On the new analytical solution for a well in Cartesian coordinates with MODFLOW comparisons.

In this paper, the comparison process of Batu (2012) generalized three-dimensional well hydraulics solution for confined aquifers in Cartesian coordinates with MODFLOW is presented. First, a brief description of Batu (2012) solution along with the governing equations and some of its key features are described. The final average drawdown expression in an observation well is given with the conversion expressions from Cartesian to radial coordinates. A generalized comparison using Batu (2012), Hantush (1964), and MODFLOW (Harbaugh et al. 2000), for vertical wells in horizontally isotropic aquifers, that is, ayx = Ky /Kx = 1, is presented. Comparisons are also presented with Batu (2012) and MODFLOW for horizontally anisotropic aquifers, that is, ayx ≠ 1. After that comparisons are presented for horizontal wells between Batu (2012) and MODFLOW.

Estimation of degradation rates by satisfying mass balance at the inlet.

Using a steady-state mass conservative solute transport analytical solution that is based on the third-type (or flux-type or Cauchy) source condition, a method is developed to estimate the degradation parameters of solutes in groundwater. Then, the inadequacy of the methods based on the first-type source-based analytical solute transport solution is presented both theoretically and through an example. It is shown that the third-type source analytical solution exactly satisfies the mass balance constraint at the inlet location. It is also shown that the first-type source (or constant source concentration or Dirichlet) solution fails to satisfy the mass balance constraint at the inlet location and the degree of the failure depends on the value of the degradation as well as the flow and solute transport parameters. The error in the first-type source solution is determined with dimensionless parameters by comparing its results with the third-type source solution. Methods for estimating the degradation parameter values that are based on the first-type steady-state solute transport solution may significantly overestimate the degradation parameter values depending on the values of flow and solute transport parameters. It is recommended that the third-type source solution be used in estimating degradation parameters using measured concentrations instead of the first-type source solution.