RESUMO
The paper reveals shortcomings of medical care for cancer outpatients. Basing on cancer incidence and analysis of the activities of outpatient oncological units, measures are brought forward to advance prophylactic, diagnostic and therapeutic service for cancer outpatients.
Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial , Institutos de Câncer/organização & administração , Neoplasias/terapia , Humanos , Moscou , Planejamento de Assistência ao PacienteRESUMO
Basic conventional methods of secondary cancer prevention are clinically reviewed. The authors hold that further extensive development of present-day organisational patterns (wider screening coverage of population, growing number of objective diagnostic techniques) shows no promise in inducing positive trends of cancer outcome statistics. Scientifically validated diminution of precancer definition is stated. Selection of population at risk for cancer and proper examination of these risk groups seem most perspective in improvement of cancer statistics.
Assuntos
Neoplasias/prevenção & controle , Idoso , Neoplasias da Mama/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/prevenção & controle , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Moscou , Fatores de Risco , Neoplasias Gástricas/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/prevenção & controleRESUMO
The state of the art in diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer was analysed. The results substantiate the need for setting up inter-district specialized oncologic dispensary-affiliated centres providing adequate diagnosis and treatment of esophageal cancer.
Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial/organização & administração , Institutos de Câncer/organização & administração , Neoplasias Esofágicas/epidemiologia , Idoso , Neoplasias Esofágicas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Esofágicas/terapia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Federação Russa/epidemiologiaRESUMO
It is pointed out that distinctive features of malignant neoplasms of the female genital system determine peculiarity of organization of medical care for patients with cancer of uterus, ovary and external genital organs. Violation of the basic principle, i.e., examination and treatment of oncogynecologic patients should be carried out only in specialized departments, mostly is the cause of the main defects of the above kind of medical care (late diagnosis, inadequate treatment). The number of oncogynecologic departments and their bed fund should be planned on the basis of malignant neoplasm morbidity rates among the female residents of the given territory.
Assuntos
Institutos de Câncer/organização & administração , Neoplasias dos Genitais Femininos/terapia , Departamentos Hospitalares/organização & administração , Hospitais Especializados/organização & administração , Unidade Hospitalar de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia/organização & administração , Feminino , Neoplasias dos Genitais Femininos/diagnóstico , Humanos , Federação RussaAssuntos
Planejamento em Saúde , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Humanos , Modelos Teóricos , Prognóstico , U.R.S.S.RESUMO
An analysis of 51 cases of erroneous diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer showed inadequate follow-up to cause advancement in 39 patients suffering from chronic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. As a result of such superficial approach as well as insufficient oncological experience of general doctors, patients go through 2-6 examinations before diagnosis is established, this taking 5.8 +/- 1.4 months in rural, and 3.9 +/- 0.8 in urban areas. Failure to carry out intraoperative morphological verification of the diagnosis which results in unjustified extension of surgical intervention or, on the contrary, decision not to operate radically is the typical error involved in treatment of gastric cancer at general hospitals.
