[The organization of individual human protection in emergencies]. / Organizatsiia individual'noi zashchity cheloveka pri chrezvychainykh situatsiiakh.

Individual protection should be considered as a unity of organizational, social, medical, ergonomic and technical measures. The authors characterize all components of the unity.

[Justifying the choice of respirators for the protection of respiratory organs from toxic substances]. / K obosnovaniiu bybora respiratorov dlia zashchity organov dykhaniia cheloveka ot toksichnykh veshchestv.

The article deals with comparative characteristics of various types of respirators made in Russia and applied as light means protecting respiratory organs from toxic chemicals.

[The effect of freezing the kidney in the terminal stage of hydronephrosis on its parenchymal function, arterial pressure regulation and erythropoiesis]. / Vliianie zamorazhivaniia pochki v terminal'noi stadii gidronefroza na sostoianie ee parenkhimy, reguliatsiiu arterial'nogo davleniia i éritropoéza.

The authors studied morphological changes in renal tissue in terminal hydronephrosis and in exposure of freezing, regulation of arterial pressure and erythropoiesis in cryogenic effects on hydronephrotic kidney in experiment. Reparative changes in the parenchyma appear on day 30 after freezing, systemic arterial pressure and bone marrow erythropoietic activity returned to normal. Freezing is thought more physiological compared to nephrectomy in respect to prevention of nephrogenic hypertension and anemia.

[Cryogenic effect on renal tissue and condition of intrarenal hemodynamics]. / Vliianie kriogennogo vozdeistviia na tkan' pochki i sostoianie intrarenal'noi gemodinamiki.

The paper presents experimental evidence on morphologic changes in intact kidney, tissue temperature, renal blood supply and glomerular filtration in response to freezing. Cryogenic effects manifested as necrotic and dystrophic processes. Damage to the tubular and glomerular cells can be corrected. Blood flow in the kidney was not interrupted but was directed through the bypass routes.

[Human sera as a source of anti-OF antibodies for the typing of group-A streptococci]. / Chelovecheskie syvorotki kak istochnik anti-OF-antitel dlia tipirovaniia streptokokkov gruppy A.

For typing group A streptococci anti-OF rabbit or guinea-pig sera are usually used in the Al-apoproteinase neutralization test. Still in view of the fact that the technology of the preparation of anti-OF sera with the use of laboratory animals is labor consuming and demands great expense, the use of human donor sera is expedient. A good basis for it is created by a wide spread of streptococcal diseases. At the same time it is impossible to provide a full set of anti-OF sera by the efforts of one laboratory in a single geographical region due to the absence of some types in a given population; for this reason the international bank of sera from donors having antibodies to OF(+) of group A streptococci has been created.

[Hygienic principles of physical load standardizing in physical education of school children]. / Gigienicheskie printsipy normirovaniia fizicheskikh nagruzok pri fizicheskom vospitanii shkolnikov.

The paper outlines the hygienic principles of standardizing exercises in schoolchildren's physical training. Proceeding from the optimal (proper) daily body's energy requirements, including organized physical activities, the authors propose a method of their determination. The proper values of daily energy requirements are defined from their ratio to rated maximum values by the maximum oxygen consumption. This ratio is independent of age and sex and accounts for about 20%. While comparing the actual daily energy uptake with the proper ones, their deficiency and excess is determined, which will make the optimum individual and group-specific (age-sex) standardization of exercises in schoolchildren's physical training.

[The OF characteristics of streptococci group A and immunity to streptococcal infection based on the results of OF and anti-OF tests]. / OF-kharakteristika streptokokkov gruppy A i immunitet k streptokokkovoi infektsii po rezul'tatam OF- i anti-OF-testov.

The influence of the OF activity of group A streptococci on their specific pathogenic properties has been shown, which is manifested by increased virulence of these streptococci for children of younger age groups and by a two times higher isolation rate of OF+ strains in tonsillitis than in scarlet fever. The possibility of the indirect evaluation of the content of anti-M-antibodies by the results of the anti-OF test has been revealed, which permits using this test instead of the bactericidal test, more complicated, in the study of immunity to infection induced by group A OF+ streptococci. Among the main methods of laboratory support of epidemiological surveillance on streptococcal infection, the introduction of the highly discriminating OF typing and the anti-OF test into practical use is recommended.

[Hygienic substantiation of physical load standards in physical education of schoolchildren]. / Gigienicheskoe obosnovanie normativnykh trebovanii k nagruzkam pri fizicheskom vospitanii shko'lnikov.

The research specific to the changes in body functioning under the effect of various loads of cyclic character was carried out. The results thus obtained made it possible to analyze sex- and age-specific characteristics of body functional capacities of schoolchildren aged 6-15 (yearly characteristics). It was pointed out that by 13-14 years the schoolchildren, primarily girls, lost some of their adaptation capacity to physical load. The problem could be solved due to additional physical training activities aimed at the development of endurance, the trait being of primary importance for health promotion in schoolchildren.

[Spectrum analysis of vestibular nystagmus]. / Spektral'nyi analiz vestibuliarnogo nistagma.

A procedure for the spectral analysis of nystagmograms obtained by rotary stimulation with the rate of 180 degrees/s for 20 s has been developed with the aim to reveal the most typical changes in the vestibular nystagmus with one or another form of the cochleovestibular pathology. A signal recorded in the analogous form was processed by computer EC-1022. Periodograms were calculated by the method of the fast Fourier transform and periodogram smoothing by averaging of realization sites. In case of Ménière's disease the third harmonic was not recorded on periodograms when right and left labyrinths were stimulated and in the case of neurites of acoustic nerves, the third or fifth harmonic was not observed. A supposition is advanced that the third harmonic reflects the state of the peripheral area of the vestibular analyzer, while the fifth harmonic--the central one.

[OF- and anti-OF test systems in microbiological and epidemiologic practice]. / OF- i anti-OF-test-sistemy v mikrobiologicheskoi i épidemiologi- cheskoi praktike.

The possibilities of group A streptococcus typing are opened up, the microorganism being the causative agent of a highly prevalent infectious disease. The first Soviet-made kit of immune anti-OF sera for typing OF-positive group A streptococci have been prepared. A possibility of preparing a human donor kit of anti-OF sera is discussed.