviewed. Forty-six percent were incidentally discovered. US proved to be the best diagnostic method. Treatment was frequently by open surgery. The prognosis was excellent; there has been no recurrence at 22 months' mean follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Leiomyoma of the bladder is a benign tumor with little or no clinical symptoms or signs, often discovered incidentally during US and accounts for 0.5% of the cases that had undergone surgery for a bladder tumor.

[Renal oncocytoma]. / Oncocitoma renal.

We report on three cases of renal oncocytoma that had been diagnosed and treated between 1986 and 1991. We underscore the difficulty in making the differential diagnosis from a renal adenocarcinoma and its higher incidence. Anatomopathological studies undertaken retrospectively have contributed further insight into its histological features and have shown it to be less uncommon.

[Primary retroperitoneal tumors]. / Tumores retroperitoneales primitivos.

We report 14 cases of primary retroperitoneal tumor and one retroperitoneal papillary cystoadenoma in a patient who had undergone hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy for uterine myomatosis 15 years before the onset of the clinical features that led to the diagnosis of retroperitoneal tumor. For this reason, we believe this latter case should be included in this series. We consider any tumor mass within the retroperitoneal space (previously described anatomically) to be primary retroperitoneal tumors, regardless of their histology or origin, excluding lymphomas, renal, upper urothelial, adrenal and pancreatic tumors. Although it may often be very destructive and may not significantly improve the prognosis, surgery continues to be the best therapeutic option.

[The apical meatus in surgical treatment of hypospadias]. / Le méat apical dans le traitement chirurgical de l'hypospadias.

We present a surgical technique for the correction of hypospadias which has the major advantage of locating the new meatus at the apex of the glans. The prepuce is opened out and fashioned into a pediculated strip which is used to form the new penile and distal portion of the urethra. This pediculated strip is placed longitudinally along a deep cleft created by an incision along the glans. The five surgical stages are described together with the sutures and diversions employed. The results and complications obtained in 132 boys are then analysed.

[Study of TRH in the postganglionic sypnasis of the isolated human vas deferens]. / Estudio de la T.R.H. en la sinápsis postgangliónica del conducto deferente humano aislado

Cummulative dose-response curves to l-noradrenaline and in presence of different concentrations of TRH (10(-3), 10(-4), 10(-5), 10(-6), 10(-7), and 10(-8) M) were investigated. 25 segments of vas deferens (escrotal tract) were obtained from different surgical patients of urological disorders. At the lower concentration (greater than 10(-7) M), we can not appreciate any influence of TRH on the l-noradrenaline response. Nevertheless there was a reduction of response to l-noradrenaline, with displacement of the curves to the right side, for the high concentrations, and a proportional ratio to the concentration to TRH.