[Polymorphism of Y-chromosomal microsatellites in Russian populations from the northern and southern Russia as exemplified by the populations of Kursk and Arkhangel'sk Oblast].

Allelic polymorphisms at five Y-chromosomal microsatellite loci (DYS19, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, and DYS393) were typed in 87 individuals from male population samples from two geographically isolated regions (Arkhangelsk oblast and Kursk oblast) of the European part of Russia. The populations examined demonstrated substantial differences in the distribution of the DYS392 (P = 0.005) and DYS393 (P = 0.003) alleles. Estimates of genetic relationships between these populations and some other European populations (including Eastern-Slavic) showed that irrespectively of the measure of genetic distance chosen, Arkhangelsk population was closer to the populations belonging to the Finno-Ugric linguistic group (Saami and Estonians) and to the Estonian geographical neighbors, Latvians, while Kursk population was the member of a cluster formed by Eastern-Slavic populations (Russians of Novgorod oblast, Ukrainians, and Belarussians). Phylogenetic analysis of the most frequent haplotypes indicated that these differences between Kursk and Arkhangelsk populations were associated with high prevalence in the latter of major haplotypes characteristic primarily of the Finno-Ugric populations.

[Polymorphism of glutathione S-transferases M1 and T1 in several populations of Russia]. / Polimorfizm glutation-S-transferaz M1 i T1 v riade populiatsii Rossii.

Frequencies of the wild-type and null genotypes of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes were established in healthy donors from several Russian populations (ethnic Russians from the towns of Oshevensk and Kholmogory, Arkhangel'sk oblast; ethnic Khants; ethnic Kalmyks; and ethnic Buryats) in order to identify the ethnic group with the maximal frequency of the null genotype. The highest frequency of individuals with the null genotype of both genes was observed in the Kalmyk and Buryat populations. The results may be used to study the effect of climatic and ecological conditions on multifactorial disease incidence in populations.

[Characterization of neurons of the nodose ganglion having constant impulse activity]. / K kharakteristike neironov uzlovatogo gangliia, imeiushchikh postoiannuiu impul'snuiu aktivnost'.

In acute experiments on cats hemodynamic distress changed the impulse activity of irregular neurons of ganglion nodosum and not the regular neurons. Irregular neurons get the afferent information to myelinated and non-myelinated fibers of n. vagi.

[The mechanism of the action of dalargin in experimental myocardial ischemia]. / Mekhanizm deistviia dalargina pri éksperimental'noi ishemii miokarda.

In acute experiments on cats it has been shown that dalargin possess antiarrhythmic affect in myocardial ischemia. Antiarrythmic effect of dalagrig may be connected both with reflex and with direct action of dalargin on neurons structure, which

[Effect of dalargin on the course of myocardial ischemia]. / O vliianii dalargina na techenie ishemii miokarda.

In cat experiments, the effects of dalargin were examined on blood pressure in the animals with its various baseline levels and on the development of ischemic arrhythmias. Dalargin was demonstrated to produce a modulating effect on blood pressure and to reduce the incidence of ventricular fibrillation in myocardial ischemia.

[Participation of neurons of the ganglion nodosum in compensatory mechanisms of respiration in acute ischemic heart disease]. / Uchastie neironov uzlovatogo gangliia v kompensatornykh mekhanizmakh dykhaniia pri ostroi ishemii miokarda.

In narcotized cats different respiratory reactions in acute myocardial ischemia was estimated with complicated and non-complicated ventricular fibrillation. Compensatory mechanism in this state coincided with pulsative electrical activity variation of integrative neurons of ganglion nodosum. Neurons activity variation was detected both in natural and artificial respiration.

[Role of myelinated and unmyelinated fibers of the vagus nerve in the development of ischemic fibrillation of the heart]. / O roli mielinizirovannykh i nemielinizirovannykh volokon bluzhdaiushchikh nervov v razvitii ishemicheskoi fibrilliatsii serdtsa.

The effect of nn. vagi on ischemic heart arrhythmia was studied in acute experiments on cats. It was shown that thick myelinated fibers do not significantly alter the rate of onset of such arrhythmias. On the contrary, where the nn. vagi were cooled to 0 degree C, which entrained the block of non-myelinated fibers as well, the rate of ischemic heart arrhythmias (including heart fibrillation) drastically increased.

[Changes in the energetics of muscle contraction as a result of hyperoxia]. / Izmenenie énergetiki myshechnogo sokrashcheniia v rezul'tate giperoksii.

Using a highly sensitive thermometric method (1 X 10(-5) degrees C/mm), it was found that the heat production of a single isometric contraction of an isolated diaphragm of the rats exposed to 99% O2 at normal pressure for 3 and 6 hrs significantly differed from the norm: after 3 hr hyperoxygenation muscle heat production increased almost three-fold, and after 6 hr hyperoxygenation it decreased almost two-fold. The increase is regarded as a result of oxygen-potentiated increase of energy expenditures involved in a contraction and of a decrease of the performance of muscle contraction. The decrease is considered as a consequence of the primary in economical energy expenditures by an intensively working muscle represented by the diaphragm and of a reduced viability of the muscle preparation incubated in vitro.