Postoperative Radiologic Assessment and Long-Term Clinical Results of Tegmen Mastoideum Defects.

Objective: Tegmen defects occur mainly due to cholesteatoma and iatrogenic trauma, and the intervention for the related defects is still a debate. In this study, we aimed to discuss our clinical experience on the management of the tegmen defects which were revealed during the mastoidectomy surgeries. Methods: This study was designed as a retrospective chart review study and patients who were operated between 2007-2017 were included. The causes of the defects, repair technics, and results of the long-term follow up were evaluated. The perioperative and postoperative defect sizes which were obtained from the radiological studies were analyzed. Results: Total number of 62 patients had tegmen defects, and their etiologic factors were cholesteatoma in 31 (50%), iatrogenic factors in 29 (46.7%), and chronic infection in 2 (3.3%) patients. The number of the tegmen defects was higher in intact canal wall technic. All of the tegmen defects were repaired with different materials, and no complication was detected. The obtained data from the postoperative radiological images revealed that the related perioperative defects were significantly decreased (p<0.001). Conclusion: The perioperative bone defects were observedly decreased significantly in postoperative period. Early detection of the defect and appropriate interventions may help to manage this problem without any complication in the long term.

Evaluation of the Effect of Diclofenac Sodium and 5-Fluourasil in a 3D Cholesteatoma Cell Culture Model.

INTRODUCTION: Middle ear cholesteatoma is a benign disease with invasive and destructive clinical behaviors. It increases the rate of both chronic otitis media complications and revision surgeries. The most effective treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma is surgical excision, and there is no medical treatment for this disease. Exploring new medical treatment options may help to create treatment alternatives instead of surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Required cholesteatoma tissues for cell culture were excised from 4 different participants who underwent surgery in our clinic and agreed to give tissue for the study. Cholesteatoma-derived keratinocytes and fibroblasts were cocultured in temperature-sensitive culture dishes to make a three-dimensional (3D) cholesteatoma model. Then, the effects of 1% and 2% diclofenac sodium on viability and cell proliferation rates were examined using WST-1 and annexin-V tests. RESULTS: Cell viability and proliferation rates were found to be lower and apoptosis rates were higher in the diclofenac sodium group versus the negative and positive control groups. CONCLUSION: In this present study, we described a new 3D cholesteatoma cell culture model developed using cell sheet technology and demonstrated the efficacy of diclofenac sodium on cholesteatoma for the first time in the literature. It may be used in patients with chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma, but further studies investigating ototoxic and neurotoxic effects of this molecule are needed.

The effects of moderately oxidised dietary oil with or without vitamin E supplementation on performance, nutrient digestibility, some blood traits, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence of male broilers.

BACKGROUND: The experiment was conducted to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of oxidised oil with or without vitamin E on performance, nutrient digestibility, some blood traits, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence system of male broilers. RESULTS: The supplementation of oxidised oil with or without vitamin E to the grower diets did not significantly affect performance, the pH and viscosity values of excreta and nutrient digestibilities in male broilers. Oxidised oil supplementation slightly increased plasma triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations but did not alter plasma glucose concentration. Although malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide concentrations tended to be higher in the oxidised oil group, these increases were not significant. Birds fed the diet containing oxidised oil had significantly lower superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. However, no differences were observed in glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and uric acid concentrations of broilers fed oxidised oil as compared to the control group. Dietary vitamin E supplementation decreased MDA concentration whereas increasing SOD activity, suggesting that vitamin E supplementation reduced susceptibility to lipid peroxidation. CONCLUSION: The results showed that a milder oxidative stress occurred by supplementation of moderately oxidised oil to the diet of broilers and vitamin E supplementation had been helpful in alleviating lipid peroxidation.