Survey and population dynamics of land snails at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt.

Land snails are a destructive agricultural pest in economic crops, but the populations for that pest are highly influenced by temperature and humidity, therefore climatic changes affected their behavior, distribution and population dynamics, for these reasons researchers should follow up on the changes in their behavior, distribution, and population dynamics. In this study, a survey study was conducted to define land snail species existing at Sharkia Governorate, Egypt, from January 2019 to March 2022 in horticultural, vegetable, and field crops and study the population dynamics for the dominant land snail species. Results showed that there are six species of land snails, these species were, Monacha cartusiana, Succinea putris, Eobania vermiculata, Theba pisana, Helicella vestalis, and Cochlicella acuta. The population dynamics of two prevalent land snail species (M. cartusiana and S. putris), were conducted during two successive growing seasons, the Egyptian clover harbored the highest number of M. cartusiana followed by wheat, while the onion was the lowest one during the study period. In the same trends, the land snail S. putris recorded the highest numbers during the growing season of the Egyptian clover crop. Finally, it is concluded that the land snail M. cartusiana considered the first grade of infestation existed everywhere at Sharkia Governorate, and the population density of the land snail is increase gradually after winter till reach the maximum density in spring.

Satisfaction of mothers by nursing care provided to their sick children in ambulatory health care centers.

The aim of the study was to measure satisfaction of mothers attending health units with their ambulatory children. A random sample of 150 mothers was included in the study from 3 ambulatory care units in Ismailia. The indirect method of measuring satisfaction was used through identification of mothers pre-visit expectations and measuring the post visit fulfillment by technical quality of nursing care. The percentage of expectation fulfillment reflected the degree of satisfaction. The mother's responses were validated by observers opinion to the same service provided. The results of the study revealed that respondent scores indicated a weak satisfaction with most of nursing care services such as taking temperature, weighing the child and carrying physicians orders. The results also revealed that aspects related to nurse's advice and guidance to mothers regarding child's condition, elicited high level of unsatisfaction.

Intraoperative ceforanide pharmacokinetics and protein binding.

The pharmacokinetics and protein binding of ceforanide were studied in 15 patients undergoing cholecystectomies. Each patient received ceforanide (20 mg/kg) intravenously on arrival in the operating room, after which serial blood samples were collected during the elimination phase for determination of total and free ceforanide concentrations in the serum. A high-pressure liquid chromatography assay was used, with a centrifugal filtration system for free-drug determinations. Serum concentration data for each individual were subjected to linear regression to determine the elimination rate constants (total and free drug), volumes of distribution, and systemic clearances. The mean elimination rate constants were 0.41 and 0.50 h-1 for total and free ceforanide, respectively. The mean percentage of ceforanide bound to serum protein was 87.9%. The relationship of the free ceforanide concentration to the total concentration appeared to be linear. The data were fit to double-reciprocal and half-reciprocal relationships with good agreement, showing one binding site and an association constant range of 1.6 X 10(7) to 1.9 X 10(7) at these in vivo concentrations. The mean volume of distribution and mean systemic clearance of total drug were 100 ml/kg and 45.9 ml/min per 1.73 m2, respectively. Ceforanide consistently produced higher intraoperative total drug concentrations compared with those of cefazolin and cefoxitin from similar studies.

Virological and serological studies of a suspected yellow fever virus outbreak in Mabudi area of Benue Plateau State of Nigeria.

Human sera collected during a suspected yellow fever outbreak in Mabudi, Benue-Plateau State of Nigeria were examined for virus content by mouse inoculation, and presence of antibody by complement fixation (CF) and neutralization (N) tests in baby mice. No virus was isolated from 116 sera examined. 40 and 41 of the 358 sera tested were positive for yellow fever and UgMP 359 CF antibodies respectively, with 12 possession CF antibodies to both viruses. In neutralization tests, 91 and 99 of the 243 sera tested were positive for yellow fever and UgMP 359 N antibodies respectively with 37 positive for both viruses. Tissues from one hundred and twelve animals; 77 rodents and 45 birds were also tested for virus content and found negative. None of the 9 rodent and 3 bird sera was positive for N antibody to either virus.