[Equipment for biological experiments with snails aboard piloted orbital stations].

To fly biological experiments aboard piloted orbital stations, research equipment was built up of an incubation container, filter system and automatic temperature controller. Investigations included analysis of the makeup and concentrations of gases produced by animals (snails) during biocycle, and emitted after death. Filters are chemisorption active fibrous materials (AFM) with high sorption rate and water receptivity (cation exchange fiber VION-KN-1 and anion exchange fiber VION-AS-1), and water-repellent carbon adsorbent SKLTS. AFM filters were effective in air cleaning and practically excluded ingress of chemical substances from the container into cabin atmosphere over more than 100 days.

[Equation of the helix for separating plants in a spiral-radial cultivator]. / Uravnenie spirali dlia razdvizheniia rastenii v spiral'no-luchevom kul'tivatore

Highly effective and compact cultivators must pullapart plants during vegetation in order to save light energy and area under crops. Cultivators ensuring a helical method for pulling plants apart are already available. The present paper suggests the criteria of the efficiency of using the area under crops of the cultivator and deformation of the leaf crown of plants (sigma- and delta-spectra). With respect to these values the main task of calculating the helix has been formulated. Having Chinese cabbage as an illustration, an equation of the helix has been derived. With the aid of the equation an optimal helix can be marked along the circle in polar coordinates.