Pelvic Organ Prolapse and its Associated Factors Among Women: A Facility Based Cross-sectional Study.

Pelvic organ prolapse is the downward descent of female organs, including the bladder, small bowel, and large bowel, resulting in the protrusion of the vagina, uterus, or both. This disorder, exclusive to women, causes psychological trauma and social withdrawal, leading to an increased rate of gynecologic surgery. To assess the Pelvic Organ Prolapse and its associated factors among Women Visiting public Hospitals in south west Ethiopia. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among gynecologic patients. A total sample size of 408 was allocated to the institutions proportional to their previous month's case load. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. The collected data were coded and entered into EpiData version 3.1, then exported to SPSS version 20 for descriptive and inferential analysis. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) along with a 95% confidence level were estimated, and a P-value < .05 was considered statistically significant. Out of the intended sample size, 393 women participated in the study, resulting in a response rate of 96.3%. The overall magnitude of pelvic organ prolapse among the study participants was 19.8% (95% CI: 16.0, 24.1). Factors significantly associated with pelvic organ prolapse were place of residence (AOR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.11, 4.40), parity (AOR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.39, 5.72), age at first pregnancy (AOR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.27, 4.26), and place of delivery of the first child (AOR = 4.18, 95% CI: 1.97, 8.85). The prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse is high. Place of residence, parity, age at first pregnancy, and place of delivery of the first child were factors significantly associated with pelvic organ prolapse. Therefore, different stakeholders, programmers, and implementers should take aggressive steps to prevent early pregnancy, train health professionals to encourage women to use family planning, and promote institutional delivery.

Cervical Cancer Screening Practice Among Women: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study Design.

Early detection of cervical cancer through screening practice in developing countries is still low. The study is aimed to determine cervical cancer screening practice and associated factors among women of age 25 to 59 years old. Community-based study design was employed and systematic sampling was used to get 458 samples. The data were entered into Epi info version 7.2.1.0 and exported to SPSS version 20 for cleaning and analysis. Binary and Multivariable Logistic regression was used and adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI at P-value <.05 was reported as significant value. Cervical screening practice among the study participants was 15.5%. Women's age 40 to 49 (AOR = 2.95, 95% CI = 0.94, 9.28), educational status (AOR = 4.19, 95% CI = 1.31, 13.37), employed women (AOR = 2.59, 95% CI = 1.01, 6.68), parity above 4 (AOR = 3.09, CI = 1.03, 9.31), sexual partners 2 to 3 (AOR = 5.32, CI = 2.33, 12.14), good knowledge about cervical cancer (AOR = 3.88; 95% CI = 1.83, 8.23) and positive attitude toward cervical cancer (AOR = 5.92, CI = 2.53, 13.87) were independently associated with cervical cancer screening practices. The study revealed that the utilization of cervical cancer screening was very low. Educational status, Women's age, number of sexual partners, knowledge, and attitude were significantly associated with cervical cancer screening practice. Therefore, intervention programs intended at improving cervical cancer screening practice among women should focus on the significant factors.

Severe pneumonia: Treatment outcome and its determinant factors among under-five patients, Jimma, Ethiopia.

INTRODUCTION: Over 2 million children die from pneumonia each year accounting for almost one in five children's deaths worldwide which is estimated to be 18% of mortality cases. Therefore, this study is aimed to assess treatment outcome and its determinant factors among under-five patients, Jimma, Ethiopia. METHODS: Study design was conducted on 522 under-five children with severe pneumonia from 1 January 2017 to 30 December 2020. Pretested chart review format was used to collect data. Data were entered into EpiData, version 3.1, and exported to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 23, for analysis. Logistic regression analysis with 95% confidence interval was used to declare statistical significance at p value <0.05. RESULTS: Among 522 under-five children with severe pneumonia, majority (83.91%) of them were improved, whereas 1 over 6 (16.09%) of them were died. This finding showed that children who have malnutrition (adjusted odds ratio = 7.23 (3.17-14.51), p = 0.000), positive serostatus for HIV (adjusted odds ratio = 5.01 (1.91-12.13), p = 0.001), history of upper respiratory tract infections (adjusted odds ratio = 3.27 (1.55-6.91), p = 0.002), unvaccinated (adjusted odds ratio = 4.35 (1.60-11.79), p = 0.004), having complicated types of pneumonia (adjusted odds ratio = 8.48 (4.22-16.65), p < 0.001), and comorbidity disease (adjusted odds ratio = 5.21 (2.03-13.3), p < 0.001) were statistically significant with mortality. CONCLUSION: This study showed that mortality secondary to severe pneumonia was high. Being malnourished, positive serostatus for HIV infection, history of upper respiratory tract infections, unvaccinated, having complicated type of pneumonia, and other comorbidity disease were identified as determinant factors of mortality. Committed, harmonized, and integrated intervention needs to be taken to reduce mortality from severe pneumonia by enhancing child's nutrition status, early detection and treatment, effectively vaccinating children, and preventing other comorbidity diseases.

Clinical Practice Competence of Mettu University Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

INTRODUCTION: Clinical practice competence is the ability to effectively integrate cognitive, affective and psychomotor skills during the delivery of health care. It is the concern and the center of attention for the managers, professional associations, government, and society as a whole. Therefore, identifying the level of clinical practice competence of students and taking appropriate action is crucial. The aim of the present study was to investigate clinical practice competence of nursing students in Mettu University. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was employed on 105 nursing students at Mettu University from February to April, 2019. Systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were entered into EpiData manager version 4.2.2 and exported to statistical package for the social science (SPSS) version 20.0 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions. The statistical significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Out of the total participants involved, 102 participants returned the questionnaire making response rate of 97.1%. Majority 78 (76.5%) of participants were males with the mean age of 23.05 (SD = 1.11) years. The overall clinical practice competence of participants was 2.03 (SD = 0.54) which indicates clinical practice incompetence. Year of study [AOR 4.9; 95%, CI: 0.04, 16.53] and clinical practice placement [AOR: 2.7; 95% CI: 0.1, 14.86] were the identified associated factors of clinical practice competence at p<0.05. CONCLUSION: Clinical practice competence of nursing students was inadequate to provide quality, safe and satisfying nursing care. This could not meet patients holistic needs and may even bringfear, stress, anxiety and unnecessary errors by students at clinical sites. Nursing schools and teaching hospitals should collaborate to enhance the nursing students clinical practice competence.