[A short test for potential carcinogenicity of water soluble synthetic polymers].

The effect of synthetic water-soluble polymer with different structure on the appearance in SZNA mice of carcinogen-protein adducts (CPA) containing endogenous carcinogen, 3-oxyanthranilic acid (3-OAA), was investigated. CPA containing 3-OAA (3-OAA-CPA) were detected during the administration of 24 of 30 investigated polymers. The induction of 3-OAA-CPA and the character of their distribution in the organism (in all investigated tissues: serum, extracts of liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys tissues or in single tissues) depended on the chemical structure of polymers. It is concluded, that synthetic polymers represent potential cancerogenic danger, because their administration causes formation of 3-OAA-CPA in the organism of animals.

[Experimental evaluation of immunotoxicity of olipifat]. / Eksperimental'noe issledovanie immunotoksicheskikh svoistv olipifata.

The paper presents our data on the influence of Olipifat on the mass and cell patterns of the immune system organs, phagocytic activity of macrophages, number of antibody-producing B-lymphocytes and immune rosette-forming T-lymphocytes. Olipifat showed no immunotoxic characteristics; it stimulated T-system immunity as evidenced by a significant increase in the number of immune rosette-forming T-lymphocytes in mice after injection of 100 or 50 mg/kg.

[The antimicrobial activity and acute toxicity of the polymer salts of gentamycin]. / Issledovanie antimikrobnoi aktivnosti i ostroi toksichnosti polimernykh solei gentamitsina.

By neutralization of copolymers of N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide with acrylic acid and copolymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone with crotonic and p-crotonoylaminophenoxyacetic acids in the presence of gentamycin, water-soluble polymer salts containing from 10 to 25 mass% of gentamycin were obtained. These salts regardless of gentamycin content completely retain high level of antimicrobial activity of gentamycin against Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli and are characterized by less (by more than one order of magnitude) acute toxicity.

[Biochemical and immunologic analysis of pepsinogen I in blood serum and mucosa in patients with gastric tumors and non-tumor diseases]. / Biokhimicheskii i immunologicheskii analiz pepsinogena I syvorotki krovi i slizistoi obolochki bol'nykh opukholevymi i neopukholevymi zabolevaniiami zheludka.

The results of the biochemical and immunologic studies of pepsinogen I (PG-I) occurring in the mucosa and blood serum of patients with tumors and non-tumor conditions of the stomach are discussed. Pepsinogen I was identified in human blood serum using rabbit antibodies against PG-I. Sharp drop in blood serum-PG-I level in patients with gastric tumors has been confirmed.

[Comprehensive palliative therapy--ways of improving the quality of life for cancer patients]. / Kompleksnoe palliativnoe lecheniie--put' k uluchsheniiu kachestva zhizni onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

The results of evaluation of different kinds of palliative treatment (the complex one included) of 430 cancer patients are presented. The practices of the health service as well as the tentative conclusions of our investigations have shown that better palliation is both necessary and promising following radical surgery or in cases of extensive tumor process. If taken in combination, such procedures as transcranial electroanesthesia, electroacupuncture, palliative chemo- and hormone therapy, laser and analgetics of a new generation may be instrumental in considerably improving the quality of life in cancer patients, psychotherapy being an indispensable component.

[Investigation of immune response in rubber workers at high risk for cancer]. / Issledovanie immunoreaktivnosti u rabochikh rezinovoi promyshlennosti v gruppe povyshennogo onkologicheskogo riska.

The study was concerned with immune response in the workers engaged in rubber manufacture which is a cancer hazard. A group of healthy donors were in control. The study group was divided into those free from carcinogen-protein adducts (CPA) and those who revealed them and, therefore, are considered at high risk for cancer. CPAs containing benzidine, 2-naphtylamine or 3-oxyanthranyl acid were assayed in blood serum. B- and T-immunity inhibition was shown to be present in both study sub-groups. A significant difference in immune response indices was established between the CPA-free and CPA-containing groups of the rubber workers. The latter group had relatively higher levels of IgA, IgM and globulins of immunocomplexes, and revealed inhibition of formation of antibody-forming cells to ovine erythrocytes following injection of CPA-containing blood serum into mice as well as relatively higher suppression of T-cell immunity in the workers at high risk.

[The use of lyophilized blood serum for determining the 3-HAA antigen in patients with precancerous diseases and cancer of the bladder]. / Ispol'zovanie liofilizirovannoi syvorotki krovi dlia opredeleniia 3-OAK-antigena u bol'nykh s predopukholevymi zabolevaniiami i rakom mochevogo puzyria.

3-OAK antigen was determined by immunodiffusion in agar by means of immune sera containing antibodies against 3-OAK. In patients with cancer of the urinary bladder the percentage of detecting 3-OAK-Ag in the native serum was 76.9 while in lyophilized it was 41.9. In patients with pretumorous diseases (leukoplakia, chronic cystitis, papillomas) their values were 64.1 and 56.1 respectively. It is concluded that lyophilized blood serum may be used in the clinical practice for immunological and serological examinations.

Conjugates of benzidine with a ternary phenol-containing copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone as test antigens for the detection of benzidine in human serum.

Water-soluble polymeric amide and azo derivatives of benzidine, based on the terpolymer N-vinylpyrrolidone-crotonic acid-p-crotonoylaminophenol, which possesses adjuvant activity, were synthesized. By means of a double diffusion reaction in agar and a complement-binding reaction it was found that immunization of rabbits with the benzidine-polymer antigens (with or without complete Freund's adjuvant) led to the formation of highly specific antibodies against the hapten benzidine. Sera from rabbits immunized with these conjugates of benzidine may thus be used for the detection of benzidine in the sera of workers exposed to this chemical.

[Study of the immunogenicity of conjugates, obtained by means of chemical interaction of benzidine with synthetic polyelectrolytes]. / Issledovanie immunogennosti kon''iugatov, poluchennykh putem khimicheskogo vzaimodeistviia benzidina s sinteticheskimi poliélektrolitami.

The formation of specific antibodies to benzidine under immunization of rabbits with conjugates obtained by joining benzidine through diazolinkage to vinylpyrrolidone therpolymer (VP) is shown possible. Data obtained demonstrate that blood serum of intact rabbits is able to participate in immunodiffusion reaction with copolymers and therpolymer VP making 1-2 precipitation lines. However, this ability is lost after benzidine linkage, which indicates the possible loss of immunological specificity by macromolecules after interaction between carcinogens and their determinant groups.

[Immunoreactivity and the effect on it of the 3-HAA antigen in patients with gastrointestinal tumors]. / Issledovanie immunoreaktivnosti i vliianiia na nee 3-OAK-antigena u bol'nykh opukholami zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta.

3-hydroxyanthranilic acid(3-HAA)-antigen, commonly identifiable in blood serum of gastrointestinal cancer patients was shown to influence immunologic vigor in vitro. Treatment of patients' cultured lymphocytes with 3-HAA-antigen and PHA produced a statistically significant inhibition of blastogenic reaction of lymphocytes. Exposure to the said antigen gave a positive leukocyte migration inhibition test both in patients and controls. Antibodies against 3-HAA-antigen were identified in patients' serum by complement fixation test. Blood serum levels of the said antibodies and IgG were found to be in correlation with blood-3-HAA-antigen concentration. Patients' serum revealed an immunosuppressive activity inhibiting formation of antibody-producing cells to sheep erythrocytes in Jerne assay in mice.

[3-HAA-antigen and immunoreactivity indices in patients with bladder tumors]. / 3-OAK-antigen i pokazateli immunoreaktivnosti u bol'nykh opukholiami mochevogo puzyria.

Immunologic vigor and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA)-antigen level were studied in patients with urinary bladder cancer. Leukocyte migration inhibition test demonstrated the inhibitory effect of the said antigen on leukocyte migration in patients with early stage cancer. As tumor advanced, the process accelerated. The 3-HAA-antigen-containing blood serum of bladder cancer patients inhibited the synthesis of rosette-forming cells and antibodies to sheep erythrocytes. A correlation was established between the suppressive effect and tumor stage.

[Effect of an operation on the immunoreactivity indices, their postoperative dynamics and the effect of 3-HAA-antigen on these indices in patients with gastrointestinal tumors]. / Vliianie operatsii na pokazateli immunoreaktivnosti, ikh dinamiku v posleoperatsionnom periode i deistvie 3-OAK-antigena na éti pokazateli u bol'nykh opukholiami zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta.

The following parameters were studied in cases of gastrointestinal tumors: 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3-HAA)-antigen in blood serum; antibodies to 3-HAA-antigen; immunoglobulins G, A and M (after Manchini); 3-HAA-antigen effect on blastogenic reaction of lymphocytes; 3-HAA-antigen effect on leucocyte migration; blood serum effect on cells producing antibodies to ram erythrocytes, and levels of T-lymphocytes and their subpopulations. The studies were conducted before operation, 4-6, 7 and more months after operation. Tumor removal as well as tumor recurrences and metastases were shown to have an effect on the first 4 parameters. 3-HAA-antigen stimulated the formation of specific antibodies, suppressed blastogenic reaction of lymphocytes but failed to affect leucocyte migration significantly.

[Effect of synthetic polymers on the formation of carcinogen-protein antigens in the early stages of carcinogenesis]. / Vliianie sinteticheskikh polimerov na obazovanie kantserogen--belkovykh antigenov na rannikh stadiiakh kantserogeneza.

Polymers of different chemical structure were studied for their effect on the production of carcinogen-protein antigens (CPA) at early stages of benzidine-induced carcinogenesis in mice. Polyacrylic acid (out of the four polymers studied) was found to exert the most pronounced inhibitory effect on the CPA production mainly in the liver.

[Immunological reaction to 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid in the diagnosis of lung cancer]. / Immunologicheskaia reaktsiia na 3-oksiantranilovuiu kislotu v diagnostike raka legkogo.

Two hundred patients with carcinoma of lungs, 56 patients with chronic pneumonia and 142 donors were investigated to reveal the presence of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid antigen in their blood serum. The antigen was found to equal 91,5%, 25% and 1,4% respectively. The pronounced tendency to decrease the response to 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid antigen and to increase the titres of isohemagglutinins was observed in radically operated patients. The opposite tendency was found to develop in incurable patients.

[Detection of an antigen containing 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid in the sera of patients with tumors of different localizations]. / Obnaruzhenie antigena, soderzhashchego 3-oksiantranilovuiu kislotu, v syvorotke krovi bol'nykh s opukholiami razlichnoi lokalizatsii

An unusual antigen containing a carcinogenic tryptophane metabolite -- 3-hydroxyanthranylic acid as a hapten (3-HAA-antigen) was found to be present in the blood serum in the overwhelming majority of patients with malignant tumours of various stages and localizations. The 3-HAA-antigen was rarely determined in the patients with nonmalignant diseases was not revealed in the blood serum of healthy donors and patients with benign tumours. The significance of the data obtained for the diagnosis of the tumour process, irrespective of its localization, is discussed.