[Effect of the urea fertilization in pasture on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)]. / Efeito da adubação com uréia em pastagem, sobre Rhipicephalus(Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae).

The objective of this study was to verify the effect of the urea fertilization in pasture on Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus population in free living stage. Two groups had been made, a control group and a urea treatment group, each group with 10 lots of Mombaça grass (Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça). In day zero had been placed 12 engorged tick females in each lot and made fertilization with urea in the dosage of 60 g in the lots of the treat group. In 27th day the grass was cutted out in 1 to 5 lots of both groups and fertilized with urea in the lots of 1 to 5 in the treat group. In 40th day was released a white flannel 1.60 x 1.00 m length on each lot to verify the presence of larvae. The results presented a difference of 85.97% (P < 0.0001) between the treat group and the control group.

Efeito do controle estratégico de Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (acari: ixodidae) sobre a população de Anocentor nitens (Neumann, 1897) (acari: ixodidae) em eqüinos / Effect of the strategic control of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (acari: ixodidae) on the population of Anocentor nitens (Neumann, 1897) (acari: ixodidae) in equines

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de um programa de controle estratégico de Amblyomma cajennense sobre a população de Anocentor nitens em eqüinos. Os tratamentos carrapaticidas foram realizados a cada sete dias e divididos em dois módulos, o primeiro com início em abril de 2004 (oito tratamentos) e o segundo com início em julho do mesmo ano (cinco tratamentos), utilizando-se a base química piretróide - cipermetrina na concentração de 0,015 por cento. Avaliou-se mensalmente a carga parasitária de A. nitens no pavilhão auricular e divertículo nasal dos eqüinos antes (outubro de 2003 a março de 2004) e depois (outubro de 2004 a março de 2005) do controle estratégico com banhos carrapaticidas. Utilizaram-se escores de 0 a 3 para classificar os níveis de infestação. Entretanto, não houve redução significativa da carga parasitária de A. nitens no pavilhão auricular e no divertículo nasal dos eqüinos, possivelmente, devido a não aplicação sistemática de carrapaticida no divertículo nasal, pois, esta estrutura anatômica é um importante sítio de infestação por A. nitens em eqüinos.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Amblyomma cajennense strategic control program on the Anocentor nitens population. The acaricide treatments were carried out every seven days and divided in two series, the first one beginning in April 2004 (eight treatments) and the second beginning in July of the same year (five treatments), using pyrethroid chemical base - cypermethrin in the concentration of 0,015 percent. Monthly it was evaluated the infestation of A. nitens in the ear and nasal diverticulum of the equines before (October 2003 to March 2004) and after (October of 2004 to March of 2005) the strategic program of acaricide treatments. It was used score of 0 to 3 to classify the infestation levels. It did not have any significant reduction of the parasitic load of A. nitens in the ear and nasal diverticulum of the equines. Possibly, due to absence of acaricide in the nasal diverticulum. Therefore, this anatomical structure it is an important place of infestation by A. nitens in equines.

Controle estratégico de Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (acari: xodidae) em eqüinos, Minas Gerais, Brasil - Parte I / Strategic control of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (acari: ixodidae) on horses, Minas Gerais, Brazil - Part I

Objetivou-se verificar a eficiência de um programa de controle estratégico de Amblyomma cajennense em eqüinos sob condições de campo. Os tratamentos carrapaticidas foram realizados a cada sete dias e divididos em dois módulos: o primeiro com início em abril e término em maio de 2004 (oito banhos) e o segundo com início e término em julho de 2004 (cinco banhos), visando atingir as larvas e ninfas do carrapato. Empregou-se a base química piretróide - cipermetrina 0,015 por cento, para banhar os eqüinos. Após o programa de controle houve uma redução de 44,85 por cento da carga parasitária de adultos do carrapato no período de outubro de 2004 a março 2005, e de 59,74 por cento, em fevereiro e março de 2005. Os resultados demonstraram a efetividade do controle estratégico. No entanto, consideram-se importantes fatores operacionais e de gerenciamento que podem interferir na aplicação prática desta tecnologia.

The aim of this study was to verify the efficiency of a strategic control program of Amblyomma cajennense in horses under field conditions. Acaricide treatments were applied at seven days intervals and divided in two series, the first one beginning in April 2004 (eight treatments), and the second one beginning in July 2004 (five treatments), aiming to control larvae and nymphs of the tick. A pyrethroid chemical base cypermethrin 0.015 percent was used for spraying the horses. There was a reduction of 44.85 percent in the adults infestetion of the tick in the period of October 2004 to March 2005, and 59.74 percent, in February and March 2005. Results showed the effectiveness of the strategic control. Important administrative and operational procedures can interfere with the practical application of this technology, and should be considered.

[Effect of the strategic control of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (Acari: Ixodidae) on the population of Anocentor nitens (Neumann, 1897) (Acari: Ixodidae) in equines]. / Efeito do controle estratégico de Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (Acari: Ixodidae) sobre a população de Anocentor nitens (Neumann, 1897) (Acari: Ixodidae) in equines.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Amblyomma cajennense strategic control program on the Anocentor nitens population. The acaricide treatments were carried out every seven days and divided in two series, the first one beginning in April 2004 (eight treatments) and the second beginning in July of the same year (five treatments), using pyrethroid chemical base - cypermethrin in the concentration of 0,015%. Monthly it was evaluated the infestation of A. nitens in the ear and nasal diverticulum of the equines before (October 2003 to March 2004) and after (October of 2004 to March of 2005) the strategic program of acaricide treatments. It was used score of 0 to 3 to classify the infestation levels. It did not have any significant reduction of the parasitic load of A. nitens in the ear and nasal diverticulum of the equines. Possibly, due to absence of acaricide in the nasal diverticulum. Therefore, this anatomical structure it is an important place of infestation by A. nitens in equines.

[Strategic control of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (Acari: Ixodidae) on horses, Minas Gerais, Brazil - Part I]. / Controle estratégico de Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (Acari: Ixodidae) em eqüinos, Minas Gerais, Brasil - Parte I.

The aim of this study was to verify the efficiency of a strategic control program of Amblyomma cajennense in horses under field conditions. Acaricide treatments were applied at seven days intervals and divided in two series, the first one beginning in April 2004 (eight treatments), and the second one beginning in July 2004 (five treatments), aiming to control larvae and nymphs of the tick. A pyrethroid chemical base cypermethrin 0.015% was used for spraying the horses. There was a reduction of 44.85% in the adults infestation of the tick in the period of October 2004 to March 2005, and 59.74%, in February and March 2005. Results showed the effectiveness of the strategic control. Important administrative and operational procedures can interfere with the practical application of this technology, and should be considered.