[Benign tumors of the esophagus]. / Dobrokachestvennye opukholi pishchevoda.

The authors make an analysis of 30 observations of benign tumors of the esophagus (1979-1989). In 13 patients the tumors were found occasionally during the X-ray endoscopic examination, in 7 patients only the diagnosis was established on the basis of their complains, medical history and findings of an instrumental examination. A histological investigation has diagnosed leiomyoma in 10 patients, polyps in 7 patients and fibroma in 1 patient. Eighteen patients had single tumors, 2 patients had large tumors causing considerable obturation of the esophagus lumen. The endoscopic electroexcision was performed in 12 patients. No complications were noted. Only two patients were operated upon. Tumor enucleation was performed in 1 patients following laparotomy and gastrotomy. The other patient was subjected to resection of the esophagus after Torek followed by plasty of the large intestine. Long-term results were followed-up during 2-10 years. No recurrent tumors were noted. The endoscopic electroexcision of the benign esophageal tumors is the radical operation which is though to be the method of choice, especially for elderly patients with coexistent diseases.

[Autologous bone marrow transfusion in the combined treatment of cancer of the thoracic segment of the esophagus]. / Automielotransfuziia pri kombinirovannom lechenii raka grudnogo otdela pishchevoda.

Transplantation of autologous bone marrow was performed in 62 patients with carcinoma of the thoracic portion of the esophagus for prophylactics of disturbance of hemopoiesis and severe infectious complications in the postoperative period. With the help of myelokariocytopheresis procurement of the bone marrow was made 2-3 days before starting preoperative radiotherapy. After exfusion of the bone marrow mixture erythrocytes were separated and returned completely and immediately to the patient, myelokaryocytes being frozen. The volume of the bone marrow suspension from 1 patient made up on the average from 300 to 800 ml, the amount of the bone marrow cells in it from 4.5 to 11.2.10(9). Studies of the dynamics of concentrated and volumetric parameters of blood were performed. The functional specific features of the bone marrow erythropoiesis were estimated in the sternal punctate. The use of automyelotransfusion substantially reduced the frequency of infectious complications and, in the author's opinion, it is a fairly effective method of prophylactics and treatment of postoperative anemia.

[Dynamic esophageal scintigraphy by a condensed imaging method]. / Dinamicheskaia ézofagostsintigrafiia metodom kondensirovannogo izobrazheniia.

The paper is concerned with preliminary evaluation of a method of condensed imaging during processing of the results of dynamic esophageal scintigraphy to detect motor evacuatory function of the esophagus. Altogether 34 patients (20 patients with primary esophageal cancer and 14 without G. I. tract pathology) were investigated. Comparison of the results of analysis of dynamic esophageal scintigraphy by a method of condensed imaging and standard methods of diagnostic data processing has shown that a condensed image of the esophagus objectively reflects some passage features of a food lump in the organ. Condensed imaging seems superior for analysis of the results of investigation and diagnostic data storage. However, this method must not be regarded as an alternative one ruling out a necessity of analysis of esophageal histograms and calculation of RP transport in the esophagus.

[Radionuclide diagnosis of disorders of the central lymph dynamics in thoracic duct pathology]. / Radionuklidnaia diagnostika narushenii tsentral'noi limfodinamiki pri patologii grudnogo protoka.

The experience in using radiolymphography in the diagnosis of central lymph dynamics disorders in thoracic duct pathology has been analysed. For the first time in Soviet literature we encounter two observations over the state of lymph dynamics along the thoracic duct by means of lymphoscintigraphy with colloid 113mIn in patients with lymphangiectasia of the thoracic duct and chylothorax. In importance of lymphoscintigraphy in determining the compensatory mechanisms of the lymph flow in primary pathology of the main lymph collector is emphasized.

[Evaluation of the nucleolar organizer activity of tumor cells in patients with esophageal and stomach cancers]. / Otsenka aktivnosti iadryshkovykh organizatorov opukholevykh kletok u bol'nykh rakom pishchevoda i zheludka.

Silver impregnation findings of normal and cancer cell nucleoli are given for 30 cancer patients with esophageal (16) and gastric (14) carcinoma and 5 controls. It has been shown that the content of silver granules per cell (35.3 +/- 2.4) and per nucleolus (13.3 +/- 0.7) in tumor cells were significantly higher than in normal ones (11.4 +/- 1.9 and 5.3 +/- 0.5, respectively). The importance of these findings for clinical oncology is discussed.

[Value of radionuclide examination of the thoracic duct for the determination of the operability of esophageal cancer]. / Znachenie radionuklidnogo issledovaniia grudnogo limfaticheskogo protoka v opredelenii operabel'nosti bol'nykh rakom pishchevoda.

The radionuclide visualization of the thoracic lymphatic duct was fulfilled in 37 patients suspected for carcinoma of the esophagus. Operations were performed in 31 of them. Results of lymphoductoscintigraphy and of morphological examination of the operation material were compared. The authors recommend to use radionuclide investigation of the thoracic lymphatic duct in addition to other obligatory methods of examination of patients with carcinoma of the esophagus.

[Morphological analysis of the Mallory-Weiss syndrome as the basic disease and as a syndrome complicating ischemic heart disease]. / Morfologicheskii analiz sindroma Mallori-Veissa kak osnovnogo zabolevaniia i kak sindroma, oslozhniaiushchego ishemicheskuiu bolezn' serdtsa.

On the basis of the analysis of 8 autopsies of Mallory-Weiss syndrome macro- and microscopic changes of the gastric and oesophageal mucosa were found to be similar in Mallory-Weiss syndrome and in the same syndrome accompanying ischemic heart disease. Liver insufficiency and necrobiotic changes of the liver accompanying it are characteristic of Mallory-Weiss syndrome as a distinct disease.

[Organization and work experience of the endoscopy office in an emergency abdominal surgery clinic]. / Organizatsiia i opyt raboty kabineta éndoskopii v klinike neotlozhnoí abdominal'noi khirurgii

Within a five-year period in a special room intended for endoscopy 1934 investigations were performed, including 1318-on urgent indications. 77 esophago-gastroduodenoscopies were performed elsewhere-in the operating room, in the intensive care unit; 35 investigations were carried out under general anesthesia with the use of myorelaxants of a short effect. In 256 cases the neccesity of active infusion therapy and reanimation arose. In the paper, the authors' considerations concerning the need of organization, in large cities, of a mobile endoscopic team attached to the emergency medical aid are given with special reference to some features of the organization of endoscopy room in the clinic of emergency abdominal surgery.

[Endoscopic diagnosis of masked perforated peptic ulcer]. / Endoskopicheskaia diagnostika prikrytykh perforativnykh iazv zheludka i dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki

Fifty eight patients hospitalized with a suspicion to masked perforated ulcer of the stomach and duodenum were subjected to urgent fibrogastroduodenoscopy by means of modern endoscopes with fiber optics. In 8 cases the perforation was diagnosed during endoscopy and subsequently supported intraoperatively. In the remaining patients the diagnosis of perforated ulcer was rejected. An application of urgent endoscopy in patients suspected of masked perforated gastric or duodenal ulcer made it possible to avoid useless laparotomies and shorten the terms of preoperative examination and determination of indications to surgical therapy.