[JUSTIFICATION OF CHOICE OF THE POSITION OF THE REINFORCEMENT ELEMENT OF A GLASS-FIBER ADHESIVE TIRE BASED ON THE STUDY OF DIAGNOSTIC MODELS IN THE ARTICULATOR AND THE FOLLOWING PARALLELMETRIC RESEARCH].

The aim of the study was to develop the most optimal variant for placing the reinforcing element of a fiberglass splint with the mobility of the anterior teeth on the basis of a parallelometric study of the diagnostic models of the jaws depending on the type of occlusion and the degree of bone resorption. For the most optimal variant of the placement of the reinforcing element of the adhesive splint with orthognathic bite and deep incisal overlap, the front slope of the model was selected with the transfer of the reinforcing element of the adhesive splint onto the lingual surface. With direct, prognathic and progenic bite and bone resorption up to » height (according to retrography data), the back slope of the model was selected with the placement of the reinforcing element of the adhesive splint on the vestibular surface of the lower jaw. The disadvantage of locating the reinforcing element on the lingual surface when the incisors were crowded was that after the application of the splint and inter-proximal adaptation, the change in the position of the teeth was not corrected. On the contrary, when applying an adhesive splint on the vestibular surface with the help of restoration, it was possible to completely restore the original position of the teeth and fix it for a long time.

[Skin morphology in congenital ichthyosis (Harlequin fetus)].

The paper describes a skin morphological examination using an immunohistochemical study (Ki-67, cytokeratin (CK) 5/6, and CK LMW) in a dead 4-month-old girl with congenital ichthyosis (Harlequin ichthyosis (HI)). There is impaired proliferative activity, abnormalities in epidermal differentiation with abnormal CK LMW synthesis, and those in the differentiation of the skin appendages. There are also pronounced sclerotic changes with a predominance of reticulin fibers, derma, and its vessels. The patient with HI and trichoepithelioma is noted to have the similar immunohistochemical phenotype of hair bulbs.

[Modern digital technologies as a useful tool for dental implantation planning].

The method of implant size choice concerning mechanical properties of bone tissue surrounding an implant is proposed based on CT-assessment of anatomical and topographical conditions using MIMICS-ANSYS software.

[Diagnostic and treatment patterns in management of male patients with nongonococcal urethritis: results of Russian multicentral cross-sectional study].

The aim of the study was to estimate the diagnostic and treatment patterns in the management of acute nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) in males in some cities of Russia. Retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009 in 5 centers of 4 cities in the Central Part of Russia (Kaluga, Pskov, Smolensk - 2 centres and Tula). The data on the diagnostic and treatment approaches to the management of NGU in male subjects >16 years old were collected and analyzed with the use of specially designed case report forms. 556 cases of acute urethritis were analyzed during the study. The diagnosis of NGU was confirmed in 401 cases. The average age of the patients was 29.8 years (16-68 years). The following diagnostic methods were used in 95% of the cases: urethral smear microscopy (314/82.4%), C. trachomatis - PCR (113/29.7%), ELISA (155/40.7%); T. vaginalis - PCR (106/27.8%); U. urealyricum and M. hominis, respectively - bacteriology (140/36.7% and 126/33.1%), PCR (110/28.9% and 108/28.3%); M. genitalium - PCR (110/28.9%). The treatment patterns included antimicrobials AMs alone in 60.3, and AMs + non-AMs in 37.8% of the cases. The most frequently prescribed AMs were azithromycin (27.5%), fluconazole (16.4%), doxycycline (13.6%), metronidazole (11.2%), ofloxacine (7.3%), ceftriaxone (4.4%), josamycin (4.2). According to the results use of the standard methods for NGU diagnosis was rather rare. The use of PCR for atypical pathogens was the following: C. trachomatis 29.7%, U. urealyticum 36.7%, M. hominis 28.9%, M. genitalium 28.3%. Doubtful culture methods were used for detection of U. urealyticum and M. hominis (36.7% and 33.1%). The AMs treatment in some cases was not in compliance with the up-to-date practical guidelines for STD and NGU.

[Diagnosis of pre-recurrent syndrome in bleeding ulcer of the stomach and duodenum]. / Diagnostika predretsidivnogo sindroma pri krovotochashchei iazve zheludka i dvenadtsatiperstnoi kishki.

The individual surgical strategy used in the recent years has allowed to improve results of treatment of patients with ulcerous gastroduodenal bleedings. A considerable number of recurrent hemorrhages due to insufficiently reliable prognosis is responsible for high lethality in this pathology. An investigation of pathogenesis of rebleedings as well as a statistical analysis of 249 case histories of patients with ulcerous hemorrhages allowed detection of most significant clinico-laboratory and endoscopic signs of recurrent bleeding. Of the greatest importance were case histories of collapse, active bleeding by G.P. Gidikir, size of the ulcer and blood loss indices. The program Statistica 5.5 (USA, 1998) was used for the development of the algorithm of prognosis of recurrent bleeding as three trees of solutions. The prognosis exactness by each of the trees was about 80%. The combined use of several trees substantially increased the prognosis reliability. The method can be recommended for wide practical application due to its simplicity and exactness.

The inventory of antibiotics in Russian home medicine cabinets.

The objective of this study was to inventory the stock of antimicrobials in the home medicine cabinets (HMCs) of the general population in Russia and to find out for which indications people report that they would use antibiotics without a physician's recommendation. The research was performed in 9 Russian cities by physicians who visited households. An inventory of antibiotics in HMCs was made, and respondents were asked about instances in which they would choose automedication with antibiotics. We found that 83.6% of families had antibiotics for systemic use in HMCs. The most common antibiotics in HMCs were trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (46.3% of HMCs), ampicillin (45.1%), chloramphenicol (32.7%), erythromycin (25.5%), and tetracycline (21.8%). The major indications for automedication with antibiotics were acute viral respiratory tract infections (12.3% of total indications), cough (11.8%), intestinal disorders (11.3%), fever (9%), and sore throat (6.8%). According to this study, antibiotics are widely stocked among the general population in Russia, and people use antibiotics in an uncontrolled and imprudent manner.

[Laser extraction of brown cataracts with an Nd-YAG 1.44 mcm laser]. / Lazernaia ékstraktsiia burykh katarakt s Nd-YAG 1.44 mkm lazerom.

A total of 172 extractions of brown nucleus cataracts with maximum compactness were carried out using a RAKOT complex of devices, developed by the authors for laser extraction of compact nuclei and based on the use of Nd:YAG laser with a wavelength of 1.44 mu. Brown cataract was effectively destroyed at 200-250 mJ and pulse generation frequency 25 Hz within 9-12 min during the first 20 operations and 4-6 min during subsequent 152 operations. Five (2.9%) ruptures of the posterior capsule of the lens were detected. The cornea remained transparent on days 1-2 in 9 of 20 (45%) first operations and in 150 of 152 (98.6%) subsequent operations. A combination of common and heavy viscous elastic was used for the protection of the posterior surface of the cornea. The posterior capsule of the lens was protected by an original silicone thin plate. Loss of corneal epithelium in such a method of nucleus destruction is no more than 2-6%. Intraocular pressure is no higher than 21 mm Hg. If the coefficient of liquid discharge easiness is decreased before the intervention, intraocular pressure can increase during the early postoperative period. High visual acuity (0.7-1.0) was attained in 98% cases in the absence of concomitant retinal diseases. No complications which could be attributed to negative effect of laser on the eye were recorded during the remote period after the operation. The results indicate high efficiency and safety of laser extraction of cataracts.

A laser-abrasive method for the cutting of enamel and dentin.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This paper introduced a new method for the removal of hard dental tissue based upon the use of particles accelerated by laser irradiation, which the authors have called the laser-abrasive method. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: The particles used were sapphire as powder or an aqueous suspension. The effect of the products of enamel ablation was also investigated. The particles were accelerated using submillisecond pulses of Er:YAG and Nd:YAG lasers. A strobing CCD camera was used to measure the speed of the ejected particles. The additional contribution of these particles to the efficiency of laser ablation of enamel and dentin was also investigated. RESULTS: The results showed that the enamel particles produced by the beam-tissue interaction were also accelerated by this process of ablation and were effective in the removal of enamel and dentin. The use of an aqueous suspension of sapphire particles increased the efficiency of enamel removal threefold when compared with the use of an Er:YAG laser with water spray. CONCLUSIONS: The laser-abrasive method allowed for the removal of enamel and dentin at speeds approaching those of the high-speed turbine.

[The status and current problems of the radiation protection support for Naval personnel]. / Sostoianie i aktual'nye voprosy obespecheniia radiatsionnoi zashchity lichnogo sostava Voenno-Morskogo Flota.

The article focuses on the radiation problems for the Navy personnel dealing with the nuclear and radioactive waste, since the existing standards become obsolete due to some new technologies in the development of the materials, endangering the environment and people's health.

A comparison of three methods for the diagnosis of sound, stained, and carious dentine: conventional, mechanico-acoustic, and laser-acoustic methods.

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined two novel and objective methods for diagnosing stained, carious, and sound dentine, a mechanico-acoustic method and a laser-acoustic method, and compared these with the conventional but subjective method of visual and tactile assessment using a dental probe. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: It is accepted clinical practice to leave stained but relatively firm dentine on the pulpal surface of dental cavities prepared for restoration. The problem for the clinician is in deciding which dentine is carious and which is stained but acceptable to be left in situ. There is no objective method for making this decision, it is usually made on the basis of visual examination and tactile assessment using a dental probe. METHODS: The authors used Fourier analysis of acoustic waves arising from mechanical (dental probe) or laser (Er:YAG laser) interaction with the tooth surface and compared the results with the subjective assessment of the same tissue surfaces as judged by a clinician using visual and tactile assessment with the same dental probe. RESULTS: The results showed that both the mechanico-acoustic and laser-acoustic methods were more accurate and more objective than the conventional visual/tactile method and that an analysis of both the integral and spectral signals produced by the Er:Yag Laser (lambda = 2.94 microns) allowed for a more accurate diagnosis than the other two methods examined. CONCLUSIONS: Both mechanico-acoustic and laser-acoustic methods of diagnosing sound, stained, and carious dentine were more accurate than the subjective visual/tactile method using a dental probe. The laser-acoustic method was the most accurate of all of the methods compared. An advantage of the laser-acoustic method is that it could be included into the actual process of cavity preparation when using an Er:YAG laser, providing an objective and more accurate assessment of the nature of the remaining dentin and may therefore be more economic of time, eliminating the necessity for constant cessation of drilling to assess the nature of the target tissue.

[The prospects for using mobile units for radiation hygiene control in the Navy]. / Perspektivy ispol'zovaniia mobil'nykh kompleksov radiatsionno-gigienicheskogo kontrolia v Voenno-Morskom Flote.

By one of ways of perfection of means and methods of the radioactive-hygiene irradiation doses control of personnel and radioactive contamination control of environment in the regions of dislocation of radioactive dangerous objects is creation of mobile complexes of the radioactive hygiene control, forming basis of mobile medical-economic complex (Zhiliaev E. G., Volodin A. S., Gavriutin V. M., 1995). In article a general characteristic of such complexes is given and example of practical use of one of typical mobile radiologic laboratories of domestic production as analogue of a mobile complex of the radioactive hygiene control.

[Hygienic expert evaluation in the standardization of the use of polymer and other materials in food industry]. / Opyt gigienicheskoi ékspertizy pri reglamentatsii primeneniia polimernykh i drugikh materialov v pishchevykh otrasliakh promyshlennosti.

Numerous polymers and other materials to be used in food industry should be rapidly assessed from a hygienic view-point. Experience gained in this sphere permits us recommend a method for rapid hygienic expert evaluation of such materials. Approaches to, and potentialities of such expert evaluation are demonstrated.

[Bacterial activity in the products of laser destruction of human dental enamel and dentin]. / Aktivnost'bakterii v produktakh lazernogo rezrusheniia emali i dentina zuba cheloveka.

Viability of Streptococci, Staphylococci, and Bacillus subtilis in products of destruction of hard dental tissues of man by submillisecond pulses emmitted by erbium lasers YAG:Er and YSGG:Cr,Er was investigated. Bacterial viability was found to depend on the energy density and duration of laser exposure. Possible mechanisms of bacterial destruction by pulses of submillisecond duration emmitted by erbium laser are discussed.

[The continuity between the polyclinic and the surgical hospital in rendering specialized medical care to patients with chronic calculous cholecystitis]. / O preemstvennosti mezhdu poliklinikoi i khirurgicheskim statsionarom v okazanii spetsializirovannoi meditsinskoi pomoshchi bol'nym khronicheskim kal'kuleznym kholetsistitom.

A thorough clinical analysis of pains in the right hypochondrium was carried out in 880 patients. There were 80 men (the mean age 45 years) and 800 women (the mean age 40 years). Three groups of the symptom complexes were distinguished, pointing to: (a) dyskinesia of the gallbladder by the hypotonic type; (b) dyskinesia of the gallbladder by the hypertonic type; (c) chronic cholecystitis. Ultrasonography of the abdominal organs in 55 persons, primarily in the third group patients revealed calculous cholecystitis which accounted for 6. 25% of the total number of the examinees. All the patients suffering from chronic calculous cholecystitis received cholecystectomy on an elective basis. It should be mentioned that preoperative examination and treatment of concomitant diseases were done on an outpatient basis, which permitted the patients' stay at the hospital to be reduced more than two-fold (to 15 days). The data obtained allowed a conclusion about the necessity of a wider use of ultrasonography of the gallbladder as a screening method to examine outpatients with pains in the right hypochondrium and of carrying out an all-round examination and treatment of concomitant diseases in patients suffering from chronic calculous cholecystitis at the prehospital stage.

["Resection of parietal cells" in the treatment of duodenal ulcer]. / "Rezektsiia obkladochnykh kletok" v lechenii duodenal'noi iazvy.

Resection of the parietal cells, a modification of the generally known Wangensteen's tubular resection, was carried out in 8 patients with duodenal ulcer. The greater curvature of the stomach was removed to the left of the line joining the prepyloric part and the His angle. The operation was not devoid of technical difficulties, especially in well-nourished patients with high position of the cardia. The immediate postoperative course was uneventful. The ulcer was not found in any of the patients by endoscopy conducted in periods of 16 to 36 months, all of them noted subjective improvement after the operation. The results allow the operation to be recommended for the treatment of duodenal ulcer complicated by penetration and hemorrhages, when distal resection is a considerable risk.