[Frequency of detection of different hepatitis C virus subtypes in the Moscow region].

There is a high degree of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Moscow region. The analysis of different HCV subtypes is caused by the necessity of prognostic estimation of predominant subtypes for the near future because new schemes of antiviral therapy for several HCV genotypes are developed. It is established that subtype 1b (52.1%) prevails in Moscow region. The increase of subtype 3a (37.2%) against the decrease in subtype 1b is observed. In patients infected before 1990 HCV subtype 1b is predominant and liver cirrhosis is detected in 46.7% of cases. The intergenotypic recombinant 2k/1b is registered with the frequency of 0.8% and about 2% of cases of mixed HCV subtypes are detected.

[Development of renal tumors in rats on intermittently injected methylcholanthrene and nitrosodimethylamine]. / Razvitie opukholei v pochkakh krys pri preryvistom vvedenii metilkholangtrena i nitrozodimetilamina.

Experiments on 892 non-inbred male rats studied the development of renal tumors in the animals intermittently administered two substances different in the mechanism of carcinogenic action. Renal pre-injection of methylcholantherene (MC) in a small dose insufficient to induce renal tumors in the study period, followed by dermal applications of this agent was shown to enhance a blastomogenic effect, as manifested by both early occurrence of precarcinogenic changes and early development of renal tumors at the site of primary injection of MC into the kidney. The effect of nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) intermittently injected in a nephrotropic dose was studied in the second series of the experiments. The intermittent injection of NDMA in courses during 8 weeks gave rise to renal tumors in the early period, caused increases in the number of tumors and in the area of renal tumor proliferates. The mechanism of enhanced renal blastomogenesis is discussed in terms of the mechanisms responsible for initiation and progression.

[The clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of diphtheria in adults]. / Klinicheskie proiavleniia, diagnostika i lechenie difterii u vzroslykh.

Diphtheria morbidity among adult population of Moscow is growing. The tests of different modes and schemes of heterogeneous antidiphtheria serum administration have found out that the highest efficacy of serotherapy was achieved with a single intravenous dose. Another treatment of diphtheria is hemosorption. Widely used in present-day clinical practice hemosorbents provide adequate elimination of the toxin from plasma. The authors analyse the present situation in clinical symptoms, complications, lethality of diphtheria basing on the data provided by S. P. Botkin's Hospital.

[Effect of ionol on carcinogenesis in the kidneys]. / Vliianie ionola na kantserogenez v pochkakh.

The effect of treatment with an antioxidant--ionol (2,6-di-tert-butyl, 4-methylphenol)--on nitrosodimethylamine-induced carcinogenesis was studied. Large doses of ionol were found to inhibit tumor development in the kidney. This also involved intensification of spontaneous peroxidation of renal cortical membrane cell lipids which in turn was inhibited when additional stimulation with iron was carried out.

[Oxygen regimen of rat kidneys in regeneration and carcinogenesis]. / Kislorodnyi rezhim pochek krys pri regeneratsii i kantserogeneze.

Oxygen tension in the kidneys in compensatory hyperplasia after nephrectomy and in renal carcinogenesis induced by nitrosodimethylamine was studied in 80 albino noninbred rats. Regeneration and malignant transformation were found to involve similar changes in oxygen conditions in rat's kidneys, viz. disturbances in the function of microvessels and decreased utilization of oxygen.

[Immune and hormonal response to dimethylnitrosamine]. / Immunnyi i gormonal'nyi otvet organizma na deistvie nitrozodimetilamina.

The study was concerned with assay of levels of 11- HOCS in blood and adrenal tissues and antibody-producing cells in the spleen as well as spontaneous rosette-formation by blood thymic and splenic lymphocytes in the course of carcinogenesis induced in experimental animals by nitrosodimethylamine treatment. Heightening of adrenal cortical function was registered at two stages: at an early stage of carcinogenesis--two months after nitrosodimethylamine treatment, and during tumor progression--after 7 months. Cellular immunity inhibition was observed at the said periods.

[Effect of insulin, adrenaline and cyclic adenosine monophosphate on the activity of transport adenosine triphosphatases and pyruvate dehydrogenase of the rat myocardium under normal conditions and in insular insufficiency]. / Vliianie insulina, adrenalina i tsiklicheskogo adenozinmonofosfata na aktivnost' transportnykh ATF-az i piruvat-degidrogenazy miokarda krys v norme i pri insuliarnoi nedostatochnosti.

Experiments with rats were set up to study the interaction of hormones with Na+, K+-ATP-ase and Ca2+-ATP-ase of the sarcoplasmatic reticulum fragments and with pyruvate-dehydrogenase of the myocardial mitochondria in healthy rats and the ones with alloxan diabetes. Insulin was found to activate, while epinephrine and c-AMP to inhibit Na+, K+-ATP-ase. The Ca2+-ATP-ase is activated with epinephrine and c-AMP. In alloxan diabetes Na+, K+-ATP-ase is inhibited and Ca2+-ATP-ase and pyruvate-dehydrogenase--activated.

[Carbohydrate metabolism in the kidneys of rats with dimethylnitrosamine-induced tumors]. / Uglevodnyi obmen v pochkakh krys pri opukholiakh, indutsirovannykh dimetilnitrozaminom

Under study was anaerobic glycolysis, the activity of hexokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, gluco-6-phosphatase in rat kidneys in dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA) induced tumors in them. DMNA was administered perorally in the dosage of 10 mg/Kg during 4 weeks (25 mg per rat). Following 8 months tumors developed in the renal cortical substance. The tumor tissue, the renal cortical substance adjacent to the tumor, and the renal cortical substance without macroscopic tumor signs have been studied. An increased glycolysis, hexokinase and lactatedehydrogenase activity were noted, whereas the activity of glucoso-6-phosphatase was diminished in all tissues under examination. Changes of all indices were mostly pronounced in tumor tissue and least significant--in the renal cortical layer without any macroscopic tumor signs.