[Endemic goiter in the La Kara region (Togo). Analysis of etiologic factors]. / Etude du goitre endémique dans la région de La Kara (Togo). Analyse des facteurs etiologiques.

Among 6,035 people living in 3 villages from the area of La Kara (Togo), 984 randomized subjects were investigated to evaluate goiter prevalence and related etiologic factors. Creatinine and thiocyanates (SCN-) were measured in urine, thyroid hormones and TSH in plasma. Iodine was evaluated in urine, water, salt, soil, millet and sorgho. The amount of cassava was evaluated in food. Mean goiter prevalence was 32%, reaching to 45.9% in one village; urinary iodine remained in a low range (27.2 +/- 2.18 micrograms/g creatinine in adults, 34.3 +/- 6.7 in children--m +/- SEM) independently of the presence of endemic goiter. Urinary SCN- was increased. Low iodine values were found in food, salt, soil and water which contained few mineral elements except flour which was increased in the samples collected in one of the 3 villages. Cretinism was absent, T4, T3, TSH remained in a normal range. This study confirms a high prevalence of endemic goiter in the area of La Kara with iodine deficiency, leading to an urgent iodine supplementation.

[Urbanization and health. XII. Prevalence of bacterial and viral entero-infections in 2 Serer populations]. / Urbanisation et santé. XII. Prévalence des entéro-infections bactériennes et virales dans deux populations sérèrs.

In two sample groups, natives of the same village, the first one having migrated in Dakar, the other one staying in rural environment, had been rated enterobacteries, enterovirus and intestinal parasites contamination. The rural population had been more infected than the migrants by Salmonella, Giardia intestinalis and sheltered against ascaridiose and trichocephalose. Bacterial and viral contamination, seemed to be more frequency and precocity in town environment, per contra prevalence of evocatives expression of tuberculosis was really increased in rural environment.

[Bacterial and fungal digestive flora of herring gulls (Larus argentatus) in the Camargue]. / Flore digestive bacterienne et fongique du goeland argente (Larus argentatus) en camargue (flore digestive du goeland argente).

The bacterial and fungal digestive flora of herring gulls (Larus argentatus michahellis) has been studied in Camargue, France. Of 107 cloacal swab samples, one was found to contain Salmonellae. The incidence of Escherichia coli and faecal Streptococcus was sufficiently high to suggest that greater attention should be paid to the environmental impact of this gull species.

[Simultaneous study of salmonella's infection in the population of eleven villages in Senegal and among lizards (species Agama) (author's transl)]. / Etude simultanée des infections à Salmonella dans la population de onze centres coutumiers sénégalais et chez les lézards de l'espèce Agama.

Salmonella were isolated in 3.7% villagers and 37% Agama lizard in Senegalian rural area. The distribution of the thirty serotypes which were settled in the two human and animal populations is in favour of the role of Agama in preservation of a high endemic disease level.

[Mycobacteria in the digestive tract of pink Flamingos (Phoenicopterus ruber roseus, Pallas)]. / Recherche de Mycobactéries dans le tractus digestif de flamants roses (Phoenicopterus ruber roseus, Pallas)]

Cloacal swabs were taken from 37 young wild Greater Flamingos (Phoenicopterus ruber roseus, Pallas) in Camargue (South of France). Neither pathogenic strain, nor environmental one were found. The absence of the latter could be attributed to the high NaCl levels of the ecosystems.

[Sero-epidemiology of hepatitis A. Results obtained in Senegal (Fleuve and Casamance regions) (author's transl)]. / Séro-épidémiologie de l'hépatite A. Résultats obtenus au Sénégal (régions du Fleuve et de Casamance).

The sero-epidemiological study carried out in Senegal consisting of 10 main points taken from two very different geographical areas--Senegal river and Lower Casamance, based on the evidence of anticorps against the hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV) showed that: 1) the speed of infection in very young children; 2) the large spread of this virus in rural african communities, accounted for by the living and hygiene conditions favours the spread to large numbers of people by way of mouth of the original enteric virus i.e. that of the hepatitis A.

[Cerebrospinal meningitis in Bamako from 1969 to 1978 strategic modifications]. / Méningite cérébro-spinale à bamako de 1969 a 1978, modifications stratégiques.

The observation of cerebrospinal meningitidis at Bamako from 1969 to 1978 show that the incidence of morbidity and the lethality of meningitidis are raised specially. Because there epidemiologic factors, the reflection beared on the measures of wrestling antimicrobial and vaccinal prepossession to propose for control this situation.

[A focus of human and animal anthrax in the area surrounding Kati (Republic of Mali)]. / Un foyer de charbon human et animal dans le cercle de Kati (République du Mali).

Followed of one human and animal anthrax in the circle of Kati (Republic of Mali), 1978. This localized affection interested 84 men and 38 domesticated animals. The preventive dispositions of infection and damming in of transmission are considered.