CRIF1-CDK2 Interface Inhibitors Enhance Taxol Inhibition of the Lethal Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Paclitaxel (taxol), a chemotherapeutic agent, remains the standard of care for the lethal triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, over 50% of TNBC patients become resistant to chemotherapy and, to date, no solution is available. CR6-interacting factor 1 (CRIF1) is reported to act as a negative regulator of the cell cycle by interacting with cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). In our study, two selective CRIF1-CDK2 interface inhibitors were used to investigate whether they could exert anti-proliferative activity on the TNBC cell lines. When combined with taxol treatment, these two inhibitors can advance the cells from G0/G1 to S and G2/M phases, producing irreparable damage to the cells, which then undergo apoptosis. Moreover, they enhanced the reduction in cell proliferation induced by taxol in TNBC cells, thereby improving sensitivity to taxol in these cell lines. Importantly, the inhibitors did not regulate the cell cycle in normal cells, indicating their high selectivity towards TNBC cells. Overall, the resistance to the anti-proliferative effects induced by taxol can be significantly reduced by the combined treatment with selective CRIF1-CDK2 interface inhibitors, making a conceptual advance in the CDK-related cancer treatment.

Capripoxvirus antibodies detection: Relationship between the two methods alpha and beta of virus neutralisation test.

Virus neutralisation test (VNT) of capripoxvirus (CaPVs) was studied to assess the post-vaccination (vaccine effectiveness) or post-infection antibodies level using two methods: alpha-VNT and beta-VNT which are generally carried out to measure the Neutralising Index (N.I.) and the serum Antibody titre (TAb) respectively. The authors have demonstrated that a positive correlation exists between N.I. and TAb values, this study aimed to add more evidence to this correlation by establishing a graph and its mathematical equations. We found that: N.I. = (1.489 Log TAb) + 1.331; this serves as a base to calculate N.I. using TAb values measured by beta-VNT without going through alpha-VNT and vice versa. At the end of this study, we evaluated the equation accuracy by two parameters; the deviation (d) and the error percentage, which were d = 0.2 and error (%) = 8%, respectively.